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02-08-2015 | Original Article

True and False Memories in Social Anxiety Disorder: Effects of Speech Anticipation and Social Content

Auteurs: Meghan W. Cody, Shari A. Steinman, Bethany A. Teachman

Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research | Uitgave 6/2015

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Abstract

Cognitive paradigms allow clinical psychologists to examine memory processes, such as false memory production, to better understand psychopathology. The current study uses the Deese–Roediger–McDermott task to investigate true and false memories in a sample with social anxiety disorder (n = 37) compared to a non-anxious control group (n = 40) before and after a three-day delay following list presentation. Additionally, the study examines anticipation of a social stressor and stimuli content (social versus nonsocial) as moderators of memory effects. Contrary to hypotheses, results for true memories showed no effects involving social anxiety or stressor group. However, nonsocial false memories were reported more frequently when participants with social anxiety disorder were anticipating a speech and when control participants were not (the latter at the level of a trend). Notably, when lists were socially relevant, these group differences in false memory disappeared. Results suggest that individuals with social anxiety disorder may be vulnerable to some unexpected memory distortions when anticipating social stress.
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Voetnoten
1
Power analyses based on Wenzel et al. (2004) for the main group interaction effects, and Storbeck and Clore (2005) for the follow-up tests, indicate 80–90 % power with N = 80. Full details are available from the first author.
 
2
The following kinds of words were excluded from the lists: 1) words that were extremely emotionally salient (e.g., “rape” for the date list), 2) words that were associates of non-social or non-outdoor homonyms (e.g., “calendar” for the date list), and 3) words that were very similar to a previously presented word (e.g., “celebration” and “celebrate” on the party list). In addition, words that had already been used as a stronger associate to a different list were excluded so that no words overlapped across lists.
 
3
This study was part of a larger study examining information processing in social anxiety. For a full list of measures, please contact the first author.
 
4
Inclusion instructions were used so that task demands would not exclude activated items that had been correctly identified as not on the lists. Checked lures indicate that the concept was activated, although the subjective sense of remembering did not occur. Unchecked lures reflect actual false memories.
 
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Metagegevens
Titel
True and False Memories in Social Anxiety Disorder: Effects of Speech Anticipation and Social Content
Auteurs
Meghan W. Cody
Shari A. Steinman
Bethany A. Teachman
Publicatiedatum
02-08-2015
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Cognitive Therapy and Research / Uitgave 6/2015
Print ISSN: 0147-5916
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2819
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-015-9712-6