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11-03-2019 | Original Article

Depressive Suppression: Effects of Emotion Suppression on Multiple Emotions for Depressed Versus Nondepressed Individuals

Auteurs: Matthew Boland, Anthony Papa, Elysia Oliver, Robert del Carlo

Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research | Uitgave 5/2019

Abstract

Clinical theory from multiple psychological perspectives, including cognitive therapies, have long suggested that the maladaptive use of strategies to regulate emotion play a central role in the development and maintenance of psychopathology. This consideration may be particularly salient for depressive symptoms, given the prevalence of multiple negative emotions in the context of depression and the recently established tendency for depressed individuals to suppress emotions. We experimentally tested whether emotional and physiological effects of emotion suppression in response to separate sadness and anxiety inductions are moderated by depressive symptoms. Results indicated no effect of suppression on self-reported sadness compared to control condition for depressed or nondepressed participants (total N = 113). However, suppressing anxiety led to a reduction in self-reported anxiety compared to control condition for nondepressed participants, but there was no effect of suppression on anxiety among depressed participants. A similar pattern emerged for cardiac responding during both inductions. Results suggest that the effects of suppression depend on the emotion suppressed and on one’s level of depressive symptoms. Depressed participants’ difficulty mitigating state anxiety also suggests that depressed individuals have difficulty regulating certain emotions, but not others. Further implications for theoretical understanding, assessment of psychopathology, and clinical practice are discussed.

vorige artikel Concurrent and Prospective Relations Between Attentional Biases for Emotional Images and Relapse to Depression

volgende artikel Dynamic Changes in a Desire to Escape from Interpersonal Adversity: A Fluid Experimental Assessment of the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide

By use of the term “depressed” to describe the symptom level experienced by participants, it is understood that participants may or may not meet full criteria for major depressive episode following comprehensive clinical assessment.

Sensitivity analysis was conducted by comparing all outcomes between those who were recruited through recruitment flyers versus through SONA System, and between those who accepted cash payment versus course extra credit. Analysis revealed no differences across comparisons (p’s > 0.25), except that those who chose cash compensation, M = 6.00, SE = 0.27, showed higher levels of sadness in response to sadness induction compared to those who chose course credit, M = 4.76, SE = 0.36, M_difference = 1.24, SE_difference = 0.43, t(109) = 2.85, p = .005 (note 2 cases had missing data on what form of compensation was chosen).

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Titel: Depressive Suppression: Effects of Emotion Suppression on Multiple Emotions for Depressed Versus Nondepressed Individuals
Auteurs: Matthew Boland
Anthony Papa
Elysia Oliver
Robert del Carlo
Publicatiedatum: 11-03-2019
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research / Uitgave 5/2019
Print ISSN: 0147-5916
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2819
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-019-10002-5

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