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29-08-2023 | Empirical Research

Interpersonal Stress and Late Adolescent Depressive Symptoms: Moderation by Perceptual Sensitivity to Facial Expression of Anger

Auteurs: Yajing Xu, Cong Cao

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence | Uitgave 12/2023

Abstract

The interpersonal theories of depression highlight the role of interpersonal stress and individual’s sensitivity to social rejection in the development of depression. However, previous research has tested their respective effects, whereas whether or not these two factors interact to affect depression, especially in ways of differential susceptibility or diathesis-stress, remains unknown. By adopting a morphed facial expressions recognition paradigm, the current study investigated the potential moderating role of perceptual sensitivity to facial expressions, especially that to angry expression which signaled social rejection, in the association between interpersonal stress and adolescent depressive symptoms. A total of 186 Chinese late adolescents (M_age = 21.16 ± 1.81 years; 73.7% females) participated in this study. The results demonstrated that perceptual sensitivity for angry faces, but not sad or happy faces, functioned as a plasticity factor significantly moderating the effect of interpersonal stress on depressive symptoms, which was consistent with hypothesis of differential susceptibility rather than diathesis-stress. No interactions were observed regarding non-interpersonal dimensions. These results were robust and survived a series of sensitivity analyses, including k-fold cross-validation test. The current findings highlight the crucial role of perceptual sensitivity to angry expression in explaining individual differences behind the links between interpersonal stress and adolescent depressive symptoms.

vorige artikel Are Discrepancies Between Father and Adolescent Perceptions of Harsh Parenting and Conflict Associated with Adolescent Mental Health Symptoms?

volgende artikel Profiles and Transitions of Loneliness and Depressive Symptoms among Migrant Children: Predictive Role of Bullying Victimization

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To be noted, this 85% screening data criterion is strict for sadness given that sadness is more difficult to identify than anger and happiness, either prototypes of expressions or expressions with each signal strength, and no matter among computer-generated faces or photographic natural faces and natural faces in daily life (e.g., Huang et al., 2012; Montagne et al., 2007). Extant research has showed that, identification accuracy for angry and happy prototypes ranged from 85% ~ 100%, whereas sad prototype was only identified at a rate of 65% ~ 85% (e.g., Huang et al., 2012; Montagne et al., 2007). This might because sadness involves relatively subtle muscle changes in the faces (Biehl et al., 1997). Consistently, the current data revealed similar identification accuracy for these prototypes (angry: 97%; happy: 96%; sad: 85%). Accordingly, a sensitivity analysis was conducted by using a lax screening data criterion of 65% identification accuracy for sadness (16.7% data for sadness was excluded). The results showed that the main effect of perceptual sensitivity to sadness and its interaction effects with interpersonal and non-interpersonal stress remained non-significant (p ≥ 0.017, the threshold of multiple corrected p-value was 0.0083).

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Titel: Interpersonal Stress and Late Adolescent Depressive Symptoms: Moderation by Perceptual Sensitivity to Facial Expression of Anger
Auteurs: Yajing Xu
Cong Cao
Publicatiedatum: 29-08-2023
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence / Uitgave 12/2023
Print ISSN: 0047-2891
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-6601
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-023-01849-9

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