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Gepubliceerd in: Bijblijven 2/2003

01-02-2003 | Artikelen

Achtergronden van de behandelingsadviezen bij hypercholesterolemiedyslipidemie

Auteur: Dr. M. D. Trip

Gepubliceerd in: Bijblijven | Uitgave 2/2003

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Samenvatting

De preventie van hart- en vaatziekten berust in de eerste plaats op het aanpakken van alle risicofactoren. Medicamenteuze behandeling van de dyslipidemie is aangewezen bij alle personen met een verhoogd risico van hart- en vaatziekten. In de praktijk betekent dit dat we cholesterolverlagende medicatie (statines) voorschrijven, niet alleen aan alle personen die reeds bekend zijn met atherosclerotisch vaatlijden, maar ook aan alle patiënten met diabetes mellitus en aan personen met een erfelijk verhoogd cholesterol, ongeacht hun leeftijd.
In het kader van primaire preventie bij personen met multipele risicofactoren als leeftijd, roken, hypertensie en een belaste familieanamnese berekenen we eerst het risico aan de hand van de risicotabel of ‘de regel van 8’. Volgens de huidige richtlijnen wordt bij een risico van meer dan 25% in tien jaar op het krijgen van hart- en vaatziekten het voorschrijven van een statine geadviseerd, vanzelfsprekend naast het reduceren van de overige risicofactoren.
Voor het in de bevolking terugdringen van de incidentie van hart- en vaatziekten is een verandering van onze ‘westerse’ levensstijl van levensbelang.
Voetnoten
1
Randomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients with coronary heart disease: the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S). Lancet 1994;344:1383-9.
 
2
Sacks FM, Pfeffer MA, Moye LA, Rouleau JL, Rutherford JD, Cole TG, et al. The effect of pravastatin on coronary events after myocardial infarction in patients with average cholesterol levels. Cholesterol and Recurrent Events Trial Investigators. N Engl J Med 1996;335:1001-9.
 
3
Shepherd J, Cobbe SM, Ford I, Isles CG, Lorimer AR, MacFarlance PW, et al. Prevention of coronary heart disease with pravastatin in men with hypercholesterolemia. West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study Group. N Engl J Med 1995;333:1301-7.
 
4
The Long-Term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischaemic Disease (lipid) Study Group. Prevention of cardiovascular events and death with pravastatin in patients with coronary heart disease and a broad range of initial cholesterol levels. N Engl J Med 1998;339:1349-57.
 
5
Downs JR, Clearfield M, Weis S, Withey E, Shapiro DR, Beere PA, et al. Primary prevention of acute coronary events with lovastatin in men and women with average cholesterol levels: result of afcaps/texCAPS. Air Force/Texas Coronary Atherosclerosis Prevention Study. jama 1998;279:1615-22.
 
6
Centraal Begeleidingsorgaan voor de Intercollegiale Toetsing (cbo). Behandeling en preventie van coronaire hartziekten door verlaging van de plasmacholesterolconcentratie. Consensus Cholesterol 1998. Utrecht: cbo, 1998.
 
7
Jones P, Kafonek S, Laurora I, Hunninghake D. Comparative dose efficacy study of atorvastatin versus simvastatin, pravastatin, lovastatin, fluvastatin in patients with hypercholesterolemia (the CURVES study). Am J Cardiol 1998;81:582-7.
 
8
Sacks FM, Pfeffer MA, Moye LA, Rouleau JL, Rutherford JD, Cole TG, et al. The effect of pravastatin on coronary events after myocardial infarction in patients with average cholesterol levels. Cholesterol and Recurrent Events Trial Investigators. N Engl J Med 1996;335:1001-9.
 
9
MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group. MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol-lowering therapy and of antioxidant vitamin supplementation in a wide range of patients at increased risk of coronary heart disease death: early safety and efficacy experience. Eur Heart J 1999;20:725-41.
 
10
MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group. MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol-lowering therapy and of antioxidant vitamin supplementation in a wide range of patients at increased risk of coronary heart disease death: early safety and efficacy experience. Eur Heart J 1999;20:725-41.
 
11
The Post Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Trial Investigators. The effect of aggressive lowering of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and low-dose anticoagulation on obstructive changes in saphenous-vein coronary-artery bypass grafts. N Engl J Med 1997;336:153-62.
 
12
Jacobson TA. ‘The lower the better’ in hypercholesterolaemia therapy: a reliable clinical guideline? Ann Intern Med 2000;13549-54.
 
13
Rubins HB, Robins SJ, Collins D, Fye CL, Anderson JW, Elam MB, et al, for the veterans Affairs High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Intervention Trial Study Group. Gemfibrozil for the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in men with low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. N Engl J Med 1999;341:410-8.
 
14
Haffner SM, Lehto S, Ronnemaa T, Pyorala K, Laakso M. Mortality from coronary heart disease in subjects with type 2 diabetes and in nondiabetic subjects with and without prior myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1998;339:229-34.
 
15
Goldbourt U, Yaari S, Medalie JH. Isolated low HDL cholesterol as a risk factor for coronary heart disease mortality: a 21-year follow-up of 8000 men. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1997;17:107-13.
 
16
Criqui MH, Triglycerides and cardiovascular disease. A focus on clinical trials. Eur Heart J 1998;19(Supp A):A36-9.
 
Literatuur
go back to reference Randomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients with coronary heart disease: the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S). Lancet 1994;344:1383-9. Randomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients with coronary heart disease: the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S). Lancet 1994;344:1383-9.
go back to reference Sacks FM, Pfeffer MA, Moye LA, Rouleau JL, Rutherford JD, Cole TG, et al. The effect of pravastatin on coronary events after myocardial infarction in patients with average cholesterol levels. Cholesterol and Recurrent Events Trial Investigators. N Engl J Med 1996;335:1001-9.CrossRefPubMed Sacks FM, Pfeffer MA, Moye LA, Rouleau JL, Rutherford JD, Cole TG, et al. The effect of pravastatin on coronary events after myocardial infarction in patients with average cholesterol levels. Cholesterol and Recurrent Events Trial Investigators. N Engl J Med 1996;335:1001-9.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Shepherd J, Cobbe SM, Ford I, Isles CG, Lorimer AR, MacFarlance PW, et al. Prevention of coronary heart disease with pravastatin in men with hypercholesterolemia. West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study Group. N Engl J Med 1995;333:1301-7.CrossRefPubMed Shepherd J, Cobbe SM, Ford I, Isles CG, Lorimer AR, MacFarlance PW, et al. Prevention of coronary heart disease with pravastatin in men with hypercholesterolemia. West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study Group. N Engl J Med 1995;333:1301-7.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference The Long-Term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischaemic Disease (lipid) Study Group. Prevention of cardiovascular events and death with pravastatin in patients with coronary heart disease and a broad range of initial cholesterol levels. N Engl J Med 1998;339:1349-57. The Long-Term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischaemic Disease (lipid) Study Group. Prevention of cardiovascular events and death with pravastatin in patients with coronary heart disease and a broad range of initial cholesterol levels. N Engl J Med 1998;339:1349-57.
go back to reference Downs JR, Clearfield M, Weis S, Withey E, Shapiro DR, Beere PA, et al. Primary prevention of acute coronary events with lovastatin in men and women with average cholesterol levels: result of afcaps/texCAPS. Air Force/Texas Coronary Atherosclerosis Prevention Study. jama 1998;279:1615-22.CrossRefPubMed Downs JR, Clearfield M, Weis S, Withey E, Shapiro DR, Beere PA, et al. Primary prevention of acute coronary events with lovastatin in men and women with average cholesterol levels: result of afcaps/texCAPS. Air Force/Texas Coronary Atherosclerosis Prevention Study. jama 1998;279:1615-22.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Centraal Begeleidingsorgaan voor de Intercollegiale Toetsing (cbo). Behandeling en preventie van coronaire hartziekten door verlaging van de plasmacholesterolconcentratie. Consensus Cholesterol 1998. Utrecht: cbo, 1998. Centraal Begeleidingsorgaan voor de Intercollegiale Toetsing (cbo). Behandeling en preventie van coronaire hartziekten door verlaging van de plasmacholesterolconcentratie. Consensus Cholesterol 1998. Utrecht: cbo, 1998.
go back to reference Jones P, Kafonek S, Laurora I, Hunninghake D. Comparative dose efficacy study of atorvastatin versus simvastatin, pravastatin, lovastatin, fluvastatin in patients with hypercholesterolemia (the CURVES study). Am J Cardiol 1998;81:582-7.CrossRefPubMed Jones P, Kafonek S, Laurora I, Hunninghake D. Comparative dose efficacy study of atorvastatin versus simvastatin, pravastatin, lovastatin, fluvastatin in patients with hypercholesterolemia (the CURVES study). Am J Cardiol 1998;81:582-7.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group. MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol-lowering therapy and of antioxidant vitamin supplementation in a wide range of patients at increased risk of coronary heart disease death: early safety and efficacy experience. Eur Heart J 1999;20:725-41. MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group. MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol-lowering therapy and of antioxidant vitamin supplementation in a wide range of patients at increased risk of coronary heart disease death: early safety and efficacy experience. Eur Heart J 1999;20:725-41.
go back to reference The Post Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Trial Investigators. The effect of aggressive lowering of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and low-dose anticoagulation on obstructive changes in saphenous-vein coronary-artery bypass grafts. N Engl J Med 1997;336:153-62. The Post Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Trial Investigators. The effect of aggressive lowering of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and low-dose anticoagulation on obstructive changes in saphenous-vein coronary-artery bypass grafts. N Engl J Med 1997;336:153-62.
go back to reference Jacobson TA. ‘The lower the better’ in hypercholesterolaemia therapy: a reliable clinical guideline? Ann Intern Med 2000;13549-54. Jacobson TA. ‘The lower the better’ in hypercholesterolaemia therapy: a reliable clinical guideline? Ann Intern Med 2000;13549-54.
go back to reference Rubins HB, Robins SJ, Collins D, Fye CL, Anderson JW, Elam MB, et al, for the veterans Affairs High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Intervention Trial Study Group. Gemfibrozil for the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in men with low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. N Engl J Med 1999;341:410-8.CrossRefPubMed Rubins HB, Robins SJ, Collins D, Fye CL, Anderson JW, Elam MB, et al, for the veterans Affairs High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Intervention Trial Study Group. Gemfibrozil for the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in men with low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. N Engl J Med 1999;341:410-8.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Haffner SM, Lehto S, Ronnemaa T, Pyorala K, Laakso M. Mortality from coronary heart disease in subjects with type 2 diabetes and in nondiabetic subjects with and without prior myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1998;339:229-34.CrossRefPubMed Haffner SM, Lehto S, Ronnemaa T, Pyorala K, Laakso M. Mortality from coronary heart disease in subjects with type 2 diabetes and in nondiabetic subjects with and without prior myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1998;339:229-34.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Goldbourt U, Yaari S, Medalie JH. Isolated low HDL cholesterol as a risk factor for coronary heart disease mortality: a 21-year follow-up of 8000 men. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1997;17:107-13.PubMed Goldbourt U, Yaari S, Medalie JH. Isolated low HDL cholesterol as a risk factor for coronary heart disease mortality: a 21-year follow-up of 8000 men. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1997;17:107-13.PubMed
go back to reference Criqui MH, Triglycerides and cardiovascular disease. A focus on clinical trials. Eur Heart J 1998;19(Supp A):A36-9.PubMed Criqui MH, Triglycerides and cardiovascular disease. A focus on clinical trials. Eur Heart J 1998;19(Supp A):A36-9.PubMed
Metagegevens
Titel
Achtergronden van de behandelingsadviezen bij hypercholesterolemiedyslipidemie
Auteur
Dr. M. D. Trip
Publicatiedatum
01-02-2003
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Gepubliceerd in
Bijblijven / Uitgave 2/2003
Print ISSN: 0168-9428
Elektronisch ISSN: 1876-4916
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03059692

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