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Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology

Gepubliceerd in:

03-11-2023

Proposed Specifiers for Conduct Disorder (PSCD) scale: A Latent Profile Analysis with At-Risk Adolescents

Auteurs: Craig S. Neumann, Randall T. Salekin, Ella Commerce, Nora E. Charles, Christopher T. Barry, Beatriz Mendez, Robert D. Hare

Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology | Uitgave 3/2024

Abstract

The Proposed Specifiers for Conduct Disorder (PSCD; Salekin in Pers Disord: Theory Res Treat 7:180–191, 2016) scale was designed to assess interrelated psychopathic trait domains in conjunction with symptoms of Conduct Disorder (CD) in children and adolescents (i.e., grandiose-manipulative, callous-unemotional, daring-impulsive). Variable-centered studies have provided support for a four-factor PSCD structure (Salekin et al. in Psychol Assess 34(10):985–992, 2022) in line with other adolescent and adult studies. The current person-centered study used latent profile analysis of the PSCD domains to examine whether theoretically meaningful and empirically robust PSCD subtypes emerged from a diverse sample (70.9% White, 20.1% Black, 3.6% Hispanic, and 5.4% other) of adolescents (modal age = 17) in a military style residential facility (N = 409; Males = 80.6%). As hypothesized, a four-class solution was best, consistent with adult psychopathy subtyping research (Hare et al. in Handbook of Psychopathy 39–79, 2018; Roy et al. in Pers Disord: Theory Res Treat, in press). The PSCD subtype profiles were uniform across sex and race/ethnicity. Adolescents evincing a psychopathic trait propensity profile (elevated on all four PSCD domains) displayed the greatest number of arrests and higher overall externalizing psychopathology, compared to the other three latent classes, as well as higher internalizing psychopathology compared to adolescents with general delinquency. The PSCD provides a sound measure of psychopathic trait propensities in youth and our results offer investigators and clinicians a means for understanding person-centered psychopathic traits versus antisocial profiles among at-risk adolescents. Taken together, the current results may offer a viable approach for examining specific treatment targets based on PSCD subtype profiles.

vorige artikel Functional Connectivity of the Nucleus Accumbens across Variants of Callous-Unemotional Traits: A Resting-State fMRI Study in Children and Adolescents

volgende artikel Associations Between Reward and Future-Related Orientations and General and Specific Mental Health Issues in Adolescence

As discussed by Correll et al. “Cohen offered definitions of t-shirt-like sizing: small, medium, and large effects. The idea was that, by using these definitions, a researcher could make a less-than-wild guess in the absence of data.” But at the same time, “offered these definitions as a last resort…”.

LPAs reported are for scales from the 13-item PSCD, given the strength of its model fit (Salekin et al., 2022). The same pattern of results was found when the scales from the 24-item PSCD were used. We also re-ran the MANOVA for class separation effect size with the PAI-A validity scales as covariates (available by request). The covariate effect was significant for the 24-item version, only for the CD scale with small effect size (η² = 0.03), but not the 13-item model. Still, class separation remained strong in both MANCOVAs (η² = 0.51; η² = 0.58, respectively).

MANOVAs for the external correlates with and without PAI-A validity indices as covariates were highly similar. The η²_’s for the subtype multivariate effect for INT/EXT DVs, and arrest number with vs. without covariates were: 0.13/0.15; 0.09/0.11. Notably, the psychopathic trait subtype also had significantly higher INT scores than the callous subtype (p < 0.05) when the covariates were used.

There were too few females in the psychopathic subtype profile for meaningful 2-factor (subtype x sex) MANOVA. However, additional Oneway ANOVAs carried out separately by sex revealed the same pattern of results as for the combined sample analyses.

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Titel: Proposed Specifiers for Conduct Disorder (PSCD) scale: A Latent Profile Analysis with At-Risk Adolescents
Auteurs: Craig S. Neumann
Randall T. Salekin
Ella Commerce
Nora E. Charles
Christopher T. Barry
Beatriz Mendez
Robert D. Hare
Publicatiedatum: 03-11-2023
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology / Uitgave 3/2024
Print ISSN: 2730-7166
Elektronisch ISSN: 2730-7174
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-023-01126-0

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