Top

Gepubliceerd in:

16-03-2016 | Original Article

www.kanjidatabase.com: a new interactive online database for psychological and linguistic research on Japanese kanji and their compound words

Auteurs: Katsuo Tamaoka, Shogo Makioka, Sander Sanders, Rinus G. Verdonschot

Gepubliceerd in: Psychological Research | Uitgave 3/2017

Abstract

Most experimental research making use of the Japanese language has involved the 1945 officially standardized kanji (Japanese logographic characters) in the Jōyō kanji list (originally announced by the Japanese government in 1981). However, this list was extensively modified in 2010: five kanji were removed and 196 kanji were added; the latest revision of the list now has a total of 2136 kanji. Using an up-to-date corpus consisting of 11 years’ worth of articles printed in the Mainichi Newspaper (2000–2010), we have constructed two novel databases that can be used in psychological research using the Japanese language: (1) a database containing a wide variety of properties on the latest 2136 Jōyō kanji, and (2) a novel database containing 27,950 two-kanji compound words (or jukugo). Based on these two databases, we have created an interactive website (www.kanjidatabase.com) to retrieve and store linguistic information to be used in psychological and linguistic experiments. The present paper reports the most important characteristics for the new databases, as well as their value for experimental psychological and linguistic research.

vorige artikel Distinctiveness as a function of spatial expansion in verbal working memory: comment on Kreitz, Furley, Memmert, and Simons (2015)

For details, see https://mecab.sourceforge.net.

See http://www.ninjal.ac.jp/english/products/bccwj/ for an English explanation.

Amano, S., & Kondo, T. (1999). NTT deeta beesu siriizu: Nihongo no goi tokusei—Dai 1-ki [NTT database series: Lexical properties in Japanese, the first period]. Tokyo: Sanseido.

Amano, S., & Kondo, T. (2000). NTT deeta beesu siriizu: Nihongo no goi tokusei—Dai 2-ki [NTT database series: Lexical properties in Japanese, the second period]. Tokyo: Sanseido.

Atsuji, T. (1988). Kanji-no bunrui: Rikusho-o chuushin toshite [Kanji classification: focusing on six classifications]. In K. Sato (Ed.), Kanji kooza 1: Kanji towa [Kanji lecture series 1: what is kanji?] (pp. 49–69). Tokyo: Meiji Shoin.

Balota, D. A., & Spieler, D. H. (1999). Word-frequency, repetition, and lexicality effects in word recognition tasks: beyond measures of central tendency. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 128, 32–55.CrossRef

Barry, C., Hirsh, K. W., Johnston, R. A., & Williams, C. L. (2001). Age of acquisition, word frequency, and the locus of repetition priming of picture naming. Journal of Memory and Language, 44, 350–375.CrossRef

Barry, C., Morrison, C. M., & Ellis, A. W. (1997). Naming the Snodgrass and Vanderwart pictures: effects of age of acquisition, frequency and name agreement. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 50A, 560–585.CrossRef

Brown, H., & Rubenstein, C. R. (1961). Test of response bias explanation of word-frequency effect. Science, 133, 280–281.CrossRefPubMed

Chen, H. C., Cheung, H., & Lau, S. (1997). Examining and reexamining the structure of Chinese–English bilingual memory. Psychological Research, 60(4), 270–283.CrossRefPubMed

Chikamatsu, N. (2005). L2 Japanese kanji memory and retrieval: An experimental on the tip-of-the-pen (TOP) phenomenon. In V. Cook & B. Bassetti (Eds.), Second language writing (pp. 71–96). New York: Multilingual Matters Ltd.

Flores d’Arcais, G. B., & Saito, H. (1993). Lexical decomposition of complex Kanji characters in Japanese readers. Psychological Research, 55, 52–63.CrossRef

Flores d’Arcais, G. B., Saito, H., & Kawakami, M. (1995). Phonological and semantic activation in reading kanji characters. Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition, 21, 34–42.CrossRef

Frith, U. (1981). Experimental approaches to developmental dyslexia: an introduction. Psychological Research, 43(2), 97–109.CrossRefPubMed

Gordon, B. (1983). Lexical access and lexical decision: mechanisms of frequency sensitivity. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 22, 24–44.CrossRef

Haig, J. H. (1997). The new Nelson Japanese–English character dictionary: based on the classic edition by Andrew N. Nelson. Tokyo: Tuttle Publishing.

Higuchi, H., Moriguchi, Y., Murakami, H., Katsunuma, R., Mishima, K., & Uno, A. (2016). Neural basis of hierarchical visual form processing of Japanese Kanji characters. Brain and Behavior,. doi:10.1002/brb3.413.

Hino, Y., & Lupker, S. J. (1998). The effects of word frequency for Japanese Kana and Kanji words in naming and lexical decision: can the dual-route model save the lexical-selection account? Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception and Performance, 24, 1431–1453.CrossRef

Hino, Y., Miyamura, S., & Lupker, S. J. (2011). The nature of orthographic–phonological and orthographic–semantic relationships for Japanese kana and kanji words. Behavior Research Methods, 43, 1110–1151.CrossRefPubMed

Horiguchi, J. (1989). Kanji no hitsujun [Stroke order of kanji]. In Y. Takebe (Ed.), Nihongoto nihongo kyooiku: Dai-8-kan. Nihongono moji hyooki (Joo) [Japanese and Japanese education: Vol. 8. Japanese writing system, No. 1] (pp. 97–124). Tokyo: Meiji Shoin.

Jescheniak, J. D., & Levelt, W. J. M. (1994). Word frequency effects in speech production: retrieval of syntactic information and of phonological form. Journal of Experimental Psychology Language Memory and Cognition, 20, 824–843.CrossRef

Jincho, N., Feng, G., & Mazuka, R. (2014). Development of text reading in Japanese: an eye movement study. Reading and Writing, 27(8), 1437–1465.CrossRef

Kaiho, H., & Nomura, Y. (1983). Kanji joohoo shori no shinrigaku [Psychology of kanji information processing]. Tokyo: Kyoiku Shuppan.

Kess, J. F., & Miyamoto, T. (1999). The Japanese mental lexicon: psycholinguistic studies of kana and kanji processing. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Komori, K., Tamaoka, K., Saito, N., & Miyaoka, Y. (2014). Dai-2-gengo tosite Nihongo-o manabu chuugokugo wasya no nihongo no kanjigo no shuutoku ni kansuru koosatsu. Acquisition of Japanese kanji compound words by Chinese native speakers learning Japanese as a second language. Chuugoku-go washa no tameno nihongo kyooiku kenkyuu [Studies on Japanese language education for native Chinese speakers], 5, 1–16.

Kudo, T., Yamamoto, K., & Matsumoto, Y. (2004). Applying conditional random fields to Japanese morphological analysis. In: Proceedings of the 2004 conference on empirical methods in natural language processing (EMNLP-2004) (pp. 230–237).

Le Bigot, N., Passerault, J. M., & Olive, T. (2009). Memory for words location in writing. Psychological Research, 73(1), 89–97.CrossRefPubMed

Leong, C. K., & Tamaoka, K. (1995). Use of phonological information in processing kanji and katakana by skilled and less skilled Japanese readers. Reading and Writing, 7, 377–393.CrossRef

Leong, C. K., Cheng, P.-W., & Mulcahy, R. (1987). Automatic processing of morphemic orthography. Language and Speech, 30, 181–196.PubMed

Luo, C., & Proctor, R. W. (2013). Asymmetry of congruency effects in spatial stroop tasks can be eliminated. Acta Psychologica, 143(1), 7–13.CrossRefPubMed

Maekawa, K., Yamazaki, M., Ogiso, T., Maruyama, T., Ogura, H., Kashino, W., … Den, Y. (2014). Balanced corpus of contemporary written Japanese. Language Resources and Evaluation, 48, 345–371.CrossRef

Miwa, K., Libben, G., & Baayen, R. H. (2012). Semantic radicals in Japanese two-character word recognition. Language and Cognitive Processes, 27(1), 142–158.CrossRef

Miwa, K., Libben, G., Dijkstra, T., & Baayen, R. H. (2014). The time-course of lexical activation in Japanese morphographic word recognition: evidence for a character-driven processing model. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 67, 79–113.CrossRef

Morohashi, T. (2000). Dai Kanwa Jiten [The great Japanese kanji dictionary]. Tokyo: Taishukan.

Morrison, C. M., & Ellis, A. W. (2000). Real age of acquisition effects in word naming and lexical decision. British Journal of Psychology, 91, 167–180.CrossRefPubMed

Müller, H. M. (2010). Neurolinguistic findings on the language lexicon: the special role of proper names. Chinese Journal of Physiology, 53(6), 351–358.CrossRefPubMed

Nelson, A. N. (1962). The original modern reader’s Japanese–English character dictionary (Classic ed.). Tokyo: Tuttle Publishing. (the former Charles E. Tuttle Company).

Ono, F., & Kawahara, J. I. (2008). The effect of false memory on temporal perception. Psychological Research, 72(1), 61–64.CrossRefPubMed

Proverbio, A. M., Mariani, S., Zani, A., & Adorni, R. (2009). How are ‘Barack Obama’ and ‘President Elect’ differentially stored in the brain? An ERP investigation on the processing of proper and common noun Pairs. PLoS One, 4(9), e7126.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Saito, H., Masuda, K., & Kawakami, M. (1998). Form and sound similarity effects in kanji recognition. In C. K. Leong & K. Tamaoka (Eds.), Cognitive processing of the Chinese and Japanese languages (pp. 169–203). London: Kluwer Academic Publishers.CrossRef

Saito, H., Masuda, K., & Kawakami, M. (1999). Subword activation in reading Japanese single kanji character words. Brain and Language, 68, 75–81.CrossRefPubMed

Saito, H., Yamazaki, O., & Masuda, H. (2002). The effect of number of Kanji radical companions in character activation with a multi-radical-display task. Brain and Language, 81, 501–508.CrossRefPubMed

Segui, J., Mehler, J., Frauenfelder, U., & Morton, J. (1982). The word frequency effect and lexical access. Neuropsychologia, 20, 615–627.CrossRefPubMed

Shirakawa, S. (1994). Jitoo [Kanji etymology]. Tokyo: Heibonsha.

Starreveld, P. A., La Heij, W., & Verdonschot, R. G. (2013). Time course analysis of the effects of distractor frequency and categorical relatedness in picture naming: an evaluation of the response exclusion account. Language and Cognitive Processes, 28, 633–654.CrossRef

Taft, M. (1979). Recognition of affixed words and the word frequency effect. Memory and Cognition, 7, 263–272.CrossRefPubMed

Taft, M., Huang, J., & Zhu, X. P. (1994). The influence of character frequency on word recognition responses in Chinese. In H.-W. Chang, J.-T. Huang, C.-W. Hue, & O. J. L. Tzeng (Eds.), Advances in the study of Chinese language processing (Vol. 1, pp. 59–73). Taipei: Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University.

Taft, M., & Zhu, X. P. (1995). The representation of bound morphemes in the lexicon: a Chinese study. In L. B. Feldman (Ed.), Morphological aspects of language processing (pp. 293–316). Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Taft, M., & Zhu, X. P. (1997). Submorphemic processing in reading Chinese. Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition, 23, 761–775.CrossRef

Tamaoka, K., & Altmann, G. (2004). Symmetry of Japanese kanji lexical productivity on the left- and right-hand sides. Glottometrics, 7, 68–88.

Tamaoka, K., & Hatsuzuka, M. (1995). Kanzi niji jyukugo no shori niokeru kanji siyoohindo no eikyoo [The effects of kanji printed-frequency on processing Japanese two-morpheme compound words]. Dokusho Kagaku [The Science of Reading], 39, 121–137.

Tamaoka, K., Kirsner, K., Yanase, Y., Miyaoka, Y., & Kawakami, M. (2002). A Web-accessible database of characteristics of the 1945 basic Japanese kanji. Behavior Research Methods Instruments and Computers, 34, 260–275.CrossRef

Tamaoka, K., & Kiyama, S. (2013). The effects of visual complexity for Japanese kanji processing with high and low frequencies. Reading and Writing, 26(2), 205–223.CrossRef

Tamaoka, K., & Makioka, S. (2004). New figures for a Web-accessible database of the 1945 basic Japanese kanji, fourth edition. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments and Computers, 36, 548–558.CrossRef

Tamaoka, K., & Taft, M. (2010). The sensitivity of native Japanese speakers to On and Kun kanji readings. Reading and Writing, 23, 957–968.CrossRef

Tamaoka, K., & Takahashi, N. (1999). Kanji niji jyukugo no shoji koodoo niokeru goi siyoo hindo oyobi shojiteki hukuzatsusei no eikyoo [The effects of word frequency and orthographic complexity on the writing process of Japanese two-morpheme compound words]. Sinrigaku Kenkyuu [The Japanese Journal of Psychology], 70, 45–50.CrossRef

Tanaka, M. (2015). Japanese Kanji word processing for Chinese Learners of Japanese: a study of homophonic and semantic primed lexical decision tasks. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 5(5), 900–905.CrossRef

Todo, A. (2010). Kanji-gen Kaitei Dai-5-ban [Kanji Sources Revised Fifth Version]. Tokyo: Gakken.

Toyoda, E. (2009). An analysis of L2 readers’ comments on kanji recognition. Electronic Journal of Foreign Language Teaching, 6, 5–20.

Uno, A., Wydell, T. N., Haruhara, N., Kaneko, M., & Shinya, N. (2009). Relationship between reading/writing skills and cognitive abilities among Japanese Primary-School Children: normal readers versus poor Readers (dyslexics). Reading and Writing, 22, 755–789.CrossRef

Valentine, T., Moore, V., & Brédart, S. (1995). Priming production of people’s names. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Experimental Psychology, 48, 513–535.CrossRef

Verdonschot, R. G., La Heij, W., Tamaoka, K., Kiyama, S., You, W.-P., & Schiller, N. O. (2013). The multiple pronunciations of Japanese kanji: a masked priming investigation. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 66, 2023–2038.CrossRef

Wang, L., Verdonschot, R. G., & Yang, Y. (2016). The processing difference between person names and common nouns in sentence contexts: an ERP study. Psychological Research, 80, 94–108.CrossRefPubMed

Wu, J.-T., Chou, T.-L., & Liu, I.-M. (1994). The locus of the character/word frequency effect. In H.-W. Chang, J.-T. Huang, C.-W. Hue, & O. J. L. Tzeng (Eds.), Advances in the study of Chinese language processing (Vol. 1, pp. 31–58). Taipei: Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University.

Yamada, J., Mitarai, Y., & Yoshida, T. (1991). Kanji words are easier to identify than katakana words. Psychological Research, 53(2), 136–141.CrossRefPubMed

Yamato, Y., & Tamaoka, K. (2013). Chuugokujin nihongo gakushuusha niyoru gairaigo shori eno eigo rekisikon no eikyoo [Effects of English knowledge on the reading of Japanese texts via Japanese loanwords performed by native Chinese speakers learning Japanese]. Lexicon Forum, 6, 229–267.

Yokosawa, K., & Umeda, M. (1988). Processes in human Kanji-word recognition. In: Proceedings of the 1988 IEEE international conference on systems, man, and cybernetics, August 8–12, 1988, Beijing and Shenyang, China, pp. 377–380.

Yokoyama, S., Sasahara, H., Nozaki, H., & Long, E. (1998). Shinbun denshi media-no kanji: Asahi shinbun CD-ROM-ni yoru kanji hindo hyoo [Japanese kanji in the newspaper media: Kanji frequency index from the Asashi Newspaper on CD-ROM]. Tokyo: Sanseido.

Yu, H., Gong, L., Qiu, Y., & Zhou, X. (2011). Seeing Chinese characters in action: an fMRI study of the perception of writing sequences. Brain and Language, 119(2), 60–67.CrossRefPubMed

Zhou, X., & Marslen-Wilson, W. (1994). Words, morphemes and syllables in the Chinese mental lexicon. Language and Cognitive Processes, 9, 393–422.CrossRef

Titel: www.kanjidatabase.com: a new interactive online database for psychological and linguistic research on Japanese kanji and their compound words
Auteurs: Katsuo Tamaoka
Shogo Makioka
Sander Sanders
Rinus G. Verdonschot
Publicatiedatum: 16-03-2016
Uitgeverij: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Gepubliceerd in: Psychological Research / Uitgave 3/2017
Print ISSN: 0340-0727
Elektronisch ISSN: 1430-2772
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-016-0764-3

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Andere artikelen Uitgave 3/2017

Simple reaction time and size–distance integration in virtual 3D space

That’s a good idea, but let’s keep thinking! Can we prevent our initial ideas from being forgotten as a consequence of thinking of new ideas?

Investigating the characteristics of “not responding”: backward crosstalk in the PRP paradigm with forced vs. free no-go decisions

Post-conflict slowing after incongruent stimuli: from general to conflict-specific

Distinctiveness as a function of spatial expansion in verbal working memory: comment on Kreitz, Furley, Memmert, and Simons (2015)

The implicit power motive predicts action selection