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Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology

Gepubliceerd in:

14-09-2023

Interpersonal Trauma Effects on Adolescent Depression: The Moderating Role of Neurophysiological Responses to Positive Interpersonal Images

Auteurs: Yinru Long, Lindsay Dickey, Samantha Pegg, Alexandra Argiros, Lisa Venanzi, Anh Dao, Autumn Kujawa

Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology | Uitgave 2/2024

Abstract

Trauma exposure is associated with a heightened risk for depression and such risk is thought to vary based on the type of traumatic events (e.g., interpersonal, including abuse and domestic violence, or non-interpersonal, including accidents or natural disasters). Depression is often accompanied by altered emotional reactivity, and the late positive potential (LPP) serves as a reliable neurophysiological measure of sustained attention towards emotional stimuli, raising questions regarding the role of the LPP in moderating trauma effects on depression. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 201 adolescents aged 14–17 years (61.2% female) who were oversampled for current depression and elevated risk of depression based on maternal history. Clinical interviews were conducted to assess diagnoses and lifetime trauma exposure, and participants reported on current depressive symptoms. Electroencephalogram (EEG) was continuously recorded while participants completed a previously validated interpersonal emotional images task. Cumulative trauma (CT) and interpersonal trauma (IPT) were both associated with greater depressive symptoms, but non-interpersonal trauma (NIPT) was not significantly related to depressive symptoms. The association between IPT and depressive symptoms was moderated by the LPP to positive interpersonal images, such that IPT-exposed adolescents with blunted neural responses to such images showed the greatest symptoms. This result was specific to IPT, and the LPP to threatening interpersonal images did not significantly moderate the effects of IPT on depressive symptoms. These findings highlight the unique effects of interpersonal trauma on depressive symptoms and elucidate a potential vulnerability linking trauma exposure to depression risk among adolescents.

vorige artikel Adolescent Depression Symptom Trajectories Detected Via Universal Screening in Pediatric Primary Care

volgende artikel Social Interactions in Everyday Life of Socially Anxious Adolescents: Effects on Mental State, Anxiety, and Depression

Among the 49 participants with missing EEG data, 32 were in the clinical depression group, 9 in the high-risk group, and 8 in the low-risk group. This was due to data collection changes early in the pandemic. The independent sample t test revealed that there were no significant group differences between those with missing EEG data and those with both EEG and clinical data in age (t(199) = -1.11, p = 0.27) and IPT exposure (t(198) = -1.62, p = 0.11). Yet there was a significant group difference in depressive symptoms (t(194) = -3.58, p < 0.001). The prevalence of clinical depression among the majority of participants with missing EEG data could provide an explanation. The chi square test revealed that there were no significant group difference in gender either (χ²(1) = 1.676, p = 0.195.).

An independent samples t-test revealed that depressive symptoms of participants completed procedures before the start of the COVID-19 pandemic (n = 105) were significantly higher than those of participants completing procedures during the pandemic (n = 96, t = 4.63, df = 194, p < 0.05) due to a greater proportion of currently depressed adolescents enrolled pre-pandemic. Cumulative/interpersonal trauma exposure and LPP residuals to positive or threatening stimuli did not differ pre-pandemic vs. during the pandemic (ps > 0.05).

38 participants had their EOG channels replaced by cap electrodes. We conducted regression analyses with the addition of a covariate for which HEO/VEO electrodes were used and no substantive changes in results were observed.

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Titel: Interpersonal Trauma Effects on Adolescent Depression: The Moderating Role of Neurophysiological Responses to Positive Interpersonal Images
Auteurs: Yinru Long
Lindsay Dickey
Samantha Pegg
Alexandra Argiros
Lisa Venanzi
Anh Dao
Autumn Kujawa
Publicatiedatum: 14-09-2023
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology / Uitgave 2/2024
Print ISSN: 2730-7166
Elektronisch ISSN: 2730-7174
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-023-01118-0

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