Top

Gepubliceerd in:

27-06-2023 | ORIGINAL PAPER

Brief Online Mindfulness- and Compassion-Based Inter-Care Program for Students During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Auteurs: Francisco J. Villalón, Maria Ivonne Moreno, Rita Rivera, Williams Venegas, Javiera V. Arancibia C., Adrian Soto, Alfredo Pemjean

Gepubliceerd in: Mindfulness | Uitgave 8/2023

Abstract

Objectives

The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on health, economy, and social networks had an impact on the whole population’s mental health, including students. The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a brief online mindfulness- and compassion-based inter-care intervention for medical students.

Methods

A randomized controlled trial was conducted with medical students (n=360) from a Chilean university with no prior meditation experience. An online assessment of well-being, anxiety, and depression symptoms was completed at the beginning, 1 month, and 3 months later. A general intervention (GI) was offered to the whole group including academic flexibility, breaks, and individual psychological help. For specific intervention, enrolled participants (n=120) were randomly assigned to (1) mindfulness-based inter-care intervention (IBAP, n=60) or (2) psychoeducational intervention (PSE, n=60) as an active control. Both interventions lasted 1 hr per week along 4 weeks, with homework assignments. The non-randomized third group (n=240) received only the GI, as a treatment-as-usual control group (TAU-GI).

Results

At baseline, IBAP and PSE groups had higher scores in depression symptoms than TAU-GI. IBAP and TAU-GI showed a significant reduction in depression (F(2)=17.44, p<0.001) and anxiety symptoms (F(2)=18.06, p<0.001), but not for the PSE group at first and 3 months. Compared to TAU-GI, IBAP showed a substantial reduction in depression symptoms at first month (U=24.89, p<0.05). An analysis of secondary variables showed improvements in the factors of mental health continuum and common humanity on the Self-Compassion Scale.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that brief online mindfulness- and compassion-based inter-care intervention, with academic flexibility and break, effectively promoted mental health among medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Preregistration

The protocol was enrolled in Clinicaltrial.gov with protocol ID NCT05011955.

vorige artikel Mindfulness in Persons with Mild Dementia and Their Caregivers: Exploring Trait Rumination as a Clinical Outcome Measure

volgende artikel Can Brief Online Mindfulness Programs Mitigate Healthcare Workers’ Burnout amid the COVID-19 Pandemic?

Baader, T. M., Molina, F. J. L., Venezian, S. B., Rojas, C. C., Farías, R. S., Fierro-Freixenet, C., Backenstrass, M., & Mundt, C. (2012). Validación y utilidad de la encuesta PHQ-9 (Patient Health Questionnaire) en el diagnóstico de depresión en pacientes usuarios de atención primaria en Chile. Revista chilena de neuro-psiquiatría, 50(1), 10–22. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-92272012000100002CrossRef

Beretta, L., & Santaniello, A. (2016). Nearest neighbor imputation algorithms: A critical evaluation. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, 16(3), 74. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-016-0318-zCrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Bishop, S. R. (2004). Mindfulness: A proposed operational definition. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 11(3), 230–241. https://doi.org/10.1093/clipsy/bph077CrossRef

Brooks, S. K., Webster, R. K., Smith, L. E., Woodland, L., Wessely, S., Greenberg, N., & Rubin, G. J. (2020). The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: Rapid review of the evidence. The Lancet, 395(10227), 912–920. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30460-8CrossRef

Campbell, D. T., & Stanley, J. C. (1963). Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for research. Wadsworth.

Damião Neto, A., Lucchetti, A. L. G., da Silva Ezequiel, O., & Lucchetti, G. (2020). Effects of a required large-group mindfulness meditation course on first-year medical students’ mental health and quality of life: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 35(3), 672–678. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-019-05284-0CrossRefPubMed

Davidson, R. J., & Kaszniak, A. W. (2015). Conceptual and methodological issues in research on mindfulness and meditation. American Psychologist, 70(7), 581–592. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0039512CrossRefPubMed

Demarzo, M., Montero-Marin, J., Puebla-Guedea, M., Navarro-Gil, M., Herrera-Mercadal, P., Moreno-González, S., Calvo-Carrión, S., Bafaluy-Franch, L., & Garcia-Campayo, J. (2017). Efficacy of 8- and 4-session mindfulness-based interventions in a non-clinical population: A controlled study. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1343. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01343CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Duan, W., & Li, J. (2016). Distinguishing dispositional and cultivated forms of mindfulness: Item-level factor analysis of Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire and construction of Short Inventory of Mindfulness Capability. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 1348. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01348CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Echeverría, G., Torres, M., & Pedrals, N. (2017). Validation of a Spanish version of the Mental Health Continuum-Short Form Questionnaire. Psicothema, 29(1), 96–102. https://doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2016.3CrossRefPubMed

Elmer, T., Mepham, K., & Stadtfeld, C. (2020). Students under lockdown: Comparisons of students’ social networks and mental health before and during the COVID-19 crisis in Switzerland. PloS ONE, 15(7), e0236337. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0236337CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Fernández, R. S., Crivelli, L., Guimet, N. M., Allegri, R. F., & Pedreira, M. E. (2020). Psychological distress associated with COVID-19 quarantine: Latent profile analysis, outcome prediction and mediation analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 277, 75–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.07.133CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

García-Campayo, J., Zamorano, E., Ruiz, M. A., Pardo, A., Pérez-Páramo, M., López-Gómez, V., Freire, O., & Rejas, J. (2010). Cultural adaptation into Spanish of the generalized anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale as a screening tool. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 8, 8. https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-8-8CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Germer, C., & Neff, K. (2019). Mindful self-compassion (MSC). In I. Ivtzan (Ed.), Handbook of mindfulness-based programmes (1st ed., pp. 357–367). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315265438-28

Gilmartin, H., Goyal, A., Hamati, M. C., Mann, J., Saint, S., & Chopra, V. (2017). Brief mindfulness practices for healthcare providers—A systematic literature review. The American Journal of Medicine, 130(10), 1219.e1–1219.e17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2017.05.041CrossRefPubMed

Goldberg, S. B., Tucker, R. P., Greene, P. A., Davidson, R. J., Wampold, B. E., Kearney, D. J., & Simpson, T. L. (2017). Mindfulness-based interventions for psychiatric disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 59, 52–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2017.10.011CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

González-García, M., Álvarez, J. C., Pérez, E. Z., Fernandez-Carriba, S., & López, J. G. (2021). Feasibility of a brief online mindfulness and compassion-based intervention to promote mental health among university students during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Mindfulness, 12(7), 1685–1695. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-021-01632-6CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Gonzalez-Hernandez, E, Harrison, T, & Fernandez-Carriba, S. (2019). CBCT®: A program of Cognitively-Based Compassion. In Laura Galiana & Noemi Sanso (Eds.), The Power of Compassion. New York: Nova Science Publishers.

Halperin, S. J., Henderson, M. N., Prenner, S., & Grauer, J. N. (2021). Prevalence of anxiety and depression among medical students during the Covid-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Medical Education and Curricular Development, 8, 238212052199115. https://doi.org/10.1177/2382120521991150CrossRef

Hernández-Torrano, D., Ibrayeva, L., Sparks, J., Lim, N., Clementi, A., Almukhambetova, A., Nurtayev, Y., & Muratkyzy, A. (2020). Mental health and well-being of university students: A bibliometric mapping of the literature. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1226. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01226CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Howarth, A., Smith, J. G., Perkins-Porras, L., & Ussher, M. (2019). Effects of brief mindfulness-based interventions on health-related outcomes: A systematic review. Mindfulness, 10(10), 1957–1968. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-019-01163-1CrossRef

Jazaieri, H., Jinpa, G. T., McGonigal, K., Rosenberg, E. L., Finkelstein, J., Simon-Thomas, E., Cullen, M., Doty, J. R., Gross, J. J., & Goldin, P. R. (2013). Enhancing compassion: A randomized controlled trial of a compassion cultivation training program. Journal of Happiness Studies, 14(4), 1113–1126. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-012-9373-zCrossRef

Kabat-Zinn, J. (2012). Vivir con plenitud las crisis: Cómo utilizar la sabiduría del cuerpo y de la mente para afrontar el estrés, el dolor y la enfermedad. In Programa de la Clínica de Reducción del Estrés del Centro Médico de la Universidad de Massachusetts. Editorial Kairós.

Kemper, K. J., & Rao, N. (2017). Brief online focused attention meditation training: Immediate impact. Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine, 22(3), 395–400. https://doi.org/10.1177/2156587216663565CrossRef

Keyes, C. L. M. (2002). The mental health continuum: From languishing to flourishing in life. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 43(2), 207–222. https://doi.org/10.2307/3090197CrossRefPubMed

Krägeloh, C. U. (2016). Importance of morality in mindfulness practice. Counseling and Values, 61(1), 97–110. https://doi.org/10.1002/cvj.12028CrossRef

Lomas, T., Medina, J. C., Ivtzan, I., Rupprecht, S., & Eiroa-Orosa, F. J. (2018). Mindfulness-based interventions in the workplace: An inclusive systematic review and meta-analysis of their impact upon wellbeing. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 14(5), 625–640. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2018.1519588

McClintock, A. S., McCarrick, S. M., Garland, E. L., Zeidan, F., & Zgierska, A. E. (2019). Brief mindfulness-based interventions for acute and chronic pain: A systematic review. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 25(3), 265–278. https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.2018.0351CrossRefPubMed

Molodynski, A., Lewis, T., Kadhum, M., Farrell, S. M., Lemtiri Chelieh, M., Falcão De Almeida, T., Masri, R., Kar, A., Volpe, U., Moir, F., Torales, J., Castaldelli-Maia, J. M., Chau, S. W. H., Wilkes, C., & Bhugra, D. (2021). Cultural variations in wellbeing, burnout and substance use amongst medical students in twelve countries. International Review of Psychiatry, 33(1-2), 37–42. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540261.2020.1738064CrossRefPubMed

Morr, C. E., Ritvo, P., Ahmad, F., Moineddin, R., & Team MVC. (2020). Effectiveness of an 8-week web-based mindfulness virtual community intervention for university students on symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression: Randomized controlled trial. JMIR Mental Health, 7(7), e18595. https://doi.org/10.2196/18595CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Mortari, L. (2019). Filosofia del Cuidado (1st ed.). Editorial Universidad del Desarrollo.

Neff, K. D. (2003). The development and validation of a scale to measure self-compassion. Self and Identity, 2(3), 223–250. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298860309027CrossRef

Neff, K. D., Kirkpatrick, K. L., & Rude, S. S. (2007). Self-compassion and adaptive psychological functioning. Journal of Research in Personality, 41(1), 139–154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2006.03.004CrossRef

Nwobi, F., & Akanno, F. (2021). Power comparison of ANOVA and Kruskal–Wallis tests when error assumptions are violated. Advances in Methodology and Statistics, 18(2), 53–71. https://doi.org/10.51936/ltgt2135

Ramada-Rodilla, J. M., Serra-Pujadas, C., & Delclós-Clanchet, G. L. (2013). Adaptación cultural y validación de cuestionarios de salud: Revisión y recomendaciones metodológicas. Salud Pública de México, 55(1), 57–66.CrossRefPubMed

Rotenstein, L. S., Ramos, M. A., Torre, M., Segal, J. B., Peluso, M. J., Guille, C., Sen, S., & Mata, D. A. (2016). Prevalence of depression, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation among medical students: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA, 316(21), 2214–2236. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2016.17324CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Saldivia, S., Aslan, J., Cova, F., Vicente, B., Inostroza, C., Rincón, P., Saldivia, S., Aslan, J., Cova, F., Vicente, B., Inostroza, C., & Rincón, P. (2019). Propiedades psicométricas del PHQ-9 (Patient Health Questionnaire) en centros de atención primaria de Chile. Revista médica de Chile, 147(1), 53–60. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0034-98872019000100053CrossRefPubMed

Segal, Z. V., Williams, J. M. G., Teasdale, J. D., & Kabat-Zinn, J. (2012). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depression (2nd ed.). The Guilford Press.

Skovlund, E., & Fenstad, G. U. (2001). Should we always choose a nonparametric test when comparing two apparently nonnormal distributions? Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 54(1), 86–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0895-4356(00)00264-XCrossRefPubMed

Tang, Y.-Y., Hölzel, B. K., & Posner, M. I. (2015). The neuroscience of mindfulness meditation. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 16(4), 213–225. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn3916CrossRefPubMed

Tian-Ci Quek, T., Wai-San Tam, W., X. Tran, B., Zhang, M., Zhang, Z., Su-Hui Ho, C., & Chun-Man Ho, R. (2019). The global prevalence of anxiety among medical students: A meta-analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(15), 2735. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16152735

Tomczak, M., & Tomczak, E. (2014). The need to report effect size estimates revisited. An overview of some recommended measures of effect size. Trends in Sport Sciences, 1(21),19–25.

van Dijk, I., Lucassen, P. L. B. J., Akkermans, R. P., van Engelen, B. G. M., van Weel, C., & Speckens, A. E. M. (2017). Effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction on the mental health of clinical clerkship students: A cluster-randomized controlled trial. Academic Medicine, 92(7), 1012–1021. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0000000000001546CrossRefPubMed

Van Gordon, W., Shonin, E., & Griffiths, M. D. (2015). Towards a second generation of mindfulness-based interventions. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 49(7), 591–592. https://doi.org/10.1177/0004867415577437CrossRef

Villalón, F. J., Cerda, M. I. M., Venegas, W. G., Amaro, A. A. S., & Campos, J. V. A. (2022). Presencia de síntomas de ansiedad y depresión en estudiantes de medicina durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Revista Médica de Chile, 150(8), 1018–1025. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0034-98872022000801018

Villalón, F. J. (2023). Mindfulness, compasión e intercuidado: Su marco conceptual. Pinelatinoamericana, 3(1), 42–53. https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/pinelatam/article/view/40756

Villalón, F. J. (In Press). Mindfulness, compasión e intercuidado: El programa de Inter cuidado basado en atención Plena (IBAP). Pinelatinoamericana, 3(2).

Villalón, F., Escaffi, M., & Correa, M. E. (In press). Validación de la escala Self Compassion Scale Short Form en profesionales y estudiantes de medicina en Chile. Revista Médica de Chile.

Villalón, F., Mundt, A., & Escaffi, M. (In Press). Validación de la escala Five Facets of Mindfulness Short Form en estudiantes y profesionales de medicina en Chile. Revista Médica de Chile.

Wang, Z.-H., Yang, H.-L., Yang, Y.-Q., Liu, D., Li, Z.-H., Zhang, X.-R., Zhang, Y.-J., Shen, D., Chen, P.-L., Song, W.-Q., Wang, X.-M., Wu, X.-B., Yang, X.-F., & Mao, C. (2020). Prevalence of anxiety and depression symptom, and the demands for psychological knowledge and interventions in college students during COVID-19 epidemic: A large cross-sectional study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 275, 188–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.06.034CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Wiederhold, B. K., Cipresso, P., Pizzioli, D., Wiederhold, M., & Riva, G. (2018). Intervention for physician burnout: A systematic review. Open Medicine, 13, 253–263. https://doi.org/10.1515/med-2018-0039CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Xiong, J., Lipsitz, O., Nasri, F., Lui, L. M. W., Gill, H., Phan, L., Chen-Li, D., Iacobucci, M., Ho, R., Majeed, A., & McIntyre, R. S. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health in the general population: A systematic review. Journal of Affective Disorders, 277, 55–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.08.001CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Titel: Brief Online Mindfulness- and Compassion-Based Inter-Care Program for Students During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Auteurs: Francisco J. Villalón
Maria Ivonne Moreno
Rita Rivera
Williams Venegas
Javiera V. Arancibia C.
Adrian Soto
Alfredo Pemjean
Publicatiedatum: 27-06-2023
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Mindfulness / Uitgave 8/2023
Print ISSN: 1868-8527
Elektronisch ISSN: 1868-8535
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-023-02159-8

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Preregistration

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Andere artikelen Uitgave 8/2023

Mindful Attention as a Mediator Between Smartphone Overuse and Depressive Symptoms for Up to 6 Months Among Young People: Findings from Two Separate Epidemiological and Longitudinal Community Studies

Mindfulness in Persons with Mild Dementia and Their Caregivers: Exploring Trait Rumination as a Clinical Outcome Measure

The Role of Trait Mindfulness in the Association between Loneliness and Psychological Distress

Correction to: Effects of Brief Mindfulness Meditation and Compassion Meditation on Parochial Empathy and Prosocial Behavior Toward Ethnic Out-Group Members

Effects of Mindful Parenting Program on the Executive Function and Resting State Brain Functional Connectivity for Parents of Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Family Incivility Impedes Interpersonal Adaptation and Increases Loneliness in Adolescents: Self-Compassion as a Mediator