Top

Quality of Life Research

Gepubliceerd in:

01-09-2012

The association between cumulative adversity and mental health: considering dose and primary focus of adversity

Auteurs: Giora Keinan, Amit Shrira, Dov Shmotkin

Gepubliceerd in: Quality of Life Research | Uitgave 7/2012

Abstract

Purpose

The study addressed the dose–response model in the association of cumulative adversity with mental health.

Method

Data of 1,725 participants aged 50+ were drawn from the Israeli component of the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe. Measures included an inventory of potentially traumatic events, distress (lifetime depression, depressive symptoms), and well-being (quality of life, optimism/hope).

Results

The maximal effect of cumulative trauma emerged in the contrast between 0–2 and 3+ events, where the higher number of events related to higher distress but also to higher well-being. While self-oriented adversity revealed no, or negative, association with well-being, other-oriented adversity revealed a positive association.

Conclusions

The study suggests an experiential dose of cumulative adversity leading to a co-activation of distress and well-being. The source of this co-activation seems to be other-oriented adversity.

vorige artikel The prevalence of hearing impairment and its burden on the quality of life among adults with Medicare Supplement Insurance

volgende artikel Reliability of adverse symptom event reporting by clinicians

Turner, R. J., & Lloyd, D. A. (1995). Lifetime traumas and mental health: The significance of cumulative adversity. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 36, 360–376.PubMedCrossRef

Green, B. L., Goodman, L. A., Krupnick, J. L., et al. (2000). Outcomes of single versus multiple trauma exposure in a screening sample. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 13, 271–286.PubMedCrossRef

Schnurr, P. P., Spiro, A., Vielhauer, M. J., et al. (2002). Trauma in the lives of older men: Findings from the normative aging study. Journal of Clinical Geropsychology, 8, 175–187.CrossRef

Cloitre, M., Stolbach, B. C., Herman, J. L., et al. (2009). A developmental approach to complex PTSD: Childhood and adult cumulative trauma as predictors of symptom complexity. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 22, 399–408.PubMedCrossRef

Courtois, C. A. (2004). Complex trauma, complex reactions: Assessment and treatment. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 41, 412–425.CrossRef

Dohrenwend, B. P., Turner, J. B., Turse, N. A., et al. (2006). The psychological risks of Vietnam for U. S. veterans: A revisit with new data and methods. Science, 313, 979–982.PubMedCrossRef

Mollica, R. F., Mcinnes, K., Pham, T., et al. (1998). The dose-effect relationships between torture and psychiatric symptoms in Vietnamese ex-political detainees and a comparison group. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 186, 543–553.PubMedCrossRef

Chipman, K. J., Palmieri, P. A., Canetti, D., et al. (2011). Predictors of posttraumatic stress-related impairment in victims of terrorism and ongoing conflict in Israel. Anxiety, Stress, and Coping, 24, 255–271.PubMedCrossRef

Harvey, P. D., & Yehuda, R. (1999). Strategies to study risk for the development of PTSD. In R. Yehuda (Ed.), Risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder (pp. 1–22). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.

10.

McNally, R. J. (2003). Progress and controversy in the study of posttraumatic stress disorder. Annual Review of Psychology, 54, 229–252.PubMedCrossRef

11.

Rosen, G. M., & Lilienfeld, S. O. (2008). Posttraumatic stress disorder: An empirical evaluation of core assumptions. Clinical Psychology Review, 28, 837–868.PubMedCrossRef

12.

Shevlin, M., Houston, J. E., Dorahy, M. J., et al. (2008). Cumulative traumas and psychosis: An analysis of the national comorbidity survey and the British psychiatric morbidity survey. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 34, 193–199.PubMedCrossRef

13.

Chapman, D. P., Whitfield, C. L., Felitti, V. J., et al. (2004). Adverse childhood experiences and the risk of depressive disorders in adulthood. Journal of Affective Disorders, 82, 217–225.PubMedCrossRef

14.

Breslau, N., Chilcoat, H. D., Kessler, R. C., et al. (1999). Previous exposure to trauma and PTSD effects of subsequent trauma: Results from the detroit area survey of trauma. American Journal of Psychiatry, 156, 902–907.PubMed

15.

American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.

16.

Breslau, N., Kessler, R. C., Chilicoat, H. D., et al. (1998). Trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder in the community: The 1996 detroit area survey of trauma. Archives of General Psychiatry, 55, 626–632.PubMedCrossRef

17.

Shmotkin, D., & Litwin, H. (2009). Cumulative adversity and depressive symptoms among older adults in Israel: The differential roles of self-oriented versus other-oriented events of potential trauma. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 44, 989–997.PubMedCrossRef

18.

Kira, I., Lewandowski, L., Somers, C. L., et al. (in press). The effects of trauma types, cumulative trauma, and PTSD on IQ in two highly traumatized adolescent groups. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy.

19.

Keyes, C. L. M. (2007). Promoting and protecting mental health as flourishing: A complementary strategy for improving national mental health. American Psychologist, 62, 95–108.PubMedCrossRef

20.

Kessler, R. C. (1997). The effects of stressful life events on depression. Annual Review of Psychology, 48, 191–214.PubMedCrossRef

21.

Krause, N. (2004). Lifetime trauma, emotional support, and life satisfaction among older adults. The Gerontologist, 44, 615–623.PubMedCrossRef

22.

Krause, N. (2005). Traumatic events and meaning in life: Exploring variations in three age cohorts. Aging and Society, 25, 501–524.CrossRef

23.

Royse, D., Rompf, E. L., & Dhooper, S. S. (1993). Childhood trauma and adult life satisfaction. Journal of Applied Social Sciences, 17, 179–189.

24.

Litwin, H., & Sapir, E. V. (2008). Israel: Diversity among population groups. In A. Börsch-Supan, A. Brugiavini, H. Jürges, et al. (Eds.), First results from the survey of health, ageing and retirement in Europe (2004–2007): Starting the longitudinal dimension (pp. 93–98). Mannheim: Mannheim Research Institute for the Economics of Aging.

25.

American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th edn. text revision). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.CrossRef

26.

Lloyd, D. A., & Turner, R. J. (2003). Cumulative adversity and posttraumatic stress disorder: Evidence from a diverse community sample of young adults. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 73, 381–391.PubMedCrossRef

27.

Robinson, J. S., & Larson, C. (2010). Are traumatic events necessary to elicit symptoms of posttraumatic stress? Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice and Policy, 2, 71–76.CrossRef

28.

Prince, M. J., Reischies, F., Beekman, A. T. F., et al. (1999). Development of the Euro-D scale—A European Union initiative to compare symptoms of depression in 14 European centres. British Journal of Psychiatry, 174, 330–338.PubMedCrossRef

29.

Hyde, M., Wiggins, R. D., & Blane, D. B. (2003). A measure of quality of life in early old age: The theory, development and properties of a needs satisfaction model (CASP-19). Aging and Mental Health, 7, 186–194.PubMedCrossRef

30.

Von Dem Knesebeck, O., Wahrendorf, M., Hyde, M., et al. (2007). Socio-economic position and quality of life among older people in 10 European countries: Results of the SHARE study. Aging and Society, 27, 269–284.CrossRef

31.

Scheier, M. F., Carver, C. S., & Bridges, M. W. (1994). Distinguishing optimism from neuroticism (and trait anxiety, self-mastery, and self-esteem): A reevaluation of the life orientation test. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 1063–1078.PubMedCrossRef

32.

Snyder, C. R., Harris, C., Anderson, J. R., et al. (1991). The will and the ways: Development and validation of an individual-differences measure of hope. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60, 570–585.PubMedCrossRef

33.

Amit, K., & Litwin, H. (2010). The subjective well-being of immigrants aged 50 and older in Israel. Social Indicators Research, 98, 89–104.CrossRef

34.

United Nations Educational Cultural Scientific Organisation (UNESCO). (1997). International standard classification of education 1997. Geneva: UNESCO.

35.

Brickman, P., & Coates, D. (1987). Commitment and mental health. In C. B. Wortman & R. Sorrentino (Eds.), Commitment, conflict, and caring (pp. 222–276). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

36.

Staub, E., & Vollhardt, J. (2008). Altruism born of suffering: The roots of caring and helping after victimization and other trauma. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 78, 267–280.PubMedCrossRef

37.

Brown, S. L., Smith, D. M., Schulz, R., et al. (2009). Caregiving behavior is associated with decreased mortality risk. Psychological Science, 20, 488–494.PubMedCrossRef

38.

Roth, D. L., Perkins, M., Wadley, V. G., et al. (2009). Family caregiving and emotional strain: Associations with quality of life in a large national sample of middle-aged and older adults. Quality of Life Research, 18, 679–688.PubMedCrossRef

39.

Bonanno, G. A. (2004). Loss, trauma, and human resilience: Have we underestimated the human capacity to thrive after extremely aversive events? American Psychologist, 59, 20–28.PubMedCrossRef

40.

Tedeschi, R. G., & Calhoun, L. G. (2004). Posttraumatic growth: Conceptual foundations and empirical evidence. Psychological Inquiry, 15, 1–18.CrossRef

41.

Updegraff, J. A., & Taylor, S. E. (2000). From vulnerability to growth: Positive and negative effects of stressful life events. In J. Harvey & E. Miller (Eds.), Loss and trauma: General and close relationship perspectives (pp. 3–28). Philadelphia, PA: Brunner-Routledge.

42.

Folkman, S., & Moskowitz, J. T. (2000). Positive affect and the other side of coping. American Psychologist, 55, 647–654.PubMedCrossRef

43.

Larsen, J. T., Hemenover, S. H., Norris, C. J., et al. (2003). Turning adversity to advantage: On the virtues of the coactivation of positive and negative emotions. In L. G. Aspinwall & U. M. Staudinger (Eds.), A psychology of human strengths: Fundamental questions and future directions for a positive psychology (pp. 211–225). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.CrossRef

44.

Cacioppo, J. T., Gardner, W. L., & Berntson, G. G. (1999). The affect system has parallel and integrative processing components: Form follows function. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76, 839–855.CrossRef

45.

Ryff, C. D., Singer, B., Love, G. D., et al. (1998). Resilience in adulthood and later life: Defining features and dynamic processes. In J. Lomranz (Ed.), Handbook of aging and mental health: An integrative approach (pp. 69–99). New York: Plenum.

46.

Shmotkin, D. (2005). Happiness in face of adversity: Reformulating the dynamic and modular bases of subjective well-being. Review of General Psychology, 9, 291–325.CrossRef

Titel: The association between cumulative adversity and mental health: considering dose and primary focus of adversity
Auteurs: Giora Keinan
Amit Shrira
Dov Shmotkin
Publicatiedatum: 01-09-2012
Uitgeverij: Springer Netherlands
Gepubliceerd in: Quality of Life Research / Uitgave 7/2012
Print ISSN: 0962-9343
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2649
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-011-0035-0

Andere artikelen Uitgave 7/2012

Confirmatory factor analysis of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) in Spanish adolescents

The prevalence of hearing impairment and its burden on the quality of life among adults with Medicare Supplement Insurance

Health-related quality of life changes associated with buprenorphine treatment for opioid dependence

Validation of the Japanese translation of the Swallowing Disturbance Questionnaire in Parkinson’s disease patients

Brief Communication

Impact of diabetes mellitus on quality of life in patients with congestive heart failure

Relationship between health-related quality of life and clustering of metabolic syndrome diagnostic components

Brief Communication