Top

Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology

Gepubliceerd in:

18-12-2023

Subtypes of Depressed Youth Admitted for Inpatient Psychiatric Care: A Latent Profile Analysis

Auteurs: Jeffrey S. Garofano, Lindsay Borden, Kathryn Van Eck, Rick Ostrander, Carisa Parrish, Marco Grados, Erika A. Chiappini, Elizabeth K. Reynolds

Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology | Uitgave 5/2024

Abstract

Depressed youth frequently present with comorbid symptoms. Comorbidity is related to a poorer prognosis, including treatment resistance, academic problems, risk of suicide, and overall impairment. Studies examining the latent structure of depression support the notion of multiple presentations of depressed youth; however, it is unclear how these presentations are represented among acutely impaired youth. Participants (n = 457) in this naturalistic study were admitted to a psychiatric inpatient unit (Mean age = 14.33 years, SD = 1.94;76% female;46.6% Black/African-American). Selected subscales from the parent-report Behavior Assessment System for Children, Second Edition, were utilized as indicators in a latent profile analysis. Subgroups were validated based on their relationships with meaningful clinical correlates (e.g., family factors, discharge diagnosis) and further described by their associations with demographic variables. A five-class model provided the best balance of fit and parsimony. Subtypes of depressed youth included Predominantly Depressed (39.1%), Oppositional (28.2%), Severely Disruptive (12.3%), Anxious-Oppositional (11.6%), and Anxious-Withdrawn (8.8%). Comorbid symptoms were present in four of the five classes (60.9% of sample). High levels of externalizing symptoms were a prominent clinical feature associated with three classes (52.1% of the sample). Construct validity of the respective classes was demonstrated by differential association with clinical correlates, family characteristics, and demographics. Findings suggest that depressed youth presenting for acute inpatient psychiatric care displayed varied clinical presentations. The identified latent groups aligned with existing research reflecting comorbidity with anxiety, inattention, and externalizing disorders. Findings underscore the need for an increased clinical appreciation of comorbidity and encourage more targeted and effective prevention and treatment strategies.

vorige artikel Bibliometric Trends and Thematic Areas in Research on Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome in Children: A Comprehensive Review

volgende artikel The Degree of Fluctuations in Maternal Depressive Symptoms in Early Childhood is Associated with Children’s Depression Risk: Initial Evidence and Replication Between Two Independent Samples

Abidin, R. R. (1995). Parenting Stress Index (3rd ed.). Psychological Assessment Resources.

Adrian, M., Kiff, C., Glazner, C., Kohen, R., Tracy, J. H., Zhou, C., & Vander Stoep, A. (2015). Examining gene–environment interactions in comorbid depressive and disruptive behavior disorders using a Bayesian approach. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 68, 125–133.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

Angold, A., & Costello, E. J. (1993). Depressive comorbidity in children and adolescents. American Journal of Psychiatry, 150(12), 1779–1791.PubMedCrossRef

Angold, A., Costello, E. J., & Erkanli, A. (1999). Comorbidity. The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 40(1), 57–87.PubMedCrossRef

Bagner, D. M., & Eyberg, S. M. (2003). Father involvement in parent training: When does it matter? Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 32(4), 599–605.PubMedCrossRef

Baptista, M. N., Cunha, F., & Hauck, N. (2019). The latent structure of depression symptoms and suicidal thoughts in Brazilian youths. Journal of Affective Disorders, 254, 90–97.PubMedCrossRef

Bilek, E. L., & Ehrenreich-May, J. (2012). An open trial investigation of a transdiagnostic group treatment for children with anxiety and depressive symptoms. Behavior Therapy, 43(4), 887–897.PubMedCrossRef

Blackman, G. L., Ostrander, R., & Herman, K. C. (2005). Children with ADHD and depression: A multisource, multimethod assessment of clinical, social, and academic functioning. Journal of Attention Disorders, 8(4), 195–207.

Capron, D. W., Allan, N. P., Ialongo, N. S., Leen-Feldner, E., & Schmidt, N. B. (2015). The depression distress amplification model in adolescents: A longitudinal examination of anxiety sensitivity cognitive concerns, depression and suicidal ideation. Journal of Adolescence, 41, 17–24.

Chen, M. H., Pan, T. L., Hsu, J. W., Huang, K. L., Su, T. P., Li, C. T., & Bai, Y. M. (2016). Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder comorbidity and antidepressant resistance among patients with major depression: a nationwide longitudinal study. European Neuropsychopharmacology, 26(11), 1760–1767.

Chen, R., Huang, Y., & Yu, M. (2021). The latent profile analysis of Chinese adolescents’ depression: Examination and validation. Children and Youth Services Review, 125, 106006.CrossRef

Costello, E. J., Mustillo, S., Erkanli, A., Keeler, G., & Angold, A. (2003). Prevalence and development of psychiatric disorders in childhood and adolescence. Archives of General Psychiatry, 60(8), 837–844.

Cummings, C. M., Caporino, N. E., & Kendall, P. C. (2014). Comorbidity of anxiety and depression in children and adolescents: 20 years after. Psychological Bulletin, 140(3), 816.PubMedCrossRef

Daviss, W. B. (2008). A review of comorbid depression in pediatric ADHD: Etiologies, phenomenology, and treatment. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 18(6), 565–571.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

Doyle, A., Ostrander, R., Skare, S., Crosby, R. D., & August, G. J. (1997). Convergent and criterion-related validity of the behavior assessment system for children-parent rating scale. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 26(3), 276–284.PubMedCrossRef

DuPaul, G. J., Morgan, P. L., Farkas, G., Hillemeier, M. M., & Maczuga, S. (2016). Academic and social functioning associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Latent class analyses of trajectories from kindergarten to fifth grade. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 44(7), 1425–1438.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

Elmore, A. L., & Crouch, E. (2020). The association of adverse childhood experiences with anxiety and depression for children and youth, 8 to 17 years of age. Academic Pediatrics, 20(5), 600–608.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

Fava, M., Rush, A. J., Alpert, J. E., Balasubramani, G. K., Wisniewski, S. R., Carmin, C. N., & Trivedi, M. H. (2008). Difference in treatment outcome in outpatients with anxious versus nonanxious depression: a STAR* D report. American Journal of Psychiatry, 165(3), 342–351.

Ferguson, S. L., Moore, G., & E. W., & Hull, D. M. (2020). Finding latent groups in observed data: A primer on latent profile analysis in Mplus for applied researchers. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 44(5), 458–468.CrossRef

Flores, S. M., Salum, G. A., & Manfro, G. G. (2014). Dysfunctional family environments and childhood psychopathology: The role of psychiatric comorbidity. Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 36, 147–151.PubMedCrossRef

García-Escalera, J., Valiente, R. M., Sandín, B., Ehrenreich-May, J., Prieto, A., & Chorot, P. (2020). The unified protocol for transdiagnostic treatment of emotional disorders in adolescents (UP-A) adapted as a school-based anxiety and depression prevention program: An initial cluster randomized wait-list-controlled trial. Behavior Therapy, 51(3), 461–473.PubMedCrossRef

Ghandour, R. M., Sherman, L. J., Vladutiu, C. J., Ali, M. M., Lynch, S. E., Bitsko, R. H., & Blumberg, S. J. (2019). Prevalence and treatment of depression, anxiety, and conduct problems in US children. The Journal of Pediatrics, 206, 256–267.PubMedCrossRef

Graham, J. W. (2009). Missing data analysis: Making it work in the real world. Annual Review of Psychology, 60, 549–576.PubMedCrossRef

Gustavson, K., Torvik, F. A., Eilertsen, E. M., Ask, H., McAdams, T. A., Hannigan, L. J., & Gjerde, L. C. (2021). Genetic and environmental contributions to co-occurring ADHD and emotional problems in school-aged children. Developmental Psychology, 57(8), 1359.

Herman, K. C., Borden, L., Reinke, W. M., & Webster-Stratton, C. (2011). The impact of the Incredible Years parent, child, and teacher training programs on children’s co-occurring internalizing symptoms. School Psychology Quarterly, 26, 189–201.

Herman, K. C., Ostrander, R., Walkup, J. T., Silva, S. G., & March, J. S. (2007). Empirically derived subtypes of adolescent depression: Latent profile analysis of co-occurring symptoms in the Treatment for Adolescents with Depression Study (TADS). Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 75(5), 716.PubMedCrossRef

Johnstone, K. M., Kemps, E., & Chen, J. (2018). A meta-analysis of universal school-based prevention programs for anxiety and depression in children. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 21(4), 466–481.PubMedCrossRef

Karlsson, L., Pelkonen, M., Ruuttu, T., Kiviruusu, O., Heilä, H., Holi, M., & Marttunen, J. M. (2006). Current comorbidity among consecutive adolescent psychiatric outpatients with DSM-IV mood disorders. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry., 15, 220–231. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-006-0526-7. PubMed: 16502209.CrossRef

Knappe, S., Beesdo, K., Fehm, L., Höfler, M., Lieb, R., & Wittchen, H. U. (2009). Do parental psychopathology and unfavorable family environment predict the persistence of social phobia? Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 23(7), 986–994.PubMedCrossRef

Kwong, A. S., López-López, J. A., Hammerton, G., Manley, D., Timpson, N. J., Leckie, G., & Pearson, R. M. (2019). Genetic and environmental risk factors associated with trajectories of depression symptoms from adolescence to young adulthood. JAMA Network Open, 2(6), e196587–e196587.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

Leadbeater, B., Thompson, K., & Gruppuso, V. (2012). Co-occurring trajectories of symptoms of anxiety, depression, and oppositional defiance from adolescence to young adulthood. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 41(6), 719–730.CrossRef

Lewinsohn, P. M., Rohde, P., Seeley, J. R. (1995). Adolescent psychopathology: III. The clinical consequences of comorbidity. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 34, 510–9. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199504000-00018. PubMed: 7751265.

Lo, Y., Mendell, N. R., & Rubin, D. B. (2001). Testing the number of components in a normal mixture. Biometrika, 820148(3), 767–778.CrossRef

Lopizzo, N., Bocchio Chiavetto, L., Cattane, N., Plazzotta, G., Tarazi, F. I., Pariante, C. M., & Cattaneo, A. (2015). Gene–environment interaction in major depression: Focus on experience-dependent biological systems. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 6, 68.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

March, J., Silva, S., Petrycki, S., Curry, J., Wells, K., Fairbank, J., & Severe, J. (2004). Fluoxetine, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and their combination for adolescents with depression: Treatment for Adolescents with Depression Study (TADS) randomized controlled trial. JAMA, 292(7), 807–820.PubMedCrossRef

Mattingly, G., Wilson, J., Ugarte, L., & Glaser, P. (2020). Individualization of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder treatment: Pharmacotherapy considerations by age and co-occurring conditions. CNS Spectrums, 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1092852919001822

McLachlan, G. J., & Peel, D. (2000, June). Mixtures of factor analyzers. In Proceedings of the seventeenth international conference on machine learning (pp. 599−606).

Merry, S. N., Hetrick, S. E., Cox, G. R., Brudevold-Iversen, T., Bir, J. J., & McDowell, H. (2012). Cochrane Review: Psychological and educational interventions for preventing depression in children and adolescents. Evidence-Based Child Health: A Cochrane Review Journal, 7(5), 1409–1685.CrossRef

Mezulis, A., Stoep, A. V., Stone, A. L., & McCauley, E. (2011). A latent class analysis of depressive and externalizing symptoms in nonreferred adolescents. Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, 19(4), 247–256.CrossRef

Moos, R., & Moos, B. (1994). Family Environment Scale Manual: Development, Applications, Research - (3rd ed.). Consulting Psychologist Press.

Muthén, L. & Muthén, B. (1998–2019). MPlus user’s guide (6th ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Author.

Muthen, L. K., & Muthen, B. O. (1998−2012). Mplus user’s guide (7th ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Muthen & Muthen.

Nock, M. K. (2016). Recent and needed advances in the understanding, prediction, and prevention of suicidal behavior. Depression and Anxiety, 33(6), 460–463.PubMedCrossRef

Nylund, K. L., Asparouhov, T., & Muthén, B. O. (2007). Deciding on the number of classes in latent class analysis and growth mixture modeling: A Monte Carlo simulation study. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 14(4), 535–569.CrossRef

Ostrander, R., & Herman, K. C. (2006). Potential cognitive, parenting, and developmental mediators of the relationship between ADHD and depression. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 74(1), 89.PubMedCrossRef

Ostrander, R., Herman, K., Sikorski, J., Mascendaro, P., & Lambert, S. (2008). Patterns of psychopathology in children with ADHD: A latent profile analysis. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 37(4), 833–847.CrossRef

Ostrander, R., Weinfurt, K. P., Yarnold, P. R., & August, G. J. (1998). Diagnosing Attention Deficit Disorders with the Behavioral Assessment System for Children and the Child Behavior Checklist: Test and Construct Validity Analyses Using Optimal Discriminant Classification Trees. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 66(4), 660–672.PubMedCrossRef

Pachter, L. M., & Coll, C. G. (2009). Racism and child health: A review of the literature and future directions. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics: JDBP, 30(3), 255.PubMedCrossRef

Peiper, N., Clayton, R., Wilson, R., Illback, R., O’Brien, E., Kerber, R., & Hornung, C. (2015). Empirically derived subtypes of serious emotional disturbance in a large adolescent sample. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 50(6), 983–994.PubMedCrossRef

Polanczyk, G. V., Salum, G. A., Sugaya, L. S., Caye, A., & Rohde, L. A. (2015). Annual research review: A meta-analysis of the worldwide prevalence of mental disorders in children and adolescents. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56(3), 345–365.PubMedCrossRef

Reynolds, C. R., & Kamphaus, R. W. (2004). Behavior assessment system for children (2nd ed.). American Guidance Service.

Rice, F., Riglin, L., Thapar, A. K., Heron, J., Anney, R., O’Donovan, M. C., & Thapar, A. (2019). Characterizing developmental trajectories and the role of neuropsychiatric genetic risk variants in early-onset depression. JAMA Psychiatry, 76(3), 306–313.PubMedCrossRef

Riglin, L., Leppert, B., Dardani, C., Thapar, A., Rice, F., O’Donovan, M., & Thapar, A. (2020). ADHD and depression: Investigating a causal explanation. Psychological Medicine, 1–8.

Rutter, M. (2010). Gene-environment Interplay. Depression and Anxiety, 27(1), 1–4.PubMedCrossRef

Shi, Q., & Ettekal, I. (2021). Co-occurring trajectories of internalizing and externalizing problems from grades 1 to 12: Longitudinal associations with teacher-child relationship quality and academic performance. Journal of Educational Psychology, 113(4), 808.CrossRef

Spurk, D., Hirschi, A., Wang, M., Valero, D., & Kauffeld, S. (2020). Latent profile analysis: A review and “how to” guide of its application within vocational behavior research. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 120, 103445.CrossRef

Sullivan, P. F., & Geschwind, D. H. (2019). Defining the genetic, genomic, cellular, and diagnostic architectures of psychiatric disorders. Cell, 177(1), 162–183.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

van Lang, N. D., Ferdinand, R. F., Ormel, J., & Verhulst, F. C. (2006). Latent class analysis of anxiety and depressive symptoms of the Youth Self-Report in a general population sample of young adolescents. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44(6), 849–860.PubMedCrossRef

Wadsworth, M. E., Hudziak, J. J., Heath, A. C., & Achenbach, T. M. (2001). Latent class analysis of child behavior checklist anxiety/depression in children and adolescents. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 40(1), 106–114.CrossRef

Webster-Stratton, C., & Herman, K. C. (2008). The impact of parent behavior-management training on child depressive symptoms. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 55(4), 473.PubMedCrossRef

Weisz, J., Doss, A. J., & Hawley, K. (2005). Youth psychology outcome research: A review and critique of the evidence base. Annual Review of Psychology, 56, 337–363.PubMedCrossRef

Titel: Subtypes of Depressed Youth Admitted for Inpatient Psychiatric Care: A Latent Profile Analysis
Auteurs: Jeffrey S. Garofano
Lindsay Borden
Kathryn Van Eck
Rick Ostrander
Carisa Parrish
Marco Grados
Erika A. Chiappini
Elizabeth K. Reynolds
Publicatiedatum: 18-12-2023
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology / Uitgave 5/2024
Print ISSN: 2730-7166
Elektronisch ISSN: 2730-7174
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-023-01157-7

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Andere artikelen Uitgave 5/2024

Assessing the Longitudinal Associations Between Decision-Making Processes and Attention Problems in Early Adolescence

Does Anxiety Systematically Bias Estimates of Executive Functioning Deficits in Pediatric Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder?

Correction to: Affective Prosody Perception and the Relation to Social Competence in Autistic and Typically Developing Children

Social Media Use as a Predictor of Positive and Negative Affect: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study of Adolescents with and without Clinical Depression

The Degree of Fluctuations in Maternal Depressive Symptoms in Early Childhood is Associated with Children’s Depression Risk: Initial Evidence and Replication Between Two Independent Samples

A Systematic Review of Misdiagnosis of Pediatric Bipolar Disorder: Assessments and Recommendations