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27-09-2016 | Original Article

Unitization of route knowledge

Auteurs: Yaakov Hoffman, Amotz Perlman, Ben Orr-Urtreger, Joseph Tzelgov, Emmanuel M. Pothos, Darren J. Edwards

Gepubliceerd in: Psychological Research | Uitgave 6/2017

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Abstract

There are many theories that explain how route knowledge is acquired. We examined here if the sequence of elements that are part of a route can become integrated into a single unit, to the extent that the processing of individual transitions may only be relevant in the context of this entire unit. In Experiments 1 and 2, participants learned a route for ten blocks. Subsequently, at test they were intermittently exposed to the same training route along with a novel route which contained partial overlap with the original training route. Results show that the very same stimulus, appearing in the very same location, requiring the very same response (e.g., left turn), was responded to significantly faster in the context of the original training route than in the novel route. In Experiment 3, we employed a modified paradigm containing landmarks and two matched routes which were both substantially longer and contained a greater degree of overlap than the routes in Experiments 1 and 2. Results were replicated, namely, the same overlapping route segment, common to both routes, was performed significantly slower when appearing in the context of a novel than the original route. Furthermore, the difference between the overlapping segments was similar to the difference observed for the non-overlapping segments, i.e., an old route segment in the context of a novel route was processed as if it were an entirely novel segment. We discuss the results in relation to binding, chunking, and transfer effects, as well as potential practical implications.
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Voetnoten
1
BLOCK (upper-case) refers to a segment connecting two intersections, whilst block (lower-case) refers to a group of experimental trials).
 
2
As explained above, block (lower-case) refers to a group of trials and not route segment (BLOCKS).
 
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Metagegevens
Titel
Unitization of route knowledge
Auteurs
Yaakov Hoffman
Amotz Perlman
Ben Orr-Urtreger
Joseph Tzelgov
Emmanuel M. Pothos
Darren J. Edwards
Publicatiedatum
27-09-2016
Uitgeverij
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Gepubliceerd in
Psychological Research / Uitgave 6/2017
Print ISSN: 0340-0727
Elektronisch ISSN: 1430-2772
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-016-0811-0