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Originalia

Eingebildete Häßlichkeit: die Körperdysmorphe Störung aus psychologischer Sicht

Published Online:April 01, 2001https://doi.org/10.1026/0084-5345.30.2.77

Abstract

Zusammenfassung.Theoretischer Hintergrund: Die Körperdysmorphe Störung (KDS) ist durch intensive und belastende Beschäftigung mit einem “eingebildeten“ Mangel in der äußeren Erscheinung gekennzeichnet. Fragestellung: Anliegen dieser Arbeit ist es, eine Übersicht zum aktuellen Kenntnisstand zu geben. Methode: Es werden die Ergebnisse der bislang durchgeführten Forschung ausgewertet. Ergebnisse: Die KDS wird gegenwärtig als somatoforme Störung klassifiziert, diskutiert wird auch die Zuordnung zu einem Spektrum der Zwangsstörungen. Die Prävalenz ist möglicherweise wesentlich höher, als bislang vermutet. Es bestehen hohe Komorbiditäten mit anderen Angst- und affektiven Störungen. Zur Ätiologie der KDS werden sowohl somatische als auch kognitiv-behaviorale Theorien diskutiert. Erste kontrollierte Behandlungsstudien weisen auf die Effektivität kognitiv-verhaltenstherapeutischer Ansätze hin. Schlußfolgerungen: Das derzeit noch lükkenhafte Verständnis der Ätiologie und Behandlung der KDS könnte durch Forschungsansätze der klinischen und experimentellen Psychologie erheblich verbessert werden.


Imagined ugliness: Body dysmorphic disorder from a psychological view

Abstract.Background: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is characterized by an excessive and distressful preoccupation with an imagined defect in physical appearance. Objective: The current knowledge about this disorder is reviewed. Method: The findings of recent research on BDD are examined. Results: Currently classified as a somatoform disorder, BDD also shares similarities with other disorders defined as obsessive-compulsive spectrum. It is probably more common than generally realized. High comorbidity rates have been found with depression, anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder. With regard to its etiology, somatic and cognitive-behavioral theories are presented. Preliminary results of treatment studies indicate that cognitive-behavioral approaches might be effective in reducing symptoms. Conclusion: The fragmentary understanding of the etiology and the development of treatment approaches might be improved using research methods of clincial and experimental psychology.

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