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Discordance with abnormal FFR and normal iFR is characterised by maximal flow values, similar to concordant normal FFR and iFR lesions.
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In patients with abnormal FFR and normal iFR, conservative therapy may be justified.
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Discordance with normal FFR and abnormal iFR is characterised by low flow values, similar to concordant abnormal FFR and iFR values.
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Patients with normal FFR and abnormal iFR may benefit from intervention.
Introduction
Methods
Patient population
Cardiac catheterisation and physiological assessment
Statistical analysis
Results
Demographics | ||
Age (years) | 65 ± 10 | |
Male | 447 | 77% |
Risk factors and medical history | ||
Hypertension | 357 | 61% |
Dyslipidaemia | 449 | 76% |
Family history | 228 | 40% |
Smoking (current) | 215 | 37% |
Diabetes | 156 | 26% |
Renal dysfunction | 31 | 6% |
Prior MI | 126 | 21% |
Prior PCI | 131 | 20% |
Peripheral vascular disease | 18 | 3% |
Cerebrovascular disease | 29 | 4% |
Medications | ||
Aspirin | 421 | 72% |
Other anti-platelet | 209 | 68% |
Anti-coagulant | 32 | 10% |
Beta-blocker | 316 | 54% |
Calcium antagonist | 162 | 28% |
Nitrates | 145 | 47% |
Statin | 381 | 65% |
Other lipid drugs | 16 | 5% |
RAAS antagonist | 204 | 35% |
Diuretic | 90 | 17% |
Anti-diabetics (all) | 49 | 16% |
Insulin | 11 | 4% |
LV ejection fraction (%) | 60 [58, 65] | |
Visual diameter stenosis (%) | 60 [50, 70] | |
Prior MI | 54 | 8% |
Prior PCI | 51 | 14% |
In-stent lesion | 13 | 4% |
Coronary distribution | ||
– LAD | 393 | 61% |
– LCX | 131 | 20% |
– RCA | 123 | 19% |
Adenosine route | ||
– Intracoronary | 488 | 75% |
– Intravenous | 159 | 25% |
FFR | 0.83 [0.74, 0.89] | |
CFR | 2.1 [1.7, 2.7] | |
iFR | 0.92 [0.85, 0.96] |
Agreement between FFR and iFR
FFR+/iFR− lesion group | FFR−/iFR+ lesion group | p-value | |
---|---|---|---|
Patients | 47 (8%) | 40 (7%) | |
Lesions | 55 (9%) | 42 (6%) | |
Age (years) | 62 ± 10 | 66 ± 10 | 0.02* |
Male | 38 (84) | 27 (68) | 0.321 |
Hypertension | 28 (60) | 22 (55) | 0.105 |
Dyslipidaemia | 40 (85) | 30 (75) | 0.701 |
Smoking (current) | 17 (36) | 9 (23) | 0.04* |
Diabetes | 9 (19) | 16 (40) | 0.08 |
Renal dysfunction | 2 (6) | 2 (14) | 0.631 |
Prior MI | 11 (23) | 8 (20) | 0.813 |
Prior PCI | 16 (47) | 7 (50) | 0.979 |
Peripheral vascular disease | 2 (6) | 0 (0) | 0.429 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 1 (3) | 2 (14) | 0.221 |
Coronary artery | |||
– LAD (n = 393) | 30 | 30 | |
– RCX (n = 131) | 19 | 7 | |
– RCA (n = 123) | 6 | 5 |