Skip to main content
Mijn bibliotheek
Shop
Nieuws Boeken Tijdschriften E-learning Web-tv Video Audio
Tips voor Mijn BSL
UITGEBREID ZOEKEN
Inloggen
Top
Gepubliceerd in:
Pathofysiologische en moleculaire aspecten van hartfalen hoofdstuk lezen eerste hoofdstuk lezen

2007 | OriginalPaper | Hoofdstuk

Aritmie en Asynchronie Bij Hartfalen: Geneesmiddelen en Implantaten

Auteurs : Prof. Dr. M. J. Schalij, Prof. Dr. H. J. G. M. Crijns

Gepubliceerd in: Leerboek hartfalen

Uitgeverij: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail
    Link delen
publish
Publiceer nu

Abstract

Ondanks de vooruitgang die de afgelopen decennia is geboekt bij de behandeling van patiënten met ernstig hartfalen, blijven de morbiditeit en mortaliteit hoog.1–5 Zo ontwikkelen veel patiënten ernstige symptomen van progressief hartfalen en overlijden uiteindelijk aan de gevolgen ervan. Een grote groep echter ontwikkelt verder supra- en/of ventriculaire ritmestoornissen die de behandeling ernstig kunnen compliceren. Vooral kamerritmestoornissen dragen in belangrijke mate bij aan de hoge mortaliteit van deze patiënten.5,6
vorige hoofdstuk Diagnostiek bij hartfalen
volgende hoofdstuk Medicamenteuze behandeling van chronisch hartfalen
Literatuur
1.
The MERIT-HF study group. Effect of metoprolol CR/XL in chronic heart failure: Metoprolol CR/XL Randomised Intervention Trial in Congestive Heart Failure (MERIT-HF). Lancet 1999;353:2001.
2.
Swedberg K, Cleland J, Dargie H, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure: executive summary (update 2005): The Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J 2005;26:1115.PubMed
3.
Hjalmarson A, Goldstein S, Fagerberg B, et al. Effects of controlled-release metoprolol on total mortality, hospitalizations, and well-being in patients with heart failure: the Metoprolol CR/XL Randomized Intervention Trial in congestive heart failure (MERIT-HF). MERIT-HF Study Group. JAMA 2000;283:1295.PubMed
4.
Hjalmarson A, Fagerberg B. MERIT-HF mortality and morbidity data. Basic Res Cardiol 2000;95(Suppl 1):I98.PubMed
5.
Grimm W, Maisch B. Sudden cardiac death in dilated cardiomyopathy - therapeutic options. Herz 2002;27:750.PubMed
6.
Ellison KE, Stevenson WG, Sweeney MO, et al. Management of arrhythmias in heart failure. Congest Heart Fail 2003;9:91–9.PubMed
7.
Crijns HJ, Tjeerdsma G, Kam PJ de, Boomsma F, Gelder IC van, Berg MP van den, Veldhuisen DJ van. Prognostic value of the presence and development of atrial fibrillation in patients with advanced chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J 2000;21:1238–1245.PubMed
8.
The Antiarrhythmic Versus Implantable Defibrillator (AVID) Investigators. A Comparison of Antiarrhythmic-drug Therapy with Implantable Defibrillators in Patients Resuscitated from Near-fatal Ventricular Arrhythmias. N Engl J Med 1997;337:1576–83.
9.
Connolly S, Gent M, Roberts RS, et al. Canadian Implantable Defibrillator Study (CIDS): A randomized trial of the implantable cardioverter defibrillator against amiodarone. Circulation 2000;101:1297–1302.PubMed
10.
Kuck K-H, Cappato R, Siebels J, Ruppel R. Randomized comparison of antiarrhythmic drug therapy with implantable defibrillators in patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest: The Cardiac Arrest Study Hamburg (CASH). Circulation 2000;102:749–754.
11.
Buxton A, Lee K, Fisher J, et al. for the Multicenter UnSustained Tachycardia Trial (MUSTT) Investigators. A randomized study of the prevention of sudden death in patients with coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med 1999;341:1882–90.PubMed
12.
Moss A, Hall J, Cannom D, et al. for the MADIT Investigators. Improved survival with an implanted defibrillator in patients with coronary disease at high risk of ventricular arrhythmias. N Engl J Med 1996;335:1933–40.PubMed
13.
Moss A, Zareba W, Hall WJ, et al. Prophylactic implantation of a Defibrillator in patients with myocardial infarction and reduced ejection fraction. N Engl J Med 2002;346:877–83.PubMed
14.
Bardy G, Lee K, Mark D, et al. Amiodarone or an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator for congestive heart failure. NEJM 2005:352:225–37.PubMed
15.
Zipes DP, Camm AJ, Borggrefe M, et al. ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 guidelines for management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006;48:e247-346.PubMed
16.
Bakker PF. Cardiac stimulation as nonpharmacologic treatment for heart failure. In: Van Hemel NM, Wittkampf FHM, and Ector H, eds. The pacemaker clinic in the 90’s. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1995; 185–197.
17.
Auricchio A, Stellbrink C, Sack S, et al. Pacing Therapies in Congestive Heart Failure (PATH-CHF) Study Group. Long-term clinical effect of hemodynamically optimized cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients with heart failure and ventricular conduction delay. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002;39:2026–33.PubMed
18.
Molhoek SG, Bax JJ, van Erven L, et al. Effectiveness of resynchronization therapy in patients with end-stage heart failure. Am J Cardiol 2002;90:379–83.PubMed
19.
Gras D, Leclercq C, Tang AS, et al. Cardiac resynchronization therapy in advanced heart failure the multicenter InSync clinical study. Eur J Heart Fail 2002;4:311–20.PubMed
20.
Abraham WT, Fisher WG, Smith AL, et al. MIRACLE Study Group. Multicenter InSync Randomized Clinical Evaluation. Cardiac resynchronization in chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med 2002;346:1845–53.PubMed
21.
Young JB, Abraham WT, Smith AL, et al. Multicenter InSync ICD Randomized Clinical Evaluation (MIRACLE ICD) Trial Investigators. Combined cardiac resynchronization and implantable cardioversion defibrillation in advanced chronic heart failure: the MIRACLE ICD Trial. JAMA 2003;289:2685–94.PubMed
22.
Linde C, Braunschweig F, Gadler F, et al. Long-term improvements in quality of life by biventricular pacing in patients with chronic heart failure: results from the Multisite Stimulation in Cardiomyopathy study (MUSTIC). Am J Cardiol 2003;91:1090–5.PubMed
23.
Abraham WT. Cardiac resynchronization therapy: a review of clinical trials and criteria for identifying the appropriate patient. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2003;4(Suppl 2):S30-7.
24.
Bradley DJ, Bradley EA, Baughman KL, et al. Cardiac resynchronization and death from progressive heart failure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. JAMA 2003;289:730–40.PubMed
25.
Cleland JG, Daubert JC, Erdmann E, et al. The effect of cardiac resynchronization on morbidity and mortality in heart failure. N Engl J Med 2005;352(15):1539–49.PubMed
26.
Cleland JG, Daubert JC, Erdmann E, et al. Longer-term effects of cardiac resynchronization therapy on mortality in heart failure [the CArdiac REsynchronization-Heart Failure (CARE-HF) trial extension phase]. Eur Heart J 2006;27(16):1928–32.PubMed
27.
Bristow MR, Saxon LA, Boehmer J, et al. Cardiac-resynchronization therapy with or without an implantable defibrillator in advanced chronic heart failure. NEJM 2004;350:2140–50.PubMed
28.
Effect of enalapril on survival in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions and congestive heart failure. The SOLVD Investigators. N Engl J Med 1991;325:293–302.
29.
Effects of enalapril on mortality in severe congestive heart failure. Results of the Cooperative North Scandinavian Enalapril Survival Study (CONSENSUS). The CONSENSUS Trial Study Group. N Engl J Med 1987;316(23):1429–1435.
30.
Kannel WB, Abbott RD, Savage DD, McNamara PM. Epidemiologic features of chronic atrial fibrillation: the Framingham study. N Engl J Med 1982;306:1018–22.PubMed
31.
Vaziri SM, Larson MG, Benjamin EJ, Levy D. Echocardiographic predictors of nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation. The Framingham Heart Study. Circulation 1994;89:724–730.PubMed
32.
Wang TJ, Larson MG, Levy D, et al. Temporal relations of atrial fibrillation and congestive heart failure and their joint influence on mortality. The Framingham Heart Study. Circulation 2003;107:2920–5.PubMed
33.
Carson PE, Johnson GR, Dunkman WB, et al. The influence of atrial fibrillation on prognosis in mild to moderate heart failure. The V-HeFT Studies. The V-HeFT VA Cooperative Studies Group. Circulation 1993;87(6 Suppl):VI102-10.PubMed
34.
Liem KL, Lie KI, Durrer D, Wellens HJ. Clinical setting and prognostic significance of atrial fibrillation complicating acute myocardial infarction. Eur J Cardiol 1976;4(1):59–62.PubMed
Rationale and design of a study assessing treatment strategies of atrial fibrillation in patients with heart failure: the Atrial Fibrillation and Congestive Heart Failure (AF-CHF) trial. Am Heart J 2002;144:597–607.
36.
Gelder IC van, Hagens VE, Bosker HA, et al. A Comparison of Rate Control and Rhythm Control in Patients with Recurrent Persistent Atrial Fibrillation. N Engl J Med 2002;347:1834–40.PubMed
37.
Hagens VE, Crijns HJ, Veldhuisen DJ van, et al. Rate control versus rhythm control for patients with persistent atrial fibrillation with mild to moderate heart failure: results from the RAte Control versus Electrical cardioversion (RACE) study. Am Heart J 2005;149(6):1106–11.PubMed
38.
Gelder IC van, Veldhuisen DJ van, Crijns HJ, et al. RAte Control Efficacy in permanent atrial fibrillation: a comparison between lenient versus strict rate control in patients with and without heart failure. Background, aims, and design of RACE II. Am Heart J 2006;152(3):420–6.PubMed
39.
Li D, Fareh S, Ki Leung T, Nattel S. Promotion of Atrial Fibrillation by Heart Failure in Dogs. Atrial Remodeling of a Different Sort. Circulation 1999;100:87–95.PubMed
40.
Shi Y, Ducharme A, Li D, et al. Remodeling of atrial dimensions and emptying function in canine models of atrial fibrillation. Cardiovasc Res 2001;52:217–25.PubMed
41.
Li D, Shinagawa K, Pang L, et al. Effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition on the development of the atrial fibrillation substrate in dogs with ventricular tachypacing-induced congestive heart failure. Circulation 2001;104:2608–14.PubMed
42.
Shi Y, Li D, Tardif JC, Nattel S. Enalapril effects on atrial remodeling and atrial fibrillation in experimental congestive heart failure. Cardiovasc Res 2002;54:456–61.PubMed
43.
Pedersen OD, Bagger H, Kober L, Torp-Pedersen C. Trandolapril reduces the incidence of atrial fibrillation after acute myocardial infarction in patients with left ventricular disfunction. Circulation 1999;100:376–80.PubMed
44.
Vermes E, Tardif JC, Bourassa MG, et al. Enalapril Decreases the Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With Left Ventricular Disfunction. Insight From the Studies Of Left Ventricular Disfunction (SOLVD) Trials. Circulation 2003;107:1291–6.PubMed
45.
McMurray JJ, Dargie HJ, Ford I, et al. Carvedilol reduces supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias after myocardial infarction: evidence form the CAPRICORN study. Circulation 2001;104:II-700 (Abstract).
46.
Torp-Pedersen C, Moller M, Bloch-Thomsen PE, et al. Dofetilide in patients with congestive heart failure and left ventricular disfunction. Danish Investigations of Arrhythmia and Mortality on Dofetilide Study Group. N Engl J Med 1999;341:857–65.PubMed
47.
Brendorp B, Elming H, Jun L, et al. DIAMOND Study Group. Qtc interval as a guide to select those patients with congestive heart failure and reduced left ventricular systolic function who will benefit from antiarrhythmic treatment with dofetilide. Circulation 2001;103:1422–7.PubMed
48.
Pacifico A, Hohnloser SH, Williams JH, et al. Prevention of implantable-defibrillator shocks by treatment with sotalol. d,l-Sotalol Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Study Group. NEngl J Med 1999;340:1855–62.PubMed
49.
Berg MP van den, Crijns HJ, Veldhuisen DJ van, et al. Effects of lisinopril in patients with heart failure and chronic atrial fibrillation. J Cardiac Failure 1995;5:355–63.
50.
Gelder IC van, Tuinenburg AE, Schoonderwoerd BS, et al. Pharmacologic versus direct-current electrical cardioversion of atrial flutter and fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 1999;84:147R-151R.PubMed
51.
Kühlkamp V, Schirdewan A, Stangl K, et al. Use of metoprolol CR/XL to maintain sinus rhythm after conversion from persistent atrial fibrillation: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000;36:139–46.PubMed
52.
Weinfeld MS, Drazner MH, Stevenson WG, Stevenson LW. Early outcome of initiating amiodarone for atrial fibrillation in advanced heart failure. J Heart Lung Transplant 2002;19:638–43.
53.
Wyse DG, Waldo AL, DiMarco JP, et al. A comparison of rate control and rhythm control in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med 2002;347:1825–33.PubMed
54.
Lechat P, Hulot JS, Escolano S, et al., on behalf of the CIBIS II Investigators. Heart rate and cardiac rhythm relationships with bisoprolol benefit in chronic heart failure in CIBIS II trial. Circulation 2001;103:1428–33.PubMed
55.
Fuster V, Ryden LE, Cannom DS, et al. ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation. Europace 2006;8:651–745.PubMed
56.
Kjeldsen SE, Dahlof B, Rokkedal J, et al. Effects of losartan on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with isolated systolic hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy: a Losartan Intervention for Endpoint Reduction (LIFE) substudy. JAMA 2002;288(12):1491–8.PubMed
57.
Ehrlich JR, Nattel S, Hohnloser SH. Atrial fibrillation and congestive heart failure: specific considerations at the intersection of two common and important cardiac disease sets. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2002;13:399–405.PubMed
58.
Tops LF, Schalij MJ, Holman ER, Erven L van, Wall EE van der, Bax JJ. Right ventricular pacing can induce ventricular dyssynchrony in patients with atrial fibrillation after atrioventricular node ablation. JACC 2006;48:1642–8.PubMed
59.
Calkins H, Brugada J, Packer DL, et al. HRS/EHRA/ECAS Expert Consensus Statement on Catheter and Surgical Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation: Recommendations for Personnel, Policy, Procedures and Follow-Up Heart Rhythm. 2007, in press.
60.
Stevenson WG, Tedrow U. Management of atrial fibrillation in patients with heart failure. Heart Rhythm 2007;4(3suppl):s283-300.
61.
Pappone C, Rosanio S, Augello G, et al. Morbidity, and quality of life after circumferential pulmonary vein ablation for atrial fibrillation: outcomes from a controlled nonrandomized long-term study. JACC 2003;42:185–97PubMed
62.
Tops LF, Bax JJ, Zeppenfeld K, et al. Fusion of multislice computed tomography imaging with three-dimensional electroanatomic mapping to guide radiofrequency catheter ablation procedures. Heart Rhythm 2005;2(10):1076–81.PubMed
63.
Heidenreich PA, Keeffe B, McDonald KM, Hlatky MA. Overview of randomized trials of antiarrhythmic drugs and devices for the prevention of sudden cardiac death. Am Heart J 2002;144:422–30.PubMed
64.
Singh S, Fletcher R, Gisher S, et al. Amiodarone in patients with congestive heart failure and asymptomatic ventricular arrhythmia. N Engl J Med 1995;333:77–82.PubMed
65.
Doval H, Nul D, Grancellli H, et al. Randomized trial of low-dose amiodarone in severe congestive heart failure: Grupo BESICA. Lancet 1994;344:493–8.PubMed
66.
Breithardt G. Amiodarone in patients with heart failure. N Engl J Med 1995;333:121–2.PubMed
67.
Julian D, Camm A, Frangin G, et al. Randomised trial of effect of amiodarone on mortality in patients with left ventricular disfunction after recent myocardial infarction: EMIAT. Lancet 1997;349:667–74.PubMed
68.
Cairns J, Connolly S, Roberts R, Gent M. Randomised trial of outcomes after myocardial infarction in patients with frequent or repetitive ventricular premature depolarisations: CAMIAT. Lancet 1997;349:675–82.PubMed
69.
Effect of prophylactic amiodarone on mortality after acute myocardial infarction and in congestive heart failure: meta-analysis of individual data from 6500 patients in randomised trials. Amiodarone Trials Meta-Analysis Investigators. Lancet 1997;350:1417–24.
70.
Sim I, McDonald K, Lavori P, et al. Quantitative overview of randomised trials of amiodarone to prevent sudden cardiac death. Circulation 1997;96:2823–9.PubMed
71.
Waldo AL, Camm AJ, deRuyter H, et al. Effect of d-sotalol on mortality in patients with left ventricular disfunction after recent and remote myocardial infarction. The SWORD Investigators. Survival With Oral d-Sotalol. Lancet 1996;348:7–12.PubMed
72.
Singh BN. Antiarrhythmic actions of DL-sotalol in ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1992;20(Suppl 2): S75-90.PubMed
73.
Naitoh N, Yamaura M, Tagawa M, Aizawa Y. A comparison of electrophysiologic properties between responders and non-responders to DL-sotalol among patients with ventricular tachyarrhythmia. Importance of the lack of a reverse use-dependent effect on ventricular refractoriness to responders. Jpn Heart J 1998;39:619–30.PubMed
74.
Boriani G, Biffi M, Bacchi L, et al. A randomised cross-over study on the haemodynamic effects of oral dofetilide compared with oral sotalol in patients with ischaemic heart disease and sustained ventricular tachycardia. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2002;58:165–9.PubMed
75.
Auricchio A, Nisam S, Klein H. Perspectives: does amiodarone increase non-sudden deaths? If so, why? J Interv Cardiac Electrophy 2000;4:569–74.
76.
Kies P, Boersma E, Bax JJ, et al. Determinants of recurrent ventricular arrhythmia or death in 300 consecutive patients with ischemic heart disease who experienced aborted sudden death: data from the Leiden out-of-hospital cardiac arrest study. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2005;16:1049.PubMed
77.
Moller M, Torp-Pedersen CT, Kober L. Dofetilide in patients with congestive heart failure and left ventricular disfunction: safety aspects and effect on atrial fibrillation. The Danish Investigators of Arrhythmia and Mortality on Dofetilide (DIAMOND) Study Group. Congest Heart Fail 2001;7:146–50.PubMed
78.
Pedersen OD, Bagger H, Keller N, et al. Efficacy of dofetilide in the treatment of atrial fibrillation-flutter in patients with reduced left ventricular function: a Danish investigations of arrhythmia and mortality on dofetilide (diamond) substudy. Circulation 2001;104:292–6.PubMed
79.
Brendorp B, Elming H, Jun L, et al. The prognostic value of QTc interval and QT dispersion following myocardial infarction in patients treated with or without dofetilide. Clin Cardiol 2003;26:219–25.PubMed
80.
Ellison KE, Hafley GE, Hickey K, et al. Multicenter UnSustained Tachycardia Trial Investigators. Effect of beta-blocking therapy on outcome in the Multicenter UnSustained Tachycardia Trial (MUSTT). Circulation 2002;106:2694–9.PubMed
81.
Packer M, Fowler MB, Roecker EB, et al. Carvedilol Prospective Randomized Cumulative Survival (COPERNICUS) Study Group. Effect of carvedilol on the morbidity of patients with severe chronic heart failure: results of the carvedilol prospective randomized cumulative survival (COPERNICUS) study. Circulation 2002;106:2194–9.PubMed
82.
Bristow MR. ß-adrenergic receptor blockade in chronic heart failure. Circulation 2000;101:558–69.PubMed
83.
Bansch D, Antz M, Boczor S, et al. Primary prevention of sudden cardiac death in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: the Cardiomyopathy Trial (CAT). Circulation 2002;105:1453–8.PubMed
84.
Heyndrickx GR, Paulus WJ. Effect of asynchrony on left ventricular relaxation. Circulation 1990;81(2 Suppl):III41-7.PubMed
85.
Grines CL, Bashore TM, Boudoulas H, et al. Functional abnormalities in isolated left bundle branch block. The effect of interventricular asynchrony. Circulation 1989;79:845–53.PubMed
86.
St John Sutton MG, Plappert T, et al. Multicenter InSync Randomized Clinical Evaluation (MIRACLE) Study Group. Effect of cardiac resynchronization therapy on left ventricular size and function in chronic heart failure. Circulation 2003;107:1985–90.PubMed
87.
Ruskoaho H. Cardiac hormones as diagnostic tools in heart failure. Endocr Rev 2003;24:341–56.PubMed
88.
Kies P, Leclercq C, Bleeker GB, Crocq C, Molhoek SG, Poulain C, Erven L van, Bootsma M, Zeppenfeld K, Wall EE van der, Daubert JC, Schalij MJ, Bax JJ. Cardiac resynchronisation therapy in chronic atrial fibrillation: impact on left atrial size and reversal to sinus rhythm. Heart 2006;92(4):490–4. Epub 2005 Sep 13.PubMed
89.
Gasparini M, Auricchio A, Regoli F, et al. Four-year efficacy of cardiac resynchronization therapy on exercise tolerance and disease progression: the importance of performing atrioventricular junction ablation in patients with atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006;48(4):734–43. Epub 2006 Jul 24.PubMed
90.
Ypenburg C, Erven L van, Bleeker GB, Bax JJ, Bootsma M, Wijffels MC, Wall EE van der, Schalij MJ. Benefit of combined resynchronization and defibrillator therapy in heart failure patients with and without ventricular arrhythmias. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006;48(3):464–70. Epub 2006 Jul 12.PubMed
91.
Auricchio A, Spinelli JC. The Promise of Resynchronization Therapy. Who (and How Many) Will Benefit? Card Electrophysiol Rev 2003;7:17–26.PubMed
92.
Bax JJ, Molhoek SG, van Erven L, et al. Usefulness of myocardial tissue Doppler echocardiography to evaluate left ventricular dyssynchrony before and after biventricular pacing in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol 2003;91:94–7.PubMed
93.
Bax JJ, Abraham T, Barold SS, Breithardt OA, Fung JW, Garrigue S, Gorcsan J 3rd, Hayes DL, Kass DA, Knuuti J, Leclercq C, Linde C, Mark DB, Monaghan MJ, Nihoyannopoulos P, Schalij MJ, Stellbrink C, Yu CM. Cardiac resynchronization therapy: Part 1 - Issues before device implantation. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005;46(12):2153–67. Review.PubMed
94.
Bax JJ, Abraham T, Barold SS, Breithardt OA, Fung JW, Garrigue S, Gorcsan J 3rd, Hayes DL, Kass DA, Knuuti J, Leclercq C, Linde C, Mark DB, Monaghan MJ, Nihoyannopoulos P, Schalij MJ, Stellbrink C, Yu CM. Cardiac resynchronization therapy: Part 2 - Issues during and after device implantation and unresolved questions. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005;46(12):2168–82.PubMed
95.
Bleeker GB, Schalij MJ, Wall EE van der, Bax JJ. Postero-lateral scar tissue resulting in non-response to cardiac resynchronization therapy. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2006;17(8):899–901.PubMed
96.
Molhoek SG, Bax JJ, Erven L van, et al. Eligibility for biventricular pacing in patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator. Eur J Heart Fail 2003:5:315–7.PubMed
97.
Ypenburg C, Bax JJ, Wall EE van der, Schalij MJ, van Erven L. Intrathoracic impedance monitoring to predict decompensated heart failure. Am J Cardiol 2007;99(4):554–7. Epub 2007 Jan 2.PubMed
98.
Delacretaz E, Stevenson WG. Catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia in patients with coronary heart disease. Part II: Clinical aspects, limitations, and recent developments. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2001;24:1403–11.PubMed
99.
Della Bella P, De Ponti R, Uriarte JA, et al. Catheter ablation and antiarrhythmic drugs for haemodynamically tolerated post-infarction ventricular tachycardia; long-term outcome in relation to acute electrophysiological findings. Eur Heart J 2002;23:414–24.PubMed
100.
Borger van den Burg, Groot de, Erven L van, et al. Radiofrequency ablation of ventricular tachycardia. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2002;13:417.
101.
Pavri BB, Levi S. Management of patients with hemodynamically stable ventricular tachycardia in the setting of structural heart disease. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2002;13:424–6.PubMed
102.
Zeppenfeld K, Kies P, Wijffels MC, et al. Identification of successful catheter ablation sites in patients with ventricular tachycardia based on electrogram characteristics during sinus rhythm. Heart Rhythm 2005;2(9):940–50.PubMed
103.
Miller JM, Marchlinski FE, Harken AH, et al. Subendocardial resection for sustained ventricular tachycardia in the early period after acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 1985;55:980–4.PubMed
104.
Hemel NM van, Kingma JH, Defauw JJ, et al. Continuation of antiarrhythmic drugs, or arrhythmia surgery after multiple drug failures. A randomized trial in the treatment of postinfarction ventricular tachycardia. Eur Heart J 1996;17:564–73.PubMed
105.
Bakker PF, Lange F de, Hauer RN, et al. Sequential map-guided endocardial resection for ventricular tachycardia improves outcome. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2001;19:448–53.PubMed
106.
Dor V. Left ventricular reconstruction for ischemic cardiomyopathy. J Card Surg 2002;17:180–7.PubMed
107.
Romano MA, Bolling SF. Mitral Valve Repair as an Alternative Treatment for Heart Failure Patients. Heart Fail Monit 2003;4:7–12.PubMed
108.
Bax JJ, Braun J, Somer ST, et al. Annuloplasty and coronary revascularization in ischemic mitral regurgitation results in reverse left ventricular remodeling. Circulation 2004;110(11 Suppl 1):II103-8.PubMed
Metagegevens
Titel
Aritmie en Asynchronie Bij Hartfalen: Geneesmiddelen en Implantaten
Auteurs
Prof. Dr. M. J. Schalij
Prof. Dr. H. J. G. M. Crijns
Copyright
2007
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Boek
Leerboek hartfalen

Print ISBN: 978-90-313-5022-3

Elektronisch ISBN: 978-90-313-6347-6

Copyright: 2007

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-313-6347-6_5