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Gepubliceerd in: Tijdschrift voor Kindergeneeskunde 3/2008

01-06-2008

Genetische basis, terminologie en het risico voor de ontwikkeling van kiemceltumoren bij stoornissen in de geslachtsontwikkeling

Auteurs: M. Cools, L. H. J. Looijenga, B. J. Otten, K. P. Wolffenbuttel, S. L. S. Drop

Gepubliceerd in: Tijdschrift voor Kindergeneeskunde | Uitgave 3/2008

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Samenvatting

De laatste jaren is significante vooruitgang geboekt in het onderzoek naar genen die betrokken zijn bij de normale geslachtsontwikkeling en hoe mutaties in deze genen leiden tot een stoornis in dit proces. Tevens is inzicht verkregen in het ontstaan van kiemceltumoren, die met een verhoogde frequentie voorkomen bij patiënten met bepaalde vormen van een gestoorde geslachtsontwikkeling. Tegelijk is de gangbare nomenclatuur en classificatie herzien. Dit artikel biedt een overzicht van de geslachtsontwikkeling en een update over de kennis van de genen die betrokken zijn bij, en aanleiding kunnen geven tot, een abnormaal verloop van dit proces. De vernieuwde nomenclatuur en classificatie, gebruikt sinds 2006, worden toegelicht. Ten slotte wordt het risico op de ontwikkeling van kiemceltumoren bij de verschillende vormen van deze aandoeningen besproken en wordt beschreven hoe recent onderzoek erin geslaagd is een risicoanalyse mogelijk te maken.
Vanuit psychologisch perspectief wordt de laatste jaren in toenemende mate het belang benadrukt om bij ernstige ondervirilisatie waar mogelijk te kiezen voor de mannelijke genderidentiteit. Patiëntenbelangenverenigingen pleiten voor een meer conservatief beleid met betrekking tot gonadectomie; er lijkt een vernieuwde interesse te groeien bij artsen, wetenschappers en overheidsinstanties voor het opzetten van internationale studies en samenwerkingsverbanden om het beleid bij patiënten met een gestoorde geslachtsontwikkeling te optimaliseren. De verwachting is dan ook dat al deze factoren samen in de komende jaren zullen leiden tot nieuwe richtlijnen met betrekking tot de optimale zorg voor patiënten bij wie de geslachtsontwikkeling abnormaal is verlopen.
Voetnoten
1
Primitieve organisatie van kiemcellen en gepolariseerde sertolicellen, gekenmerkt door activatie van SOX9.
 
2
Ook wel POU5F1 genoemd.
 
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Metagegevens
Titel
Genetische basis, terminologie en het risico voor de ontwikkeling van kiemceltumoren bij stoornissen in de geslachtsontwikkeling
Auteurs
M. Cools
L. H. J. Looijenga
B. J. Otten
K. P. Wolffenbuttel
S. L. S. Drop
Publicatiedatum
01-06-2008
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Gepubliceerd in
Tijdschrift voor Kindergeneeskunde / Uitgave 3/2008
Print ISSN: 0376-7442
Elektronisch ISSN: 1875-6840
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03078187

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