Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in: Verslaving 2/2009

01-06-2009 | Artikel

Bij alcoholmisbruik is thiaminesuppletie altijd gewenst

Auteur: Klaas Arts

Gepubliceerd in: Verslaving | Uitgave 2/2009

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Samenvatting

Bij chronische alcoholisten treedt vaak een gebrek aan thiamine (vitamine B1) op, als gevolg van een ongezond eetpatroon en resorptiestoornissen. Ernstig thiaminegebrek kan leiden tot een Wernicke-syndroom, een levensbedreigend ziektebeeld dat in de meerderheid van de gevallen leidt tot ernstige restschade: het syndroom van Korsakov. Een Wernicke-syndroom is veel moeilijker te diagnosticeren dan vroeger werd gedacht en de diagnose wordt daardoor meestal gemist. Minder ernstige vormen van thiaminegebrek leiden mogelijk tot cognitieve achteruitgang of persoonlijkheidsverandering, maar hiernaar is nauwelijks onderzoek gedaan. Thiamine is ook in hoge doseringen niet toxisch, zodat er goede redenen zijn om thiamine veel vroeger en in veel hogere doseringen aan alcoholisten voor te schrijven. In dit artikel wordt een nieuw beleid voor de suppletie van thiamine beschreven en onderbouwd.
Literatuur
go back to reference Arts, N.J.M. (2009). Wie een Wernicke-encefalopathie diagnosticeert, is altijd te laat. Verslaving, 5, 21-29. Arts, N.J.M. (2009). Wie een Wernicke-encefalopathie diagnosticeert, is altijd te laat. Verslaving, 5, 21-29.
go back to reference Brown, L.M., Rowe, A.E., Ryle, R.R., Majumdar, S.K., Thomson, A.D., & Shaw, G.K. (1983). Efficacy of vitamin supplementation in chronic alcoholics undergoing detoxification. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 18, 157-166. Brown, L.M., Rowe, A.E., Ryle, R.R., Majumdar, S.K., Thomson, A.D., & Shaw, G.K. (1983). Efficacy of vitamin supplementation in chronic alcoholics undergoing detoxification. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 18, 157-166.
go back to reference CBO/Trimbos Instituut (2007). Multidisciplinaire richtlijn: stoornissen in het gebruik van alcohol. Utrecht: Trimbos-instituut. CBO/Trimbos Instituut (2007). Multidisciplinaire richtlijn: stoornissen in het gebruik van alcohol. Utrecht: Trimbos-instituut.
go back to reference Committee on Safety of Medicines (1989). Parentrovite and allergic reactions. Current Problems, 24, 1. Committee on Safety of Medicines (1989). Parentrovite and allergic reactions. Current Problems, 24, 1.
go back to reference Cook, C.C., Hallwood, P.M., & Thomson, A.D. (1998) B-vitamin deficiency and neuropsychiatric syndromes in alcohol misuse. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 33, 317-336. Cook, C.C., Hallwood, P.M., & Thomson, A.D. (1998) B-vitamin deficiency and neuropsychiatric syndromes in alcohol misuse. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 33, 317-336.
go back to reference Day, E., Bentham, P., Callaghan, R., Kuruvilla, T., & George, S. (2004). Thiamine for Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome in people at risk from alcohol abuse. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CD004033. Day, E., Bentham, P., Callaghan, R., Kuruvilla, T., & George, S. (2004). Thiamine for Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome in people at risk from alcohol abuse. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CD004033.
go back to reference Drewe, J., Delco, F., Kissel, T., & Beglinger, C. (2003). Effect of intravenous infusions of thiamine on the disposition kinetics of thiamine and its pyrophosphate. Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, 28, 47-51. Drewe, J., Delco, F., Kissel, T., & Beglinger, C. (2003). Effect of intravenous infusions of thiamine on the disposition kinetics of thiamine and its pyrophosphate. Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, 28, 47-51.
go back to reference Expert Group on Vitamins and Minerals (2003). Safe upper levels for vitamins and minerals. EVM. Expert Group on Vitamins and Minerals (2003). Safe upper levels for vitamins and minerals. EVM.
go back to reference Gastaldi, G., Casirola, D., Ferrari, G., e.a. (1989). Effect of chronic ethanol administration on thiamine transport in microvillus vesicles of rat small intestine. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 24, 83-89. Gastaldi, G., Casirola, D., Ferrari, G., e.a. (1989). Effect of chronic ethanol administration on thiamine transport in microvillus vesicles of rat small intestine. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 24, 83-89.
go back to reference Harper, C.G., Giles, M., & Finlay-Jones, R. (1986). Clinical signs in the Wernicke-Korsakoff complex: A retrospective analysis of 131 cases diagnosed at necropsy. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 49, 341-345. Harper, C.G., Giles, M., & Finlay-Jones, R. (1986). Clinical signs in the Wernicke-Korsakoff complex: A retrospective analysis of 131 cases diagnosed at necropsy. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 49, 341-345.
go back to reference Jackson, R., & Teece, S. (2004). Best evidence topic report. Oral or intravenous thiamine in the emergency department. Emergency Medicine Journal, 21, 501-502. Jackson, R., & Teece, S. (2004). Best evidence topic report. Oral or intravenous thiamine in the emergency department. Emergency Medicine Journal, 21, 501-502.
go back to reference Lingford-Hughes, A.R., Welch, S., & Nutt, D.J. (2004). Evidence-based guidelines for the pharmacological management of substance misuse, addiction and comorbidity: Recommendations from the British Association for Psychopharmacology. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 18, 293-335. Lingford-Hughes, A.R., Welch, S., & Nutt, D.J. (2004). Evidence-based guidelines for the pharmacological management of substance misuse, addiction and comorbidity: Recommendations from the British Association for Psychopharmacology. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 18, 293-335.
go back to reference Martin, P.R., & Singleton, C.K. (2003). The role of thiamine deficiency in alcoholic brain disease. Alcohol Research and Health, 27, 134-142. Martin, P.R., & Singleton, C.K. (2003). The role of thiamine deficiency in alcoholic brain disease. Alcohol Research and Health, 27, 134-142.
go back to reference Sechi, G., & Serra A. (2007). Wernicke’s encephalopathy: New clinical settings and recent advances in diagnosis and management. Lancet Neurology, 6, 442-455 Sechi, G., & Serra A. (2007). Wernicke’s encephalopathy: New clinical settings and recent advances in diagnosis and management. Lancet Neurology, 6, 442-455
go back to reference Singleton, C.K., & Martin, P.R. (2001). Molecular mechanisms of thiamine utilization. Current Molecular Medicine, 1, 197-207. Singleton, C.K., & Martin, P.R. (2001). Molecular mechanisms of thiamine utilization. Current Molecular Medicine, 1, 197-207.
go back to reference Tallaksen, C.M.E., Bohmer, T., & Bell, H. (1992). Blood and serum thiamine and thiamine phosphate esters concentrations in patients with alcohol dependence syndrome before and after thiamine treatment. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 16, 320-325. Tallaksen, C.M.E., Bohmer, T., & Bell, H. (1992). Blood and serum thiamine and thiamine phosphate esters concentrations in patients with alcohol dependence syndrome before and after thiamine treatment. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 16, 320-325.
go back to reference Thomson, A.D. (1969). Studies of thiamine absorption in man. (PhD Thesis.) Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh. Thomson, A.D. (1969). Studies of thiamine absorption in man. (PhD Thesis.) Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh.
go back to reference Thomson, A.D. (2000). Mechanisms of vitamin deficiency in chronic alcohol misusers and the development of the Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 35, 2-7. Thomson, A.D. (2000). Mechanisms of vitamin deficiency in chronic alcohol misusers and the development of the Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 35, 2-7.
go back to reference Thomson, A.D., & Cook, C.C.H. (1997) Parental thiamine and Wernicke’s encephalopathy: The balance of risks and perception of concern. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 32, 207-209. Thomson, A.D., & Cook, C.C.H. (1997) Parental thiamine and Wernicke’s encephalopathy: The balance of risks and perception of concern. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 32, 207-209.
go back to reference Thomson, A.D., & Marshall, E.J. (2006a). The natural history and pathophysiology of Wernicke’s encephalopathy and Korsakoff’s psychosis. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 41, 151-158. Thomson, A.D., & Marshall, E.J. (2006a). The natural history and pathophysiology of Wernicke’s encephalopathy and Korsakoff’s psychosis. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 41, 151-158.
go back to reference Thomson, A.D., & Marshall, E.J. (2006b). The treatment of patients at risk of developing Wernicke’s encephalopathy in the community. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 41, 159-167. Thomson, A.D., & Marshall, E.J. (2006b). The treatment of patients at risk of developing Wernicke’s encephalopathy in the community. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 41, 159-167.
go back to reference Thomson, A.D., Baker, H., & Leevy, C.H. (1970). Patterns of 35S-thiamine hydrochloride absorption in the malnourished alcoholic patient. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine, 76, 34-45. Thomson, A.D., Baker, H., & Leevy, C.H. (1970). Patterns of 35S-thiamine hydrochloride absorption in the malnourished alcoholic patient. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine, 76, 34-45.
go back to reference Thomson, A.D., Cook, C.C.K., Touquet, R., e.a. (2002) The Royal College of Physicians report on alcohol: Guidelines for managing Wernicke’s encephalopathy in the accident and emergency department. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 37, 513-521. Thomson, A.D., Cook, C.C.K., Touquet, R., e.a. (2002) The Royal College of Physicians report on alcohol: Guidelines for managing Wernicke’s encephalopathy in the accident and emergency department. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 37, 513-521.
go back to reference Torvik, A., Lindboe, C.F., & Rogde, S. (1982). Brain lesions in alcoholics. A neuropathological study with clinical correlations. Journal of Neurological Sciences, 56, 233-248. Torvik, A., Lindboe, C.F., & Rogde, S. (1982). Brain lesions in alcoholics. A neuropathological study with clinical correlations. Journal of Neurological Sciences, 56, 233-248.
go back to reference Victor, M., Adams, R.D., & Collins, G.H. (1989). The Wernicke-Korsakoff-Syndrome and related neurologic disorders due to alcoholism and malnutrition (2nd Ed.). Philadelphia: Davis. Victor, M., Adams, R.D., & Collins, G.H. (1989). The Wernicke-Korsakoff-Syndrome and related neurologic disorders due to alcoholism and malnutrition (2nd Ed.). Philadelphia: Davis.
Metagegevens
Titel
Bij alcoholmisbruik is thiaminesuppletie altijd gewenst
Auteur
Klaas Arts
Publicatiedatum
01-06-2009
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Gepubliceerd in
Verslaving / Uitgave 2/2009
Print ISSN: 1574-1842
Elektronisch ISSN: 1875-7073
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03081433

Andere artikelen Uitgave 2/2009

Verslaving 2/2009 Naar de uitgave

Redactioneel

Redactioneel