ABSTRACT
As online marketplaces adopt new technologies to encourage consumers’ purchases (e.g., one-click purchases), the number of consumers who impulsively buy products also increases. Although some interventions have been introduced for consumers’ self-controlled purchases, there have been few studies that evaluate the effectiveness of the techniques in the real environment. In this paper, we conducted an online survey with 118 consumers in their 20s to investigate their impulse buying behaviors and self-control strategies. Based on the survey results and literature surveys, we developed interventions that can assist consumers in controlling their online purchase habits, including Reflection, Distraction, Desire Reduction, and Salient Cost. For evaluation, we enrolled 107 participants in a user study on a real-world e-commerce site. The results indicate that all interventions were effective in reducing impulse buying urges, with variations in user experiences. Our findings and design implications are discussed.
- 2020 (accessed June 5th, 2020). Auction. https://www.auction.co.krGoogle Scholar
- 2020 (accessed June 5th, 2020). Coupang. https://www.coupang.comGoogle Scholar
- 2020 (accessed June 5th, 2020). Interpark. http://www.globalinterpark.com/Google Scholar
- 2020 (accessed June 5th, 2020). Naver. https://www.naver.comGoogle Scholar
- 2020 (accessed June 5th, 2020). Tmon. https://www.tmon.co.krGoogle Scholar
- 2020 (accessed June 5th, 2020). WemMakePrice. https://www.wemakeprice.comGoogle Scholar
- 2020 (accessed Sep 18th, 2020). Business Insider. https://www.businessinsider.com/the-demographics-of-who-shops-online-and-on-mobile-2014-8Google Scholar
- Thomas Adelaar, Susan Chang, Karen M. Lancendorfer, Byoungkwan Lee, and Mariko Morimoto. 2003. Effects of Media Formats on Emotions and Impulse Buying Intent. Journal of Information Technology 18, 4 (2003), 247–266.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Icek Ajzen 1991. The theory of planned behavior. Organizational behavior and human decision processes 50, 2 (1991), 179–211.Google Scholar
- Anocha Aribarg, Neeraj Arora, and H Onur Bodur. 2002. Understanding the role of preference revision and concession in group decisions. Journal of Marketing Research 39, 3 (2002), 336–349.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Sharon E. Beatty and M. [Elizabeth Ferrell]. 1998. Impulse buying: Modeling its precursors. Journal of Retailing 74, 2 (1998), 169 – 191.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Richard A Block, Peter A Hancock, and Dan Zakay. 2010. How cognitive load affects duration judgments: A meta-analytic review. Acta psychologica 134, 3 (2010), 330–343.Google Scholar
- Tommy K.H. Chan, Christy M.K. Cheung, and Zach W.Y. Lee. 2017. The state of online impulse-buying research: A literature analysis. Information & Management 54, 2 (2017), 204 – 217.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Sandy Dawson and Minjeong Kim. 2010. Cues on apparel web sites that trigger impulse purchases. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management 14 (2010), 230–246.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Utpal M Dholakia, Mahesh Gopinath, Richard P Bagozzi, and Rajan Nataraajan. 2006. The role of regulatory focus in the experience and self-control of desire for temptations. Journal of Consumer Psychology 16, 2 (2006), 163–175.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Helga Dittmar, Karen Long, and Rod Bond. 2007. When a better self is only a button click away: Associations between materialistic values, emotional and identity–related buying motives, and compulsive buying tendency online. Journal of social and clinical psychology 26, 3 (2007), 334–361.Google ScholarCross Ref
- William B Dodds, Kent B Monroe, and Dhruv Grewal. 1991. Effects of price, brand, and store information on buyers’ product evaluations. Journal of marketing research 28, 3 (1991), 307–319.Google Scholar
- Dhruv Grewal, Kent B Monroe, and Ramayya Krishnan. 1998. The effects of price-comparison advertising on buyers’ perceptions of acquisition value, transaction value, and behavioral intentions. Journal of marketing 62, 2 (1998), 46–59.Google Scholar
- Michelle Y. T. Gwee and Klarissa T. T. Chang. 2013. Developing E-Loyalty Amongst Impulsive Buyers via Social Influence on Group Buying Websites. In 17th Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems, PACIS 2013, Jeju Island, Korea, June 18-22, 2013. 141.Google Scholar
- Sandra G Hart and Lowell E Staveland. 1988. Development of NASA-TLX (Task Load Index): Results of empirical and theoretical research. In Advances in psychology. Vol. 52. 139–183.Google Scholar
- Jacqueline J Kacen and Julie Anne Lee. 2002. The influence of culture on consumer impulsive buying behavior. Journal of consumer psychology 12, 2 (2002), 163–176.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Jaejeung Kim, Joonyoung Park, Hyunsoo Lee, Minsam Ko, and Uichin Lee. 2019. LocknType: Lockout Task Intervention for Discouraging Smartphone App Use. In Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 1–12.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Predrag Klasnja, Sunny Consolvo, and Wanda Pratt. 2011. How to evaluate technologies for health behavior change in HCI research. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems. 3063–3072.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Statistics Korea. 2020 (accessed June 5th, 2020). A Statistics Survey on Consumer Price Index. https://kosis.kr/statHtml/statHtml.do?orgId=101&tblId=DT_1J17112Google Scholar
- Sienna Kossman. 2020 (accessed June 5th, 2020). Survey: 5 in 6 Americans admit to impulse buys. https://www.creditcards.com/credit-card-news/impulse-buy-survey/Google Scholar
- Marios Koufaris. 2002. Applying the Technology Acceptance Model and Flow Theory to Online Consumer Behavior. Information Systems Research 13, 2 (2002), 205–223.Google ScholarDigital Library
- YT lab. 2019 (accessed June 5th, 2020). A Survey on Consumption Expenditure Pattern and Propensity of Korean Consumers in Their 20th. https://simplicable.com/new/impulse-buyingGoogle Scholar
- Eun-Ju Lee, Hanah Choi, Jinghe Han, Dong Hyun Kim, Eunju Ko, and Kyung Hoon Kim. 2020. How to “Nudge” your consumers toward sustainable fashion consumption: An fMRI investigation. Journal of Business Research(2020).Google Scholar
- Ruixue Liu. 2018. Mindful Shopping : A Compulsive Buying Disorder Management tool.Google Scholar
- Yong Liu, Hongxiu Li, and Feng Hu. 2013. Website attributes in urging online impulse purchase: An empirical investigation on consumer perceptions. Decision Support Systems 55, 3 (2013), 829 – 837.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Xueming Luo. 2005. How Does Shopping With Others Influence Impulsive Purchasing?Journal of Consumer Psychology 15, 4 (2005), 288–294.Google Scholar
- Ulrik Lyngs, Kai Lukoff, Petr Slovak, William Seymour, Helena Webb, Marina Jirotka, Jun Zhao, Max Van Kleek, and Nigel Shadbolt. 2020. “I Just Want to Hack Myself to Not Get Distracted”. Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (2020).Google ScholarDigital Library
- Ritch Macefield. 2007. Usability studies and the Hawthorne Effect. Journal of usability studies 2, 3 (2007), 145–154.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Nicole L Mead and Vanessa M Patrick. 2016. The taming of desire: Unspecific postponement reduces desire for and consumption of postponed temptations.Journal of personality and social psychology 110, 1(2016), 20.Google Scholar
- Carol Moser. 2018. Impulse Buying: Interventions to Support Self-control with E-commerce. 1–4.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Carol Moser. 2020. Impulse Buying: Designing for Self-Control with E-commerce. Ph.D. Dissertation.Google Scholar
- Carol Moser, Sarita Schoenebeck, and Paul Resnick. 2019. Impulse Buying: Design Practices and Consumer Needs. 1–15.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Thomas C O’Guinn and Ronald J Faber. 1989. Compulsive buying: A phenomenological exploration. Journal of consumer research 16, 2 (1989), 147–157.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Ashley S Otto, Brennan Davis, Kirk Wakefield, Joshua J Clarkson, and J Jeffrey Inman. 2020. Consumer Strategies to Improve the Efficacy of Posted Calorie Information: How Provincial Norms Nudge Consumers to Healthier Consumption. Journal of Consumer Affairs 54, 1 (2020), 311–341.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Francis Piron. 1991. Defining Impulse Purchasing. Association for Consumer Research 18 (1991), 509–514.Google Scholar
- Cait Poynor and Kelly L Haws. 2009. Lines in the sand: The role of motivated categorization in the pursuit of self-control goals. Journal of Consumer Research 35, 5 (2009), 772–787.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Rebecca K Ratner and Barbara E Kahn. 2002. The impact of private versus public consumption on variety-seeking behavior. Journal of Consumer Research 29, 2 (2002), 246–257.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Brand Reputation Report. 2020 (accessed Feb 5th, 2020). Domestic Open Market Brand 2020 Jan Big Data Analysis. http://www.rekorea.net/bbs/board.php?bo_table=repu6&wr_id=1309Google Scholar
- Dennis W. Rook. 1987. The Buying Impulse. Journal of Consumer Research 14, 2 (1987), 189–199.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Dennis W Rook and Robert J Fisher. 1995. Normative influences on impulsive buying behavior. Journal of consumer research 22, 3 (1995), 305–313.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Avani Shah, Kyle Rhoads Kraemer, Cho Rong Won, Sheila R. Black, and Will Hasenbein. 2018. Developing Digital Intervention Games for Mental Disorders: A Review.Games for health journal 7 4 (2018), 213–224.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Piyush Sharma, Bharadhwaj Sivakumaran, and Roger Marshall. 2010. Impulse buying and variety seeking: A trait-correlates perspective. Journal of Business Research 63, 3 (2010), 276–283.Google ScholarCross Ref
- John Spacey. 2017 (accessed May 3rd, 2020). 8 Types of Impulse Buying. https://simplicable.com/new/impulse-buyingGoogle Scholar
- Hawkins Stern. 1962. The significance of impulse buying today. Journal of marketing 26, 2 (1962), 59–62.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Huimin Tan, Xingyang Lv, Xiaoyan Liu, and Dogan Gursoy. 2018. Evaluation nudge: Effect of evaluation mode of online customer reviews on consumers’ preferences. Tourism Management 65(2018), 29–40.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Richard H Thaler and Cass R Sunstein. 2009. Nudge: Improving decisions about health, wealth, and happiness.Google Scholar
- Bas Verplanken and Astrid Herabadi. 2001. Individual differences in impulse buying tendency: Feeling and no thinking. European Journal of personality 15, S1 (2001), S71–S83.Google Scholar
- John D. Wells, D. Veena Parboteeah, and Joseph S. Valacich. 2011. Online Impulse Buying: Understanding the Interplay between Consumer Impulsiveness and Website Quality. Journal of the Association of Information Systems 12, 1 (2011), 32–56.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Seungoog Weun, Michael A. Jones, and Sharon E. Beatty. 1998. Development and Validation of the Impulse Buying Tendency Scale. Psychological Reports 82, 3_suppl (1998), 1123–1133.Google Scholar
- Sunghwan Yi and Hans Baumgartner. 2011. Coping with guilt and shame in the impulse buying context. Journal of Economic Psychology 32, 3 (2011), 458 – 467.Google ScholarCross Ref
Recommendations
Impulse Buying: Interventions to Support Self-control with E-commerce
CHI EA '18: Extended Abstracts of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsImpulse buying is a common behavior that can result in financial strain and feelings of regret and shame. Despite this and consumers' expressed desire to curb impulse buying, HCI and consumer behavior research has yet to explore technological ...
Impulse Buying: Design Practices and Consumer Needs
CHI '19: Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsE-commerce sites have an incentive to encourage impulse buying, even when not in the consumer's best interest. This study investigates what features e-commerce sites use to encourage impulse buying and what tools consumers desire to curb their online ...
Consumption Self-Control by Rationing Purchase Quantities of Virtue and Vice
Consumers' attempts to control their unwanted consumption impulses influence many everyday purchases with broad implications for marketers' pricing policies. Addressing theoreticians and practitioners alike, this paper uses multiple empirical methods to ...
Comments