Antibiotische profylaxe bij kinderen na een doorgemaakte urineweginfectie

Urine tract infections with or without vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a common disease in children. Although antibiotic prophylaxis is internationally accepted as a therapy for these children, there is no evidence supporting a protective effect. Recently published studies doubt the role of antibiotic prophylaxis in prevention of recurrent urine tract infections (UTI) in children with VUR. Although there is strong heterogeneity in methodology of the included studies, most results indicate a lack of protective effect by prophylaxis in these children. Furthermore, antibiotic prophylaxis is not protective in preventing long term renal damage. Children using prophylaxis can develop recurrent UTI caused by multi-resistant bacteria.