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Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology

Gepubliceerd in:

11-04-2023

Childhood Trauma and PTSD Symptoms: Disentangling the Roles of Emotion Regulation and Distress Tolerance

Auteurs: Jenna E. Russo, Deepali M. Dhruve, Arazais D. Oliveros

Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology | Uitgave 9/2023

Abstract

Research documents that a history of childhood trauma increases risk for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), greater emotion regulation difficulties (ERD), and reduced distress tolerance (DT). Independent lines of research implicate ERD and DT as transdiagnostic risk factors and link them to PTSD. To elucidate how such mechanisms may influence the etiology, maintenance, and treatment of PTSD, the current study investigates the distinct mediating roles of emotion regulation and DT, exploring which explains a larger indirect effect from childhood trauma to PTSD symptom severity. Participants (N = 385, aged 18–48) who endorsed a history of childhood trauma provided retrospective report of cumulative childhood trauma exposure, and of current ERD, DT, and PTSD symptom severity. Single and dual mediation analyses were used to assess indirect effects through ERD and DT in the relation between cumulative childhood trauma exposure and current PTSD symptom severity. ERD and DT were significantly and inversely related. Higher current self-ratings of PTSD symptom severity were explained by cumulative childhood trauma through ERD (B = 0.93, p < 0.001) and DT (B = 0.50, p < 0.05). The full model explained 36% of the variance in PTSD symptom severity. Current findings provide preliminary evidence of DT and emotion regulation (with specific facets identified) as distinct mechanisms in the development of PTSD. Of clinical relevance, current findings support post-trauma processing theories that contend individuals’ recovery requires accepting and learning to modulate trauma-related emotional states. Implications for methods of treatment and prevention are discussed.

vorige artikel Prenatal Stress Exposure Amplifies Effect of Maternal Suicidal Ideation on Early Childhood Behavioral Trajectories

volgende artikel The Role of Peer- and Self-Appraisals in the Association Between Maltreatment and Symptomatology

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Titel: Childhood Trauma and PTSD Symptoms: Disentangling the Roles of Emotion Regulation and Distress Tolerance
Auteurs: Jenna E. Russo
Deepali M. Dhruve
Arazais D. Oliveros
Publicatiedatum: 11-04-2023
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology / Uitgave 9/2023
Print ISSN: 2730-7166
Elektronisch ISSN: 2730-7174
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-023-01048-x

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