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Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 5/2018

04-12-2017 | Original Paper

What About the Girls? Sex-Based Differences in Autistic Traits and Adaptive Skills

Auteurs: Allison B. Ratto, Lauren Kenworthy, Benjamin E. Yerys, Julia Bascom, Andrea Trubanova Wieckowski, Susan W. White, Gregory L. Wallace, Cara Pugliese, Robert T. Schultz, Thomas H. Ollendick, Angela Scarpa, Sydney Seese, Kelly Register-Brown, Alex Martin, Laura Gutermuth Anthony

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders | Uitgave 5/2018

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Abstract

There is growing evidence of a camouflaging effect among females with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), particularly among those without intellectual disability, which may affect performance on gold-standard diagnostic measures. This study utilized an age- and IQ-matched sample of school-aged youth (n = 228) diagnosed with ASD to assess sex differences on the ADOS and ADI-R, parent-reported autistic traits, and adaptive skills. Although females and males were rated similarly on gold-standard diagnostic measures overall, females with higher IQs were less likely to meet criteria on the ADI-R. Females were also found to be significantly more impaired on parent reported autistic traits and adaptive skills. Overall, the findings suggest that some autistic females may be missed by current diagnostic procedures.
Voetnoten
1
Identity-first language rather than person-first language is used in this manuscript, consistent with practice among autistic self-advocates (Brown 2011).
 
2
Researchers and female self-advocates have used the terms “masking” and “camouflaging” to describe the phenomenon of autistic women and girls being missed by current diagnostic procedures. The authors chose the term camouflaging, and placed it in quotes for its initial use, to describe this phenomenon which can occur both when autistic women/girls actively seek to hide social communication difficulties, as well as when clinicians fail to accurately diagnose them, due to societal expectations that are believed by many to result in diagnostic bias.
 
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Metagegevens
Titel
What About the Girls? Sex-Based Differences in Autistic Traits and Adaptive Skills
Auteurs
Allison B. Ratto
Lauren Kenworthy
Benjamin E. Yerys
Julia Bascom
Andrea Trubanova Wieckowski
Susan W. White
Gregory L. Wallace
Cara Pugliese
Robert T. Schultz
Thomas H. Ollendick
Angela Scarpa
Sydney Seese
Kelly Register-Brown
Alex Martin
Laura Gutermuth Anthony
Publicatiedatum
04-12-2017
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders / Uitgave 5/2018
Print ISSN: 0162-3257
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3432
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3413-9

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