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2023 | OriginalPaper | Hoofdstuk

6. The value of diagnostic findings

Auteurs : A. J. Kooter, T. O. H. de Jongh

Gepubliceerd in: Physical Diagnostics

Uitgeverij: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

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Abstract

Relatively little information on the value of physical examination is available, as this is a difficult subject to research. The research that has been done often shows high intra-rater and inter-rater agreement. A study (or combination of studies) yields a number (e.g. kappa or LR), which is referred to as the ‘point estimate’. The certainty or uncertainty of the point estimate is expressed as a p-value or confidence interval. Sensitivity and specificity are test properties that indicate how well a test differentiates between people who do and do not have the particular disease. These test properties are influenced by the degree of unwellness and the cut-off point selected for the test. The likelihood ratio (LR) combines sensitivity and specificity and is an important measure of a test or examination, indicating the extent to which the odds (and hence likelihood) of having the disorder are changed by the result of the test. The predictive value of a test, as well as the quality of the test, depends on the prior probability of having the disorder, and it can be difficult to estimate.
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Metagegevens
Titel
The value of diagnostic findings
Auteurs
A. J. Kooter
T. O. H. de Jongh
Copyright
2023
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-368-2931-1_6