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03-12-2014 | Original Article

Timing the events of directional cueing

Auteurs: Giovanna Girardi, Gabriella Antonucci, Daniele Nico

Gepubliceerd in: Psychological Research | Uitgave 6/2015

Abstract

To explore the role of temporal context on voluntary orienting of attention, we submitted healthy participants to a spatial cueing task in which cue-target stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs) were organized according to two-dimensional parameters: range and central value. Three ranges of SOAs organized around two central SOA values were presented to six groups of participants. Results showed a complex pattern of responses in terms of spatial validity (faster responses to correctly cued target) and preparatory effect (faster responses to longer SOAs). Responses to validly and neutrally cued targets were affected by the increase in SOA duration if the difference between longer and shorter SOA was large. On the contrary, responses to invalidly cued targets did not vary according to SOA manipulations. The observed pattern of cueing effects does not fit in the typical description of spatial attention working as a mandatory disengaging–shifting–engaging routine. In contrast, results rather suggest a mechanism based on the interaction between context sensitive top-down processes and bottom-up attentional processes.

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All statistical power analyses reported here were performed using the GPOWER program (Faul, Erdfelder, Lang, & Buchner, 2007).

In order to estimate the contribution of automatic sequential effects to the FP effect (see Los & Van den Heuvel, 2001), we made an analysis of the experimental findings that included the current SOA (short, central, long), the SOA of the previous trial, i.e., SOAn − 1 (short, central, long, catch), and cueing (valid, invalid, neutral, no cue) as within-subjects factors, and average SOA and SOA range as between-subjects variables. The ANOVA conducted on mean RTs revealed no contribution of SOAn − 1. SOAn − 1 had neither a main effect, F(3,108) = 1.69, nor did it interact with SOA in any case: SOAn – 1 × SOA, F(6,216) = 1; SOAn – 1 × SOA × range × average SOA, F < 1. Therefore, in this task, asymmetric sequential effects (see Los & Van den Heuvel, 2001), did not contribute to the foreperiod effect.

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Titel: Timing the events of directional cueing
Auteurs: Giovanna Girardi
Gabriella Antonucci
Daniele Nico
Publicatiedatum: 03-12-2014
Uitgeverij: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Gepubliceerd in: Psychological Research / Uitgave 6/2015
Print ISSN: 0340-0727
Elektronisch ISSN: 1430-2772
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-014-0635-8

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