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Gepubliceerd in: Tijdschrift voor Kindergeneeskunde 3/2001

01-06-2001 | Artikelen

Moederlijke stress: effecten op de zwangerschap en het (ongeboren) kind

Auteurs: E. J. H. Mulder, A. C. Huizink, P. G. Robles de Medina, B. R. H. Van den Bergh, J. K. Buitelaar

Gepubliceerd in: Tijdschrift voor Kindergeneeskunde | Uitgave 3/2001

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Samenvatting

Dierexperimenten hebben overtuigend aangetoond dat moederlijke stress tijdens de zwangerschap nadelige effecten heeft op de zwangerschapsuitkomst (embryonale resorptie, misvormingen, groei) en leidt tot vroege programmering van hersenfuncties met permanente veranderingen in het gedrag (motorisch, cognitief, emotioneel, sociaal) en de neuro-endocriene regulatie van de nakomelingen. Recente, methodologisch goed uitgevoerde, onderzoeken bij de mens laten zien dat zwangere vrouwen met een verhoogd angst- of stressniveau een groter risico lopen op spontane abortus en premature weeënactiviteit, en op het krijgen van een misvormde of in-groei-vertraagde baby. Het is echter nog onduidelijk of blootstelling aan prenatale stress ook resulteert in functionele ontwikkelingsstoornissen in het latere leven, hoewel retrospectieve onderzoeken en een tweetal prospectieve onderzoeken met een nog bescheiden follow-up-periode dit suggereren. In een integratief model wordt aangegeven hoe signalen van moederlijke stress het foetale compartiment kunnen bereiken en hoe ze de foetale ontwikkeling en de zwangerschapsduur zouden kunnen beïnvloeden. Psychologische factoren lijken, naast de bekende biomedische risicofactoren, een negatief effect te hebben op het verloop van de zwangerschap en de ontwikkeling van het (ongeboren) kind. Deze problemen kunnen misschien verminderd of voorkomen worden door gerichte reductie van angst en stress bij zwangeren met een verhoogd psychologisch risico.
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Metagegevens
Titel
Moederlijke stress: effecten op de zwangerschap en het (ongeboren) kind
Auteurs
E. J. H. Mulder
A. C. Huizink
P. G. Robles de Medina
B. R. H. Van den Bergh
J. K. Buitelaar
Publicatiedatum
01-06-2001
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Gepubliceerd in
Tijdschrift voor Kindergeneeskunde / Uitgave 3/2001
Print ISSN: 0376-7442
Elektronisch ISSN: 1875-6840
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03061343

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