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2020 | OriginalPaper | Hoofdstuk

24. Huidtumoren

Auteurs : Dr. R. van Doorn, Dr. A. C. J. Akkooi, Prof. dr. M. R. van Dijk, Prof. dr. J. B. A. G. Haanen

Gepubliceerd in: Leerboek oncologie

Uitgeverij: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

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Samenvatting

Basaalcelcarcinoom, plaveiselcarcinoom en melanoom zijn de maligne huidtumoren met de hoogste incidentie. Ultraviolette straling is een belangrijke etiologische factor bij het ontstaan van verschillende huidtumoren. Zeldzamere typen huidtumoren zijn onder meer het merkelcelcarcinoom, kaposisarcoom, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans en het cutaan T-cellymfoom mycosis fungoides. De diagnostiek van huidtumoren vereist herkenning van (pre)maligne huidtumoren en bevestiging door middel van histopathologisch onderzoek van een huidbiopt of huidexcisie. De meeste huidtumoren kunnen effectief behandeld worden met chirurgische excisie. Radiotherapie, fotodynamische therapie en medicamenteuze therapie zijn in geselecteerde gevallen goede alternatieven. Door herkenning en tijdige behandeling kunnen invasie en metastasering van melanoom voorkomen worden. De prognose van patiënten met gemetastaseerd melanoom is aanmerkelijk verbeterd door de introductie van targeted therapie en immuun checkpoint inhibitors. Bij targeted therapie worden patiënten met BRAF-gemuteerd melanoom behandeld met specifieke remmers van BRAF- en MEK-eiwitten. Behandeling met antilichamen gericht tegen PD1 en CTLA-4 versterkt T-cel gemedieerde immuunresponsen tegen melanoomcellen.
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Metagegevens
Titel
Huidtumoren
Auteurs
Dr. R. van Doorn
Dr. A. C. J. Akkooi
Prof. dr. M. R. van Dijk
Prof. dr. J. B. A. G. Haanen
Copyright
2020
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-368-2449-1_24