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23-11-2022 | Original Article

Therapeutic Alliance and Treatment Expectations: Predicting Outcomes in Exposure Treatments for Specific Phobia

Auteurs: Malenka Areas, Anna Margarete Babl, Javier Fernández-Álvarez, Andrés Roussos, Cristina Botella, Azucena García-Palacios, Rosa Baños, Soledad Quero, Juana María Breton, Juan Martín Gómez Penedo

Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research | Uitgave 2/2023

Abstract

Background

Exposure-based treatments have demonstrated some of the largest effect sizes in the treatment of specific phobias (SP). There are different ways of delivering exposure such as Augmented Reality Exposure which has become an interesting alternative to In Vivo Exposure for treating SP. The present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic alliance and treatment expectations as possible predictors of treatment outcomes in these two exposure treatment conditions.

Methods

Participants were 63 adults who met diagnostic criteria for the diagnosis of a SP of cockroaches or spiders (animal subtype). Patients were randomized to receive a one-session treatment of either In Vivo Exposure (N = 31) or Augmented Reality Exposure (N = 32). The assessment protocol included diagnostic, as well as primary-, and secondary outcome measures. Materials included the Behavioral Avoidance Test for measuring symptoms and outcomes, the Expectations and Satisfaction Questionnaire, and the Working Alliance Inventory. We ran multilevel analyses for the study of predictors controlling for the treatment effect conditions.

Results

Results showed a significant effect of expectations on treatment outcomes (specifically avoidance and beliefs scores). The therapeutic alliance did not have a significant effect on treatment outcome. Patients reduced their symptoms of phobia.

Conclusion

These results empirically support treatment expectations as a relevant predictor of change in exposure treatments for SP.

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Titel: Therapeutic Alliance and Treatment Expectations: Predicting Outcomes in Exposure Treatments for Specific Phobia
Auteurs: Malenka Areas
Anna Margarete Babl
Javier Fernández-Álvarez
Andrés Roussos
Cristina Botella
Azucena García-Palacios
Rosa Baños
Soledad Quero
Juana María Breton
Juan Martín Gómez Penedo
Publicatiedatum: 23-11-2022
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research / Uitgave 2/2023
Print ISSN: 0147-5916
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2819
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-022-10343-8

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Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

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