Top

Gepubliceerd in:

01-05-2020 | Original Paper

Parent and/or Peer Attachment? Predicting Emerging Adults’ Prosocial Behaviors and Internalizing Symptomatology

Auteurs: Meredith McGinley, Alexandria M. Evans

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Child and Family Studies | Uitgave 7/2020

Abstract

Despite the extant literature, our understanding of the relative influence of attachment figures on multiple indices of socioemotional outcomes, especially during emerging adulthood, has been incomplete. The goal of the present study was to explicate the direct and indirect relations among maternal attachment, paternal attachment, peer attachment, internalizing symptomatology, and prosocial behaviors in a sample of emerging adults. Measures of maternal and paternal attachment, peer attachment, internalizing symptomatology (depression, anxiety, and stress) and multidimensional prosocial behaviors (altruistic, anonymous, dire, emotional, compliant, and dire) were administered to 189 college students (49% female; M_age = 18.82 years; 70% White). Maternal attachment was directly related to peer attachment and internalizing symptomatology. Peer attachment mediated the relations between maternal attachment and all outcomes except for public and anonymous prosocial behaviors. Paternal attachment failed to predict any outcomes when considered in the same model as maternal attachment. Further, emerging adult gender did not moderate any paths in the model. Taken together, the current findings underscore the continued importance of parent and peer attachment on mental health and socioemotional competencies during the transition into adulthood.

vorige artikel Demographic and Socioeconomic Predictors of Behavioral Trajectories from Age 3 to 15: A Longitudinal Mixed Effects Approach

volgende artikel (In)Congruent Parent–Child Reports of Parental Behaviors and Later Child Outcomes

Agerup, T., Lydersen, S., Wallander, J., & Sund, A. M. (2015). Associations between parental attachment and course of depression between adolescence and young adulthood. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 46, 632–642. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-014-0506-y.CrossRefPubMed

Allen, J. P., Porter, M., McFarland, C., McElhaney, K. B., & Marsh, P. (2007). The relation of attachment security to adolescents’ paternal and peer relationships, depression, and externalizing behavior. Child Development, 78, 1222–1239. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2007.01062.x.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Allen, J. P., (2008). The attachment system in adolescence. In J. Cassidy & P. R. Shaver (Eds), Handbook of attachment: theory, research, and clinical applications, 2nd ed. (pp. 419–435). New York: The Guilford Press.

Almy B., & Cicchetti, D. (2018). Developmental cascades. In M. H. Bornstein & M. Arterberry (Eds), SAGE encyclopedia of lifespan development. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Armsden, G. C., & Greenberg, M. T. (1987). The inventory of parent and peer attachment: Individual differences and their relationship to psychological well-being in adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 16, 427–454. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02202939.CrossRefPubMed

Arnett, J. J. (2007). Emerging adulthood: what is it, and what is it good for? Child Development Perspectives, 1, 68–73. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-8606.2007.00016.x.CrossRef

Booth-LaForce, C., & Kerns, K. A. (2009). Child-parent attachment relationships, Peer relationships, and peer-group functioning. In K. H. Rubin, W. M. Bukowski, & B. Laursen (Eds), Social, emotional, and personality development in context. Handbook of peer interactions, relationships, and groups (pp. 490–507). New York: Guilford.

Bowlby, J. (1973). Attachment and loss, Vol. 2: separation. New York: Basic Books.

Bowlby, J. (1980). Attachment and loss, Vol. 3: loss. New York: Basic Books.

Buist, K. L., Deković, M., Meeus, W., & van Aken, M. A. G. (2002). Developmental patterns in adolescent attachment to mother, father and sibling. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 31, 167–176. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015074701280.CrossRef

Carlo, G., & Randall, B. A. (2002). The development of a measure of prosocial behaviors for late adolescents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 31, 31–44. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014033032440.CrossRef

Carlo, G., McGinley, M., Hayes, R. C., & Martinez, M. (2012). Empathy as a mediator of the relations between parent and peer attachment and prosocial and physically aggressive behaviors in Mexican American college students. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 29, 337–357. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407511431181.CrossRef

Carlo, G., Knight, G. P., McGinley, M., Zamboanga, B. L., & Jarvis, L. H. (2010). Measurement and functional equivalence in prosocial behaviors among European & Mexican American early adolescents. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 20, 334–358. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-7795.2010.00637.x.CrossRef

Carlo, G. (2006). Care-based and altruistically-based morality. In M. Killen, & J.G. Smetana (Eds), Handbook of moral development (pp. 551−579). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

Cialdini, R. B., Brown, S. L., Lewis, B. P., Luce, C., & Neuberg, S. L. (1997). Reinterpreting the empathy–altruism relationship: when one into one equals oneness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73, 481–494. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.73.3.481.CrossRefPubMed

Eagly, A. H., & Crowley, M. (1986). Gender and helping behavior: a meta-analytic review of the social psychological literature. Psychological Bulletin, 100, 283–308. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.100.3.283.CrossRef

Eberly, M. B., & Montemayor, R. (1998). Doing good deeds: an examination of adolescent prosocial behavior in the context of parent-adolescent relationships. Journal of Adolescent Research, 13, 403–432. https://doi.org/10.1177/0743554898134003.CrossRef

Eberly, M. B., & Montemayor, R. (1999). Adolescent affection and helpfulness toward parents: a 2-year follow-up. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 19, 226–248. https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431699019002005.CrossRef

Eisenberg, N., Spinrad, T.L., & Knafo-Noam, A. (2015). Prosocial development. In M.E. Lamb & R.M. Lerner (Eds), Handbook of child psychology and developmental science: Socioemotional processes (pp. 610–656). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.

El-Khodary, B., & Samara, M. (2019). The mediating role of trait emotional intelligence, prosocial behaviour, parental support and parental psychological control on the relationship between war trauma, and PTSD and depression. Journal of Research in Personality, 81, 246–256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2019.06.004.CrossRef

Freeman, H., Newland, L. A., & Coyl, D. D. (2010). New directions in father attachment. Early Child Development and Care, 180, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430903414646.CrossRef

George, D., & Mallery, P. (2003). SPSS for Windows step by step: a simple guide and reference. 11.0 update (4th ed.). Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon.

Gorrese, A. (2016). Peer attachment and youth internalizing problems: a meta-analysis. Child & Youth Care Forum, 45, 177–204. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10566-015-9333-y.CrossRef

Gorrese, A., & Ruggieri, R. (2012). Peer attachment: a meta-analytic review of gender and age differences and associations with parent attachment. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 41, 650–672. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-012-9759-6.CrossRefPubMed

Gross, J. T., Stern, J. A., Brett, B. E., & Cassidy, J. (2017). The multifaceted nature of prosocial behavior in children: Links with attachment theory and research. Social Development, 26, https://doi.org/10.1111/sode.12242

Hardy, S. A., Walker, L. J., Olsen, J. A., Skalski, J. E., & Basinger, J. C. (2011). Adolescent naturalistic conceptions of moral maturity. Social Development, 20, 562–586. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9507.2010.00590.x.CrossRef

Hay, D. F., & Pawlby, S. (2003). Prosocial development in relation to children’s and mothers’ psychological problems. Child Development, 74, 1314–1327. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00609.CrossRefPubMed

Kenny, M. E., & Gallagher, L. A. (2002). Instrumental and social/relational correlates of perceived maternal and paternal attachment in adolescence. Journal of Adolescence, 25, 203–219. https://doi.org/10.1006/jado.2002.0461.CrossRefPubMed

Kline, R. B. (1998). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. New York: Guilford.

Laible, D. (2007). Attachment with parents and peers in late adolescence: links with emotional competence and social behavior. Personality and Individual Differences, 43, 1185–1197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2007.03.010.CrossRef

Laible, D., McGinley, M., Carlo, G., Augustine, M., & Panfile, T. (2014). Does engaging in prosocial/cooperative behavior make children see the world through rose colored glasses? Developmental Psychology, 50, 872–880. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033905.CrossRefPubMed

Laible, D. J., Carlo, G., & Raffaelli, M. (2000). The differential relations of parent and peer attachment to adolescent adjustment. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 29, 45–59. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005169004882.CrossRef

Laible, D. J., Carlo, G., & Roesch, S. C. (2004). Pathways to self-esteem in late adolescence: the role of parent and peer attachment, empathy, and social behaviours. Journal of Adolescence, 27, 703–716. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2004.05.005.CrossRefPubMed

Leadbeater, B. J., Kuperminc, G. P., Blatt, S. J., & Hertzog, C. (1999). A multivariate model of gender differences in adolescents’ internalizing and externalizing problems. Developmental Psychology, 35, 1268–1282. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.35.5.1268.CrossRefPubMed

Lee, J. Y., & Park, S. H. (2017). Interplay between attachment to peers and parents in Korean adolescents’ behavior problems. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 26, 57–66. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-016-0552-0.CrossRef

Llorca-Mestre, A., Samper-García, P., Malonda-Vidal, E., & Cortés-Tomás, M. T. (2017). Parenting style and peer attachment as predictors of emotional instability in children. Social Behavior And Personality, 45, 677–694. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.5363.CrossRef

Lovibond, S. H. & Lovibond, P. F. (1995). Manual for the depression anxiety stress scales. (2nd Ed.) Sydney: Psychology Foundation.

MacKinnon, D. P., Coxe, S., & Baraldi, A. N. (2012). Guidelines for the investigation of mediating variables in business research. Journal of Business and Psychology, 27, 1–14.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-011-9248-z.CrossRefPubMed

MacKinnon, D. P., Lockwood, C. M., Hoffman, J. M., West, S. G., & Sheets, V. (2002). A comparison of methods to test mediation and other intervening variable effects. Psychological Methods, 7, 83–104. https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.7.1.83.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Markiewicz, D., Doyle, A. B., & Brendgen, M. (2001). The quality of adolescents’ friendships: associations with mothers’ interpersonal relationships, attachments to parents and friends, and prosocial behaviors. Journal of Adolescence, 24, 429–445. https://doi.org/10.1006/jado.2001.0374.CrossRefPubMed

McGinley, M., Opal, D., Richaud, M. C., & Mesurado, B. (2014). Cross-cultural evidence of multidimensional prosocial behaviors: an examination of the Prosocial Tendencies Measure (PTM). In L. Padilla-Walker & G. Carlo (Eds), Prosocial development: a multidimensional approach. New York: Oxford University Press.

Murphy, T. P., Laible, D., & Augustine, M. (2017). The influences of parent and peer attachment on bullying. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 26, 1388–1397. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-017-0663-2.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Muthén, L. K. & Muthén, B. O. (1998–2017). Mplus User’s Guide (8th ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Muthén & Muthén.

Nelson, L. J., Willoughby, B. J., Rogers, A. A., & Padilla-Walker, L. M. (2015). “What a view!”: Associations between young people’s views of the late teens and twenties and indices of adjustment and maladjustment. Journal of Adult Development, 22, 125–137. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-015-9206-5.CrossRef

Nickerson, A. B., & Nagle, R. J. (2005). Parent and peer attachment in late childhood and early adolescence. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 25, 223–249. https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431604274174.CrossRef

Nie, Y.-G., Li, J.-B., & Vazsonyi, A. T. (2016). Self-control mediates the associations between parental attachment and prosocial behavior among Chinese adolescents. Personality and Individual Differences, 96, 36–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.02.077.CrossRef

Oldfield, J., Humphrey, N., & Hebron, J. (2016). The role of parental and peer attachment relationships and school connectedness in predicting adolescent mental health outcomes. Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 21, 21–29. https://doi.org/10.1111/camh.12108.CrossRef

Pace, U., Zappulla, C., & Di Maggio, R. (2016). The mediating role of perceived peer support in the relation between quality of attachment and internalizing problems in adolescence: a longitudinal perspective. Attachment & Human Development, 18, 508–524. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616734.2016.1198919.CrossRef

Padilla, W. L. M., Dyer, W. J., Yorgason, J. B., Fraser, A. M., & Coyne, S. M. (2015). Adolescents’ prosocial behavior toward family, friends, and strangers: a person‐centered approach. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 25, 135–150. https://doi.org/10.1111/jora.12102.CrossRef

Padilla-Walker, L. M., & Christensen, K. J. (2011). Empathy and self-regulation as mediators between parenting and adolescents’ prosocial behavior toward strangers, friends, and family. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 21, 545–551. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-7795.2010.00695.x.CrossRef

Padilla-Walker, L. M., Carlo, G., & Nielson, M. G. (2015a). Does helping keep teens protected? Longitudinal bidirectional relations between prosocial behavior and problem behavior. Child Development, 86, 1759–1772. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12411.CrossRefPubMed

Raposa, E. B., Laws, H. B., & Ansell, E. B. (2016). Prosocial behavior mitigates the negative effects of stress in everyday life. Clinical Psychological Science, 4, 691–698. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167702615611073.CrossRefPubMed

Rosato, M., Tseliou, F., Wright, D. M., Maguire, A., & O’Reilly, D. (2019). Are volunteering and caregiving associated with suicide risk? A Census-based longitudinal study. BMC Psychiatry, 19, 296 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-019-2255-8.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Son, D., & Padilla-Walker, L. M. (2019). Happy helpers: a multidimensional and mixed-method approach to prosocial behavior and its effects on friendship quality, mental health, and well-being during adolescence. Journal of Happiness Studies. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-019-00154-2.CrossRef

Sroufe, L. A., Egeland, B., Carlson, E., & Collins, W. A. (2005). Placing early attachment experiences in developmental context. In K. E. Grossmann, K. Grossmann, & E. Waters (Eds), The power of longitudinal attachment research: from infancy and childhood to adulthood (pp. 48–70). New York: Guilford.

Steinberg, L. (2004). Risk taking in adolescence: What changes, and why? In R. E. Dahl & L. P. Spear (Eds), Adolescent brain development: vulnerabilities and opportunities. (Vol. 1021, pp. 51–58). New York: New York Academy of Sciences.

Thompson, R. A. (2006). The development of the person: Social understanding, relationships, self, conscience. In W. Damon & R. M. Lerner (Series Eds) & N. Eisenberg (Vol. Ed.), Handbook of child psychology: Vol. 3. Social, emotional, and personality development (6th ed., pp. 24–98). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.

Venta, A., Bailey, C., Muñoz, C., Godinez, E., Colin, Y., Arreola, A., Abate, A., Camins, J., Rivas, M., & Lawlace, S. (2019). Contribution of schools to mental health and resilience in recently immigrated youth. School Psychology, 34, 138–147. https://doi.org/10.1037/spq0000271.CrossRefPubMed

Wilkinson, R. B. (2004). The role of parental and peer attachment in the psychological health and self-esteem of adolescents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 33, 479–493. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOYO.0000048063.59425.20.CrossRef

Wilson, J. M., & Wilkinson, R. B. (2012). The self-report assessment of adolescent attachment: a systematic review and critique. Journal of Relationships Research, 3, 81–94. https://doi.org/10.1017/jrr.2012.7.CrossRef

Titel: Parent and/or Peer Attachment? Predicting Emerging Adults’ Prosocial Behaviors and Internalizing Symptomatology
Auteurs: Meredith McGinley
Alexandria M. Evans
Publicatiedatum: 01-05-2020
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Child and Family Studies / Uitgave 7/2020
Print ISSN: 1062-1024
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2843
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-020-01715-3

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Andere artikelen Uitgave 7/2020

The Explanatory Mechanism of Child Impulsivity in the Bidirectional Associations between Parental Psychological Control and Child Physical Aggression

Understanding the Associations between Helicopter Parenting and Emerging Adults’ Adjustment

Relationships among Tic Symptoms, Expressed Emotions, and Quality of Life in Tic Disorder Patients

Defining Dropout From Children’s Mental Health Services: A Novel Need-based Definition

Parental Influence on Youth Media Use

Demographic and Socioeconomic Predictors of Behavioral Trajectories from Age 3 to 15: A Longitudinal Mixed Effects Approach