Skip to main content
Mijn bibliotheek
Shop
Nieuws Boeken Tijdschriften E-learning Web-tv Video Audio
Tips voor Mijn BSL
UITGEBREID ZOEKEN
Inloggen
Top
Child Psychiatry & Human Development
Gepubliceerd in: Child Psychiatry & Human Development 3/2011

01-06-2011 | Original Article

Psychopathology in African Unaccompanied Refugee Minors in Austria

Auteurs: Julia Huemer, Niranjan Karnik, Sabine Voelkl-Kernstock, Elisabeth Granditsch, Belinda Plattner, Max Friedrich, Hans Steiner

Gepubliceerd in: Child Psychiatry & Human Development | Uitgave 3/2011

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail
    Link delen
publish
Publiceer nu

Abstract

We assessed the prevalence of a range of psychopathology among African unaccompanied refugee minors (URMs) in Austria. Additionally, the predictive value of war exposure on PTSD symptoms was examined. Forty-one URMs were assessed with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview for children and adolescents, the Youth Self-Report, the UCLA PTSD Reaction Index and Facts About You. As expected, 56% of youth had at least one diagnosis by structured clinical interview. The most common diagnoses were adjustment disorder, PTSD and dysthymia. War affliction marginally predicted (p = 0.065) PTSD controlling for age and gender. URMs had high levels of psychopathology compared to norms. Their PTSD rates were somewhat lower than found in previous studies. We discuss methodological and substantive reasons for this finding. Future studies need to examine URMs across the entire diagnostic spectrum and employ multi-method designs to yield valid results. The psychopathology in URMs has clinical and forensic implications.
vorige artikel Parental and Peer Predictors of Social Anxiety in Youth
volgende artikel Maternal Anxiety, Behaviors, and Expectations During a Behavioral Task: Relation to Children’s Self-Evaluations
Literatuur
1.
2.
3.
Silove D (2004) The challenges facing mental health programs for post-conflict and refugee communities. Prehosp Disaster Med 19(1):90–96PubMed
4.
Thabet AA, Vostanis P (1999) Posttraumatic stress reactions in children of war. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 40:385–391PubMedCrossRef
5.
6.
Rousseau C, Drapeau A, Rahimi S (2003) The complexitiy of trauma response: a 4 year follow-up of adolescent Cambodian refugees. Child Abuse Negl 27(11):1277–1290PubMedCrossRef
7.
Thabet AA, Abed Y, Vostanis P (2002) Emotional problems in Palestinian children living in a war zone: a cross-sectional study. Lancet 359:1801–1804PubMedCrossRef
8.
9.
Betancourt TS, Khan KT (2008) The mental health of children affected by armed conflict: protective processes and pathways to resilience. Int Rev Psychiatry 20(3):317–328PubMedCrossRef
10.
Cauffman E, Feldman SS, Waterman J, Steiner H (1998) Posttraumatic stress disorder among female juvenile offenders. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 37(11):1209–1216PubMedCrossRef
11.
Steiner H, Garcia IG, Matthews Z (1997) Posttraumatic stress disorder in incarcerated juvenile delinquents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 36(3):357–365PubMedCrossRef
12.
Huemer J, Karnik NS, Voelkl-Kernstock S, Granditsch E, Dervic K, Friedrich MH, Steiner H (2009) Mental health issues in unaccompanied refugee minors. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2 3(1):13CrossRef
13.
Yehuda R, Flory JD, Southwick S, Charney DS (2006) Developing an agenda for translational studies of resilience and vulnerability following trauma exposure. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1071:379–396PubMedCrossRef
14.
Rutter M, Resilience in the face of adversity (1985) Protective factors and resistance to psychiatric disorder. Br J Psychiatry 147:598–611PubMedCrossRef
15.
Southwick SM, Vythilingam M, Charney DS (2005) The psychobiology of depression and resilience to stress: implications for prevention and treatment. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 1:255–291PubMedCrossRef
16.
Feder A, Nestler EJ, Charney DS (2009) Psychobiology and molecular genetics of resilience. Nat Rev Neurosci 10(6):446–457PubMedCrossRef
17.
18.
Copeland WE, Keeler G, Angold A, Costello EJ (2007) Traumatic events and posttraumatic stress in childhood. Arch Gen Psychiatry 64(5):577–584PubMedCrossRef
19.
20.
Betancourt TS, Khan KT (2008) The mental health of children affected by armed conflict: protective processes and pathways to resilience. Int Rev Psychiatry 20(3):317–328PubMedCrossRef
21.
Lund C, Flisher AJ (2006) Norms for mental health services in South Africa. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 41(7):587–594PubMedCrossRef
22.
Omigbodun OO (2004) Psychosocial issues in a child and adolescent psychiatric clinic population in Nigeria. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 39(8):667–672PubMedCrossRef
23.
Plattner B, The SS, Kraemer HC, Williams RP, Bauer SM, Kindler J, Feucht M, Friedrich MH, Steiner H (2007) Suicidality, psychopathology, and gender in incarcerated adolescents in Austria. J Clin Psychiatry 68(10):1593–1600PubMedCrossRef
24.
Sheehan DV, Lecrubier Y, Sheehan KH, Amorim P, Janavs J, Weiller E et al (1998) The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10. J Clin Psychiatry 59(20 suppl):22–33PubMed
25.
Achenbach TM, Rescorla LA (2001) Manual for the ASEBA preschool forms & profiles. University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
26.
Steinberg A, Brymer M, Decker K, Pynoos RS (2004) The University of California at Los Angeles posttraumatic stress disorder reaction index. Curr Psychiatry Rep 6:96–100PubMedCrossRef
27.
Roussos A, Goenjian AK, Steinberg AM, Sotiropoulou C, Kakaki M, Kabakos C et al (2005) Posttraumatic stress and depressive reactions after the 1999 Ano Liosia earthquake in Greece. Am J Psychiatry 162(3):530–537PubMedCrossRef
28.
Steiner H, Araujo KB, Koopman C (2001) The Response Evaluation Measure (REM-71): a new instrument for the measurement of defenses in adults and adolescents. Am J Psychiatry 158(3):467–473PubMedCrossRef
29.
Voelkl-Kernstock S, Huemer J, Karnik N, Granditsch E, Steiner H, Friedrich MH. Responses to conflict, family loss and flight: posttraumatic stress disorder among unaccompanied refugee minors from Africa (in submission)
30.
Karnik NS, Soller M, Redlich A, Silverman M, Kraemer HC, Haapanen R, Steiner H (2009) Prevalence of and gender differences in psychiatric disorders among juvenile delinquents incarcerated for nine months. Psychiatr Serv 60(6):838–841PubMedCrossRef
31.
Karnik NS, Jones PA, Campanaro AE, Haapanen R, Steiner H (2006) Ethnic variation of self-reported psychopathology among incarcerated youth. Community Ment Health J 42(5):477–486PubMedCrossRef
32.
Rousseau C, Said TM, Gagne MJ, Bibeau G (1998) Resilience in unaccompanied minors from the north of Somalia. Psychoanal Rev 85(4):615–637PubMed
33.
34.
Steiner H, Erickson SJ, MacLean P, Medic S, Plattner B, Koopman C (2007) Relationship between defenses, personality, and affect during a stress task in normal adolescents. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 38(2):107–119PubMedCrossRef
35.
Charney DS (2004) Psychobiological mechanisms of resilience and vulnerability: implications for successful adaptation to extreme stress. Am J Psychiatry 161(2):195–216PubMedCrossRef
36.
Derluyn I, Broekaert E (2007) Different perspectives on emotional and behavioural problems in unaccompanied refugee minors. Ethn Health 12(2):141–162PubMedCrossRef
37.
Derluyn I, Broekaert E (2008) Unaccompanied refugee children and adolescents: the glaring contrast between a legal and a psychological perspective. Int J Law Psychiatry 31(4):319–330PubMedCrossRef
38.
Steiner H, Karnik N, Plattner B, Silverman M, Shaw R (2007) Neue Ansatze zur Jugendlichen Delinquenz: Neurowissenschaften und Entwicklungs-Psychiatrie. In: Steinhausen HC, Bessler C (eds) Jugenddelinquenz: Interdisziplinaere Theorie und Praxis. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart
Metagegevens
Titel
Psychopathology in African Unaccompanied Refugee Minors in Austria
Auteurs
Julia Huemer
Niranjan Karnik
Sabine Voelkl-Kernstock
Elisabeth Granditsch
Belinda Plattner
Max Friedrich
Hans Steiner
Publicatiedatum
01-06-2011
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Child Psychiatry & Human Development / Uitgave 3/2011
Print ISSN: 0009-398X
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3327
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-011-0219-4

Andere artikelen Uitgave 3/2011

Child Psychiatry & Human Development 3/2011 Naar de uitgave

Original Article

Atomoxetine and Methylphenidate Treatment in Children with ADHD: The Efficacy, Tolerability and Effects on Executive Functions

Original Article

Acetyl-L-Carnitine as an Adjunctive Therapy in the Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children and Adolescents: A Placebo-Controlled Trial

Original Article

Maternal Anxiety, Behaviors, and Expectations During a Behavioral Task: Relation to Children’s Self-Evaluations

Original Article

Mothers’ Resolution of Their Young Children’s Psychiatric Diagnoses: Associations with Child, Parent, and Relationship Characteristics

Original Article

Reliability and Validity Evidence of Scores on the Slovene Version of the Questionnaire About Interpersonal Difficulties for Adolescents

Original Article

An Investigation of Control Among Parents of Selectively Mute, Anxious, and Non-Anxious Children