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Gepubliceerd in: GZ - Psychologie 6/2014

01-09-2014 | Wetenschap

Is schematherapie bij ouderen zinvol?

Een proof-of-conceptstudie naar de effectiviteit van groepsschematherapie

Auteurs: Drs. A.C. Videler, Prof. dr. G. Rossi, Drs. M. Schoevaars, Prof. dr. C.M van der Feltz-Cornelis, Prof. dr. S.P.J. van Alphen

Gepubliceerd in: GZ - Psychologie | Uitgave 6/2014

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Samenvatting

Achtergrond:

Recent is aangetoond dat schemagerichte cognitieve gedragstherapie in groepsverband (SCBT-g) tot verbeteringen leidt in actuele symptomatologie, maladaptieve schema’s en schemamodi. Dit is onderzocht bij zowel volwassenen (gemiddelde leeftijd 38) als jongvolwassenen (gemiddelde leeftijd 22,5 jaar) met persoonlijkheidsstoornissen of kenmerken hiervan. Er is echter nog geen effectonderzoek verricht bij ouderen. Daarom hebben we in een proof-of-conceptstudie verkend of SCBT-g effectief is bij ouderen met kenmerken van een persoonlijkheidsstoornis en recidiverende depressies. Een proof-of-conceptstudie betreft een studie waarin de toepasbaarheid en werkzaamheid van een nieuwe interventie getest wordt in een kleine pilotstudie.

Methode:

Eenendertig ambulante patiënten, variërend in leeftijd van 60 tot 78 jaar, met kenmerken van een persoonlijkheidsstoornis en/of recidiverende depressies. Primaire uitkomstmaat was actuele symptomatologie (BSI) en intermediërende uitkomstmaten waren maladaptieve schema’s (YSQ) en schemamodi (SMI), gemeten voorafgaand, halverwege en aan het einde van de behandeling. T-toetsen voor afhankelijke steekproeven werden verricht, en Cohen’s d effectmaten berekend. Als proof-of-conceptanalyse werden hiërarchische regressieanalyses met residuale verschilscores gebruikt om te analyseren of vroege procesveranderingen in maladaptieve schema’s latere veranderingen in symptomatologie voorspelden.

Resultaten:

Het bleek dat SCBT-g leidde tot significante verbetering in alle drie de uitkomstmaten met middelmatige effectgroottes. Veranderingen in de ernst van maladaptieve schema’s van het begin tot het midden van de behandeling voorspelden symptoomverbetering van het midden tot het einde van de behandeling.

Conclusie:

Onze bevindingen bieden voorlopig bewijs dat SCBT-g via verbeteringen in maladaptieve schema’s leidt tot significante afname van klachten bij ouderen met kenmerken van een persoonlijkheidsstoornis en/of recidiverende depressies. SCBT-g bleek bij ouderen wel iets minder effectief dan bij volwassenen (Van Vreeswijk e.a. 2012) en jongvolwassenen (Renner e.a. 2013). Wellicht dient schematherapie aangepast te worden aan leeftijdsspecifieke aspecten van ouderen om de effectiviteit te vergroten. Een noodzakelijke vervolgstap voor verder onderzoek is een RCT met controleconditie. Voor de GZ-psycholoog met opleiding in schematherapie is deze geprotocolleerde behandelmethode goed toepasbaar in de klinische praktijk.
Voetnoten
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Gedetailleerde informatie over de statistische analyses is op te vragen bij de eerste auteur.
 
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Metagegevens
Titel
Is schematherapie bij ouderen zinvol?
Een proof-of-conceptstudie naar de effectiviteit van groepsschematherapie
Auteurs
Drs. A.C. Videler
Prof. dr. G. Rossi
Drs. M. Schoevaars
Prof. dr. C.M van der Feltz-Cornelis
Prof. dr. S.P.J. van Alphen
Publicatiedatum
01-09-2014
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Gepubliceerd in
GZ - Psychologie / Uitgave 6/2014
Print ISSN: 1879-5080
Elektronisch ISSN: 1879-5099
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s41480-014-0052-z

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