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2011 | OriginalPaper | Hoofdstuk

12 Evidence-based behandeling voor kinderen en adolescenten: aandachtspunten en commentaar¹

Auteurs : Thomas H. Ollendick, Neville J. King

Gepubliceerd in: Methoden en technieken van gedragstherapie bij kinderen en jeugdigen

Uitgeverij: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Samenvatting

Hoewel het streven naar evidence-based behandeling een revolutie op het gebied van de geestelijke gezondheidszorg heeft ontketend, is deze ontwikkeling van vrij recente datum (Chambless & Ollendick, 2001). Als we kijken naar enkele van de eerste onderzoeksresultaten en meningsverschillen in verband met het onderzoek naar psychotherapie, krijgen we een beter idee van de vraagstukken die bij deze ontwikkeling een rol spelen. In zijn bespreking van de effecten van psychotherapie bij volwassenen was Eysenck (1952) zo vrijmoedig om te stellen dat de psychotherapeutische praktijk van de jaren vijftig niet effectiever was dan het simpele verstrijken van de tijd (spontane remissie). Levitt (1957, 1963) besprak vervolgens de literatuur over psychotherapie bij kinderen en kwam tot dezelfde conclusie. Deze reviews brachten clinici en onderzoekers in verwarring, maar hebben het veld van de geestelijke gezondheidszorg wel wakker geschud (Kazdin, 2000). Sinds het verschijnen van deze reviews heeft het voortschrijdende onderzoek naar diverse vormen van psychopathologie, met alle ontwikkelingen in de diagnostiek en behandeling van die stoornissen, geresulteerd in ruim 1500 psychotherapeutische studies naar de psychische gezondheid van kinderen (Durlak et al., 1995; Kazdin, 2000; Ollendick, King & Chorpita, 2006) en vier haarscherpe meta-analyses over de effecten van psychotherapie bij kinderen (Casey & Berman, 1985; Kazdin et al., 1990; Weisz et al., 1987; Weisz et al., 1995). Deze meta-analyses hebben sterke empirische aanwijzingen opgeleverd dat psychotherapie bij kinderen en adolescenten werkt (Weersing & Weisz, 2002). Concreet komt nu uit systematische literatuuroverzichten naar voren dat psychotherapie bij kinderen en adolescenten betere resultaten geeft dan een wachtlijst-of aandachtplaceboconditie. Verder begint overduidelijk te worden dat sommige vormen van psychotherapie het beter doen dan andere, wat de klinische psychologie en psychiatrie van kind en adolescent in staat stelt om zich niet langer bezig te houden met de vraag of psychotherapie bij kinderen en adolescenten werkt, maar om na te gaan hoe werkzaam een concrete behandeling voor kinderen met specifieke emotionele, sociale en gedragsproblemen is.

vorige hoofdstuk 11 Nieuwe ontwikkelingen binnen de cognitieve gedragstherapie bij kinderen en adolescenten

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Titel: 12 Evidence-based behandeling voor kinderen en adolescenten: aandachtspunten en commentaar1
Auteurs: Thomas H. Ollendick
Neville J. King
Uitgeverij: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Boek: Methoden en technieken van gedragstherapie bij kinderen en jeugdigen
Print ISBN: 978-90-313-8974-2

Elektronisch ISBN: 978-90-313-8975-9

Copyright: 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-313-8975-9_12

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