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2021 | OriginalPaper | Hoofdstuk

68. Sombere stemming

Auteurs : J. J. B. de Groot, MSc, Drs. F. A. W. van Raalten, Drs. M. van der Plas, Prof. dr. A. T. F. Beekman

Gepubliceerd in: Diagnostiek van alledaagse klachten

Uitgeverij: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

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Samenvatting

Bij klachten van een sombere stemming is het van belang om een onderscheid te maken tussen enerzijds een somber gevoel als invoelbare reactie op een psychosociaal probleem of overspanning en anderzijds een pathologische somberheid die niet in verhouding staat tot de uitlokkende factor qua ernst en duur van de klachten. De diagnose depressie wordt gesteld als aan specifieke criteria wordt voldaan. Een afzonderlijke categorie vormen de patiënten met een (meestal mildere) chronische vorm van somberheid: de persisterende depressieve stemmingsstoornis of dysthymie. Als er naast de depressie ook manische periodes voorkomen spreekt men van een bipolaire stemmingsstoornis. Ook een aantal somatische aandoeningen kan tot een sombere stemming leiden, evenals medicatie, en beginnende dementie. Het belangrijkste diagnosticum van de arts is de anamnese en het psychiatrisch onderzoek. De arts gaat hierbij altijd met behulp van gerichte vragen na of er een risico op suïcide aanwezig is. Specifieke klinische vragenlijsten, zoals de 4DKL-vragenlijst kunnen niet alleen de arts helpen bij het herkennen en diagnosticeren van een depressie, maar kunnen ook patiënten inzicht geven in de ernst van hun klachten en de resultaten van behandeling. Depressie, stress, angst en alcohol- of middelenmisbruik zijn vaak met elkaar verweven.
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Metagegevens
Titel
Sombere stemming
Auteurs
J. J. B. de Groot, MSc
Drs. F. A. W. van Raalten
Drs. M. van der Plas
Prof. dr. A. T. F. Beekman
Copyright
2021
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-368-2620-4_68