Skip to main content
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
ZOEKEN
MENU 1 2 3 4
Top

Tip

Swipe om te navigeren naar een ander artikel

Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology 1/2023

01-09-2022

Comparison of the Cognitive Disengagement and Hypoactivity Components of Sluggish Cognitive Tempo in Autism, ADHD, and Population-Based Samples of Children

Auteurs: Susan D. Mayes, Stephen P. Becker, Susan L. Calhoun, Daniel A. Waschbusch

Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology | Uitgave 1/2023

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail
    Link delen
publish
Publiceer nu

Abstract

An international Sluggish Cognitive Tempo (SCT) Work Group proposed a new term for SCT, “cognitive disengagement syndrome,” that more accurately describes the syndrome than does SCT. According to the Work Group, symptoms of SCT represent a cognitive dimension (cognitive disengagement) and a motor dimension (hypoactivity). Our study determined (1) if distinct factors representing cognitive disengagement and hypoactivity emerged when SCT items were factor analyzed and (2) the degree of differences in cognitive disengagement and hypoactivity within diagnostic groups. Mothers rated 1,177 children with autism, 725 with ADHD-Combined, and 307 with ADHD-Inattentive (4–17 years) and 665 elementary school children (6–12 years) on the Pediatric Behavior Scale (PBS). SCT prevalence rates were autism 32%, ADHD-Inattentive 27%, ADHD-Combined 18%, and elementary school students 7%. Factor analysis of the SCT items yielded two factors reflecting cognitive disengagement (in a fog/confused and stares/preoccupied/in own world) and hypoactivity (sluggish/slow moving/low energy, drowsy/sleepy/not alert, and tires easily) in all diagnostic groups. Cognitive disengagement prevalence rates and scores were significantly higher than hypoactivity in the autism and ADHD-C groups and in the autism and ADHD-C subgroups of children with SCT (but not in the ADHD-I and elementary school total groups and SCT subgroups). Our findings factor analyzing five SCT items support two SCT subfactors: cognitive disengagement and hypoactivity.
vorige artikel Prevalence and Phenomenology of Anxiety in Preschool-Aged Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
volgende artikel Multi-Trajectories of Conduct Problems, Hyperactivity/Inattention, and Peer Problems Across Childhood: Results from the Growing Up in Scotland Birth Cohort
Literatuur
Barkley, R. A. (2013). Distinguishing sluggish cognitive tempo from ADHD in children and adolescents: Executive functioning, impairment, and comorbidity. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 42, 161–173. CrossRef
Barkley, R. A. (2014). Sluggish cognitive tempo (concentration deficit disorder?): Current status, future directions, and a plea to change the name. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 42, 117–125. CrossRef
Barkley, R. A., Willcutt, E., & Jacobson, L. A. (2022). What is the cognitive deficit in sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT)? A review of neuropsychological research. The ADHD Report, 30, 1–10.
Bauermeister, J. J., Barkley, R. A., Bauermeister, J. A., Martinez, J. V., & McBurnett, K. (2012). Validity of the sluggish cognitive tempo, inattention, hyperactivity symptom dimensions: Neuropsychological and psychological correlates. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 40, 683–697. CrossRef
Baytunca, M. B., Inci, S. B., Ipci, M., Kardas, B., Bolat, G. U., & Ercan, E. S. (2018). The neurocognitive nature of children with ADHD comorbid sluggish cognitive tempo: Might SCT be a disorder of vigilance? Psychiatry Research, 270, 967–973.Becker, S. P. (2021). Systematic review: Assessment of sluggish cognitive tempo over the past decade. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 60, 690–709.
Becker, S. P. (2021). Systematic review: Assessment of sluggish cognitive tempo over the past decade. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 60, 690–709.
Becker, S. P., Fredrick, J. W., Foster, J. A., Yeaman, K. M., Epstein, J. N., Froehlich, T. E., & Mitchell, J. T. (2022). “My mom calls it Annaland”: A qualitative study of phenomenology, daily life impacts, and treatment considerations of sluggish cognitive tempo. Journal of Attention Disorders, 26, 915–931. CrossRef
Becker, S. P., Leopold, D. R., Burns, G. L., Jarrett, M. A., Langberg, J. M., Marshall, S. A., et al. (2016). The internal, external, and diagnostic validity of sluggish cognitive tempo: A meta-analysis and critical review. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 55, 163–178. CrossRef
Becker, S. P., Mossing, K. W., Zoromski, A. K., Vaughn, A. J., Epstein, J. N., Tamm, L., & Burns, G. L. (2020). Assessing sluggish cognitive tempo and ADHD inattention in elementary students: Empirical differentiation, invariance across sex and grade, and measurement precision. Psychological Assessment, 32, 1047–1056. CrossRef
Becker, S. P., Willcutt, E. G., Leopold, D. R., Smith, Z. R., Fredrick, J. W., Jacobson, L. A., et al. (in press). Report of a work group on sluggish cognitive tempo: Key research directions and a consensus change in terminology to cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS). Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.
Bixler, E. O., Vgontzas, A. N., Lin, H.-M., Calhoun, S., Vela-Bueno, A., Fedok, F., et al. (2009). Sleep disordered breathing in children in a general population sample: Prevalence and risk factors. Sleep, 32, 731–736. CrossRef
Brewe, A. M., Simmons, G. L., Capriola-Hall, N. N., & White, S. H. (2020). Sluggish cognitive tempo: An examination of correlates for adults with autism. Autism, 24, 1373–1383. CrossRef
Burns, G. L., & Becker, S. P. (2021). Sluggish cognitive tempo and ADHD symptoms in a nationally representative sample of U.S. children: Differentiation using categorical and dimensional approaches. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 50, 267–280. CrossRef
Camprodon-Rosanas, E., Ribas-Fito, N., Batlle-Vila, S., Persavento, C., Alvarez-Pedrerol, M., Sunyer, J., & Forns, J. (2020). Association between sluggish cognitive tempo symptoms and attentional network and working memory in primary school children. Journal of Attention Disorders, 24, 1787–1795. CrossRef
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2005). Mental health in the United States. Prevalence of diagnosis and medication treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder-United States, 2003. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 54, 842–847.
Conrad, A. L., Richman, L., Lindgren, S., & Nopoulos, P. (2010). Biological and environmental predictors of behavioral sequelae in children born preterm. Pediatrics, 125, e83–e89. CrossRef
Duncan, A., Tamm, L., Birnschein, A. M., & Becker, S. P. (2019). Clinical correlates of sluggish cognitive tempo in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. Autism, 23, 1354–1362. CrossRef
Dvorsky, M. R., Becker, S. P., Tamm, L., & Willoughby, M. T. (2019). Testing the longitudinal structure and change in sluggish cognitive tempo and inattentive behaviors from early through middle childhood. Assessment, 28, 380–394. CrossRef
Ekinci, O., Ipek Bas, S. A., Ekinci, N., Dogan, O. I., Yasoz, C., & Adak, I. (2021). Sluggish cognitive tempo is associated with autistic traits and anxiety disorder symptoms in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry, 43, 153–159. CrossRef
Fenollar Cortés, J., Servera, M., Becker, S. P., & Burns, G. L. (2017). External validity of ADHD inattention and sluggish cognitive tempo dimensions in Spanish children with ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders, 21, 655–666. CrossRef
Ghandour, R. M., Sherman, L. J., Vladutiu, C. J., Ali, M. M., Lynch, S. E., Bitsko, R. H., & Blumberg, S. J. (2019). Prevalence and treatment of depression, anxiety, and conduct problems in US children. The Journal of Pediatrics, 206, 256–267.
Hartman, C. A., Willcutt, E. G., Rhee, S. H., & Pennington, B. F. (2004). The relation between sluggish cognitive tempo and DSM-IV ADHD. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 32, 491–503. CrossRef
Jacobson, L. A., Geist, M., & Mahone, E. M. (2018). Sluggish cognitive tempo, processing speed, and internalizing symptoms: The moderating effect of age. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 46, 127–135. CrossRef
Joshi, G., Faraone, S. V., Wozniak, J., Tarko, L., Fried, R., Galdo, M., et al. (2017). Symptom profiles of ADHD in youth with high-functioning autism spectrumdisorder: A comparative study in psychiatrically referred populations. Journal of Attention Disorders, 21, 846–855. CrossRef
Kofler, M. J., Irwin, L. N., Sarver, D. E., Fosco, W. D., Miller, C. E., Speigel, J. A., & Becker, S. P. (2019). What cognitive processes are “sluggish” in sluggish cognitive tempo? Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 87, 1030–1042. CrossRef
Lee, S. Y., Burns, G. L., Snell, J., & McBurnett, K. (2014). Validity of sluggish cognitive tempo in children: Sluggish cognitive tempo ADHD-inattention as distinct dimensions. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 42, 7–19. CrossRef
Lindgren, S. D., & Koeppl, G. K. (1987). Assessing child behavior problems in a medicalsetting: Development of the Pediatric Behavior Scale. In R. J. Prinz (Ed.), Advances in Behavioral Assessment of Children and Families (pp. 57–90). JAI.
Mattison, R. E., & Mayes, S. D. (2012). Relationship between learning disability, executive function, and psychopathology in children with ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders, 16, 138–146. CrossRef
Mayes, S. D. (2012). Checklist for Autism Spectrum Disorder. Wood Dale, IL: Stoelting.
Mayes, S. D., Bangert, L., Kallus, R., Fosco, W., Calhoun, S. L., & Waschbusch, D. A. (in press). Sluggish cognitive tempo: Association with neuropsychological test scores and motor incoordination, and dysgraphia in elementary school children. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry.
Mayes, S. D., Calhoun, S. L., Mayes, R. D., & Molitoris, S. (2012). Autism and ADHD: Overlapping and discriminating symptoms. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 6, 277–285. CrossRef
Mayes, S. D., Calhoun, S. L., Murray, M. J., Morrow, J. D., Yurich, K. K. L., Mahr, F., et al. (2009). Comparison of scores on the Checklist for Autism Spectrum Disorder, Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), and Gilliam Asperger’s Disorder Scale (GADS) for children with low functioning autism, high functioning autism or Asperger’s disorder, ADHD, and typical development. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 39, 1682–1693. CrossRef
Mayes, S. D., Calhoun, S. L., & Waschbusch, D. A. (2021a). Relationship between sluggish cognitive tempo and sleep, psychological, somatic, and cognitive problems and impairment in children with autism and children with ADHD. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 26, 518–530. CrossRef
Mayes, S. D., Calhoun, S. L., Waschbusch, D., & Baweja, R. (2017). Autism and reactive attachment/disinhibited social engagement disorders: Co-occurrence and differentiation. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 22, 620–631. CrossRef
Mayes, S. D., Gordon, M., Calhoun, S. L., & Bixler, E. O. (2014). Long-term temporal stabilityof measured inattention and impulsivity in typical and referred children. Journal of Attention Disorders, 18, 23–30. CrossRef
McBurnett, K., Villodas, M., Burns, G. L., Hinshaw, S. P., Beaulieu, A., & Pfiffner, L. J. (2014). Structure and validity of sluggish cognitive tempo using an expanded item pool in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 42, 37–48. CrossRef
McFayden, T., Jarrett, M. A., White, S. W., Scarpa, A., Dahiya, A., & Ollendick, T. H. (2022). Sluggish cognitive tempo in autism spectrum disorder, ADHD, and their comorbidity: Implications for impairment. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent of Psychology, 51, 195–202. CrossRef
Murray, M. J., Mayes, S. D., & Smith, L. A. (2011). Brief report: Excellent agreement between two brief autism scales (Checklist for Autism Spectrum Disorder and Social Responsiveness Scale) completed independently by parents and the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41, 1586–1590. CrossRef
Nichols, S., Mahoney, E. M., Sirois, P. A., Bordeaux, J. D., Stehbens, J. A., Loveland, K. A., et al. (2000). HIV-associated changes in adaptive, emotional, and behavioral functioning in children and adolescents with hemophilia: Results from the Hemophilia Growth and Development Study. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 25, 545–556. CrossRef
Pastor, P. N., & Reuben, C. A. (2008). Diagnosed attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and learning disability: United States, 2004–2006. Centers for Disease Control National Center for Health Statistics Office of Analysis and Epidemiology, PHS No. 2008–1565.
Penny, A. M., Waschbusch, D. A., Klein, R. M., Corkum, P., & Eskes, G. (2009). Developing a measure of sluggish cognitive tempo for children: Content validity, factor structure, and reliability. Psychological Assessment, 21, 380–389. CrossRef
Reinvall, O., Kujala, T., Voutilainen, A., Moisio, A., Lahti-Nuuttila, P., & Laasonen, M. (2017). Sluggish cognitive tempo in children and adolescents with higher functioning autism. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 58, 389–399. CrossRef
Saez, B., Servera, M., Becker, S. P., & Burns, G. L. (2019). Optimal items for assessing sluggish cognitive tempo in children across mother, father, and teacher ratings. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 48, 825–839.
Servera, M., Saez, B., Burns, G. L., & Becker, S. P. (2018). Clinical differentiation of sluggish cognitive tempo and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 127, 818–829.
Skirbek, B., Hansen, B. H., Oerbeck, B., & Kristensen, H. (2011). The relationship between sluggish cognitive tempo, subtypes of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and anxiety disorders. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 39, 513–525. CrossRef
Tamm, L., Brenner, S. B., Bamberger, M. E., & Becker, S. P. (2018). Are sluggish cognitive tempo symptoms associated with executive functioning in preschoolers? Child Neuropsychology, 24, 82–105. CrossRef
Tierney, C., Mayes, S. D., Lohs, S. R., Black, A., Gisin, E., & Veglia, M. (2015). How valid is the Checklist for Autism Spectrum Disorder when a child has apraxia of speech? Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 36, 569–574.Waschbusch, D. A. (2021). Editorial: A review of sluggish cognitive tempo measures that will benefit researchers and clinicians. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 60, 678–679.
Waschbusch, D. A. (2021). Editorial: A review of sluggish cognitive tempo measures that will benefit researchers and clinicians. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 60, 678–679.
Waxmonsky, J., Mayes, S. D., Calhoun, S. L., Fernandez-Mendoza, J., Waschbusch, D., & Bixler, E. O. (2017). The association between disruptive mood dysregulation disorder symptoms and sleep problems in children with and without ADHD. Sleep Medicine, 37, 180–186. CrossRef
Willard, V. W., Hardy, K. K., Allen, T. M., Hwang, E. I., Gururangan, S., Hostetter, S. A., & Bonner, M. J. (2013). Sluggish cognitive tempo in survivors of pediatric brain tumors. Journal of Neurooncology, 114, 71–78. CrossRef
Willcutt, E. G., Chhabildas, N., Kinnear, M., DeFries, J. C., Olson, R. K., Leopold, D. R., et al. (2014). The internal and external validity of sluggish cognitive tempo and its relation with DSM-IV ADHD. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 42, 21–35.
Wood, W. L., Potts, H. E., Lewandowski, L. J., & Lovett, B. J. (2017). Sluggish cognitive tempo and speed of performance. Journal of Attention Disorders, 21, 684–690. CrossRef
Zablotsky, B., Black, L. I., & Blumberg, S. J. (2017). Estimated prevalence of children with diagnosed developmental disabilities in the United States, 2014–2016. Centers for Disease Control National Center for Health Statistics, DHHS No. 291.
Metagegevens
Titel
Comparison of the Cognitive Disengagement and Hypoactivity Components of Sluggish Cognitive Tempo in Autism, ADHD, and Population-Based Samples of Children
Auteurs
Susan D. Mayes
Stephen P. Becker
Susan L. Calhoun
Daniel A. Waschbusch
Publicatiedatum
01-09-2022
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology / Uitgave 1/2023
Print ISSN: 2730-7166
Elektronisch ISSN: 2730-7174
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-022-00969-3

Andere artikelen Uitgave 1/2023

Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology 1/2023 Naar de uitgave

OriginalPaper

Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Shared or Unique Neurocognitive Profiles?

OriginalPaper

Multi-Trajectories of Conduct Problems, Hyperactivity/Inattention, and Peer Problems Across Childhood: Results from the Growing Up in Scotland Birth Cohort

OriginalPaper

Prevalence and Phenomenology of Anxiety in Preschool-Aged Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

OriginalPaper

Community Violence Exposure and Generalized Anxiety Symptoms: Do Callous-Unemotional Behaviors Moderate this Relation Among Urban Youth?

OriginalPaper

Associations between parental conflict and social and monetary reward responsiveness in adolescents with clinical depression

OriginalPaper

Linking ADHD and ASD Symptomatology with Social Impairment: The Role of Emotion Dysregulation