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Gepubliceerd in: Huisarts en wetenschap 7/2011

01-07-2011 | ONDERZOEK

Preventieve huisbezoeken bij kwetsbare ouderen

Auteurs: Hein van Hout, Aaltje Jansen, Harm van Marwijk, Marieke Pronk, Dinnus Frijters, Giel Nijpels

Gepubliceerd in: Huisarts en wetenschap | Uitgave 7/2011

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Samenvatting

Van Hout HPJ, Jansen APD, Van Marwijk HWJ, Pronk M, Frijters DF, Nijpels G. Preventieve huisbezoeken bij kwetsbare ouderen. Huisarts Wet 2011;54(7):366–74.

INLEIDING

De effectiviteit van preventieve huisbezoeken bij ouderen is omstreden. Geïndiceerde preventie door middel van huisbezoeken door verpleegkundigen zou gezondheidsproblemen mogelijk voorkomen wanneer men deze richt op een kwetsbare populatie, met hulp van op maat gemaakte zorgplannen.

METHODE

Wij voerden een individueel gerandomiseerd gecontroleerd onderzoek uit in 33 geblindeerde huisartsenpraktijken, over een periode van 18 maanden. Het onderzoek betrof 651 thuiswonende, kwetsbare ouderen (75-plus). Deelnemers met een score binnen het laagste kwartiel van ten minste 2 van de 6 zelfgerapporteerde gezondheidsdomeinen (COOP-WONCA-kaarten) merkten we als ‘kwetsbaar’ aan. We vergeleken de standaard-zorg met proactieve huisbezoeken door getrainde wijkverpleegkundigen. De verpleegkundige a) bepaalde de zorgbehoefte aan de hand van een multidimensionaal, geautomatiseerd geriatrisch instrument; b) stelde in overleg met de deelnemer zorgprioriteiten vast; c) ontwierp en voerde op maat gemaakte interventies uit; d) volgde de deelnemer door middel van telefoongesprekken en gemiddeld drie huisbezoeken.

RESULTATEN

Op geen van de uitkomstmaten (functionele gezondheid, (I)ADL-beperkingen, ziekenhuisopnamen, acute ziekenhuisbezoeken, institutionalisatie en mortaliteit) vonden we significante verschillen tussen de interventie- en de ‘gebruikelijke zorggroep’. Vooraf gedefinieerde subgroepanalyses lieten in de interventiegroep wel een hoger risico op ziekenhuisopname zien voor deelnemers met een slechtere gezondheid.

CONCLUSIE

We konden niet aantonen dat verpleegkundige huisbezoeken aan kwetsbare ouderen preventieve effecten hadden. Ziekenhuisopnamen namen toe in de kwetsbaarste groep. Onderzoek naar effectieve interventies voor kwetsbare ouderen behoeft een vervolg, wellicht in de richting van een geïntegreerdere zorgaanpak.
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Metagegevens
Titel
Preventieve huisbezoeken bij kwetsbare ouderen
Auteurs
Hein van Hout
Aaltje Jansen
Harm van Marwijk
Marieke Pronk
Dinnus Frijters
Giel Nijpels
Publicatiedatum
01-07-2011
Uitgeverij
Springer-Verlag
Gepubliceerd in
Huisarts en wetenschap / Uitgave 7/2011
Print ISSN: 0018-7070
Elektronisch ISSN: 1876-5912
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12445-011-0180-2

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