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Gepubliceerd in: Tijdschrift voor Psychotherapie 2/1997

01-04-1997

Over splitsen, splijten en dissociëren

Auteur: N. J. Nicolai

Gepubliceerd in: Tijdschrift voor Psychotherapie | Uitgave 2/1997

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Abstract

Splitsen als afweerstrategie is een centraal kenmerk van de borderline–persoonlijkheidsstoornis. Voor de dissociatieve stoornis is dissociëren een centraal kenmerk. Tussen deze beide afweervormen wordt in vele psychoanalytische theorieën geen onderscheid gemaakt, terwijl klinisch sprake is van een grote overlap in symptomatologie en verschijningsvorm tussen beide typen stoornissen. In dit artikel wordt betoogd, dat splitsen een algemeen afweermechanisme is, dat zich niet beperkt tot de zogenaamde vroege stoornissen en dat dezelfde dynamiek vertoont als dissociëren. Bij de borderline–persoonlijkheidsstoornis is sprake van een onvermogen tot integratie van verschillende zelf– en objectbeelden op grond van cognitieve en affectieve instabiliteit. Hierbij maakt het niet uit hoe deze zijn ontstaan. Bij zowel dissociatieve stoornissen als de borderline–persoonlijkheidsstoornissen wordt de relatie met vroeg–kinderlijk seksueel misbruik en mishandeling steeds beter geboekstaafd.
Voor de behandeling is echter van belang dat er een duidelijk onderscheid gemaakt wordt tussen borderline–persoonlijkheidsstoornissen en dissociatieve stoornissen. De behandeling van borderline–persoonlijkheidsstoornissen vereist een andere aanpak dan die van dissociatieve stoornissen. Op grond van literatuuronderzoek wordt geconcludeerd, dat het splitsen van objecten bij patiënten met een borderline–persoonlijkheidsstoornissen op een primitievere psychische organisatie terug te voeren lijkt dan dissociatie.
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Metagegevens
Titel
Over splitsen, splijten en dissociëren
Auteur
N. J. Nicolai
Publicatiedatum
01-04-1997
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Gepubliceerd in
Tijdschrift voor Psychotherapie / Uitgave 2/1997
Print ISSN: 0165-1188
Elektronisch ISSN: 1876-5637
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03061825

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