Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence 12/2014

01-12-2014 | Empirical Research

The Stressful (and Not So Stressful) Nature of Language Brokering: Identifying When Brokering Functions as a Cultural Stressor for Latino Immigrant Children in Early Adolescence

Auteurs: Jennifer A. Kam, Vanja Lazarevic

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence | Uitgave 12/2014

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

Language brokering remains prevalent among immigrant families, but it is widely assumed that brokering functions as a cultural stressor, resulting in adverse health outcomes for immigrant youth. Few studies, however, have tested this assumption, particularly while using longitudinal data and capturing multiple dimensions of brokering. Thus, this study examined how depressive symptoms and family-based acculturation stress mediated the relationships between various aspects of brokering (i.e., frequency of brokering, positive and negative feelings about brokering, brokering norms, and brokering efficacy) and alcohol, cigarette, and marijuana use and other risky behaviors. Using longitudinal survey data from 234 Latino early adolescents in 6th–8th grades (M age  = 12.4 years; Females = 46.2 %), brokering for parents indirectly affected alcohol and marijuana use through family-based acculturation stress; however, these significant indirect effects became non-significant when taking into account negative brokering feelings and brokering as a burden on one’s time. Feeling positively or efficacious about brokering or having pro-brokering norms did not directly predict any adverse mental and behavioral health outcomes. Moderation analyses, however, revealed that brokering for parents did not seem to function as a stressor when Latino early adolescents were high in brokering efficacy (e.g., feeling confident in one’s ability to broker) or descriptive brokering norms (e.g., perceiving one’s peers as brokering often). By contrast, when Latino early adolescents perceived brokering as a burden, brokering for parents functioned as a stressor, placing Latino early adolescents at risk for family-based acculturation stress, and in turn, alcohol and marijuana use. Such findings point to the complexity of brokering.
Literatuur
go back to reference Agnew, R. (1992). Building on the foundation of general strain theory: Specifying the types of strain most likely to lead to crime and delinquency. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 38, 319–361. doi:10.1177/0022427801038004001.CrossRef Agnew, R. (1992). Building on the foundation of general strain theory: Specifying the types of strain most likely to lead to crime and delinquency. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 38, 319–361. doi:10.​1177/​0022427801038004​001.CrossRef
go back to reference Agnew, R. (2001). Building on the foundation of general strain theory: Specifying the types of strain most likely to lead to crime and delinquency. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 38, 319–361. doi:10.1177/0022427801038004001.CrossRef Agnew, R. (2001). Building on the foundation of general strain theory: Specifying the types of strain most likely to lead to crime and delinquency. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 38, 319–361. doi:10.​1177/​0022427801038004​001.CrossRef
go back to reference Agustí-Panareda, J. (2006). Cross-cultural brokering in the legal, institutional and normative domains: Intercultural mediators managing immigration in Catalonia. Social Legal Studies, 15, 409–433. doi:10.1177/0964663906066618.CrossRef Agustí-Panareda, J. (2006). Cross-cultural brokering in the legal, institutional and normative domains: Intercultural mediators managing immigration in Catalonia. Social Legal Studies, 15, 409–433. doi:10.​1177/​0964663906066618​.CrossRef
go back to reference Aiken, L. S., & West, S. G. (1991). Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Newbury Park, CA: Sage. Aiken, L. S., & West, S. G. (1991). Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
go back to reference Ajayi, L. J. (2006). Multiple voices, multiple realities: Self-defined images of self among adolescent Hispanic English language learners. Education, 126, 468–480. Ajayi, L. J. (2006). Multiple voices, multiple realities: Self-defined images of self among adolescent Hispanic English language learners. Education, 126, 468–480.
go back to reference Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 179–211.CrossRef Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 179–211.CrossRef
go back to reference Birman, D., & Trickett, E. J. (2001). Cultural transitions in first-generation immigrants: Acculturation of Soviet Jewish refugee adolescents and parents. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 32(4), 456–477.CrossRef Birman, D., & Trickett, E. J. (2001). Cultural transitions in first-generation immigrants: Acculturation of Soviet Jewish refugee adolescents and parents. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 32(4), 456–477.CrossRef
go back to reference Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing fit. In K. A. Bollen & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 136–163). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing fit. In K. A. Bollen & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 136–163). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
go back to reference Buriel, R., Perez, W., De Ment, T. L., Chavez, D. V., & Moran, V. R. (1998). The relationship of language brokering to academic performance, biculturalism, and self-efficacy among Latino adolescents. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 20, 283–297. doi:10.1177/07399863980203001.CrossRef Buriel, R., Perez, W., De Ment, T. L., Chavez, D. V., & Moran, V. R. (1998). The relationship of language brokering to academic performance, biculturalism, and self-efficacy among Latino adolescents. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 20, 283–297. doi:10.​1177/​0739986398020300​1.CrossRef
go back to reference Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2006) Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance Summaries—United States, 2005. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 55 (No. SS-5). Available at: www.cdc.gov/yrbss. Accessed on April 6, 2007. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2006) Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance Summaries—United States, 2005. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 55 (No. SS-5). Available at: www.​cdc.​gov/​yrbss. Accessed on April 6, 2007.
go back to reference Chao, R. K. (2006). The prevalence and consequences of adolescents’ language brokering for their immigrant parents. In M. H. Bornstein & L. R. Cote (Eds.), Acculturation and parent-child relationships (pp. 271–296). Mahwah, NJ: LEA. Chao, R. K. (2006). The prevalence and consequences of adolescents’ language brokering for their immigrant parents. In M. H. Bornstein & L. R. Cote (Eds.), Acculturation and parent-child relationships (pp. 271–296). Mahwah, NJ: LEA.
go back to reference Cooke, R., Sniehotta, F., & Schuz, B. (2007). Predicting binge-drinking behavior using an extended TPB: Examining the impact of anticipated regret and descriptive norms. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 42, 84–91. doi:10.1093/alcalc/agl115.PubMedCrossRef Cooke, R., Sniehotta, F., & Schuz, B. (2007). Predicting binge-drinking behavior using an extended TPB: Examining the impact of anticipated regret and descriptive norms. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 42, 84–91. doi:10.​1093/​alcalc/​agl115.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Crockett, L. J., Randall, B. A., Shen, Y. L., Russell, S. T., & Driscoll, A. K. (2005). Measurement equivalence of the center for epidemiological studies depression scale for Latino and Anglo adolescents: A national study. Journal of Counseling and Clinical Psychology, 73, 47–58. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.73.1.47.CrossRef Crockett, L. J., Randall, B. A., Shen, Y. L., Russell, S. T., & Driscoll, A. K. (2005). Measurement equivalence of the center for epidemiological studies depression scale for Latino and Anglo adolescents: A national study. Journal of Counseling and Clinical Psychology, 73, 47–58. doi:10.​1037/​0022-006X.​73.​1.​47.CrossRef
go back to reference Dorner, L. M., Orellana, M. F., & Jiménez, R. (2008). “It’s one of those things that you do to help the family”: Language brokering and the development of immigrant adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Research, 23, 515–543. doi:10.117/0743558508317563.CrossRef Dorner, L. M., Orellana, M. F., & Jiménez, R. (2008). “It’s one of those things that you do to help the family”: Language brokering and the development of immigrant adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Research, 23, 515–543. doi:10.​117/​0743558508317563​.CrossRef
go back to reference Dorner, L. M., Orellana, M. F., & Li-Grining, C. P. (2007). “I helped my mom”, and it helped me: “Translating the skills of language brokers into improved standardized test scores. American Journal of Education, 113, 451–478. doi:http://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ757584.CrossRef Dorner, L. M., Orellana, M. F., & Li-Grining, C. P. (2007). “I helped my mom”, and it helped me: “Translating the skills of language brokers into improved standardized test scores. American Journal of Education, 113, 451–478. doi:http://​eric.​ed.​gov/​?​id=​EJ757584.CrossRef
go back to reference Ennis, S. R., Rios-Vargas, M., & Albert, N. G. (2011). The Hispanic population 2011: 210 Census Briefs. U.S. Census Bureau. C2010BR-04. Ennis, S. R., Rios-Vargas, M., & Albert, N. G. (2011). The Hispanic population 2011: 210 Census Briefs. U.S. Census Bureau. C2010BR-04.
go back to reference Graham, J. W., Flay, B. R., Johnson, C. A., Hansen, W. B., Grossman, L. M., & Sobel, J. L. (1984). Reliability of self-report measures of drug use in prevention research: Evaluation of the Project SMART questionnaire via the test-retest reliability matrix. Journal of Drug Education, 14, 175–193.PubMedCrossRef Graham, J. W., Flay, B. R., Johnson, C. A., Hansen, W. B., Grossman, L. M., & Sobel, J. L. (1984). Reliability of self-report measures of drug use in prevention research: Evaluation of the Project SMART questionnaire via the test-retest reliability matrix. Journal of Drug Education, 14, 175–193.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Hawkins, J. D., Catalano, R. F., & Miller, J. Y. (1992). Risk and protective factors for alcohol and other drug problems in adolescence and early adulthood: Implications for substance abuse prevention. Psychological Bulletin, 112, 64–105. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.64.PubMedCrossRef Hawkins, J. D., Catalano, R. F., & Miller, J. Y. (1992). Risk and protective factors for alcohol and other drug problems in adolescence and early adulthood: Implications for substance abuse prevention. Psychological Bulletin, 112, 64–105. doi:10.​1037/​0033-2909.​112.​1.​64.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Johnston, L. D., O’Malley, P. M., Bachman, J. G., & Schulenberg, J. E. (2012). Monitoring the Future national results on adolescent drug use: Overview of key findings, 2011. Ann Arbor: Institute for Social Research, The University of Michigan. Johnston, L. D., O’Malley, P. M., Bachman, J. G., & Schulenberg, J. E. (2012). Monitoring the Future national results on adolescent drug use: Overview of key findings, 2011. Ann Arbor: Institute for Social Research, The University of Michigan.
go back to reference Kam, J. A., & Lazarevic, V. (2014). Communicating for one’s family: An interdisciplinary review of language and cultural brokering in immigrant families. Communication Yearbook. Kam, J. A., & Lazarevic, V. (2014). Communicating for one’s family: An interdisciplinary review of language and cultural brokering in immigrant families. Communication Yearbook.
go back to reference Kam, J. A., Matsunaga, M., Hecht, M. L., & Ndiaye, K. (2009). Extending the theory of planned behavior to predict alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use among youth of Mexican heritage. Prevention Science, 10, 41–53. doi:10.1007/s11121-008-0110-0.PubMedCrossRef Kam, J. A., Matsunaga, M., Hecht, M. L., & Ndiaye, K. (2009). Extending the theory of planned behavior to predict alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use among youth of Mexican heritage. Prevention Science, 10, 41–53. doi:10.​1007/​s11121-008-0110-0.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Love, J. A., & Buriel, R. (2007). Language brokering, autonomy, parent-child bonding, biculturalism, and depression: A study of Mexican American adolescents from immigrant families. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 29, 472–491. doi:10.1177/0739986307307229.CrossRef Love, J. A., & Buriel, R. (2007). Language brokering, autonomy, parent-child bonding, biculturalism, and depression: A study of Mexican American adolescents from immigrant families. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 29, 472–491. doi:10.​1177/​0739986307307229​.CrossRef
go back to reference Martinez, C. R., McClure, H. H., & Eddy, J. M. (2009). Language brokering contexts and behavioral and emotional adjustment among Latino parents and adolescents. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 21, 71–98. doi:10.1177/0272431608324477. Martinez, C. R., McClure, H. H., & Eddy, J. M. (2009). Language brokering contexts and behavioral and emotional adjustment among Latino parents and adolescents. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 21, 71–98. doi:10.​1177/​0272431608324477​.
go back to reference McQuillan, J., & Tse, L. (1995). Child language brokering in linguistic minority communities: Effects on cultural interaction, cognition, and literacy. Language and Education, 9, 195–215. doi:10.1080/09500789509541413.CrossRef McQuillan, J., & Tse, L. (1995). Child language brokering in linguistic minority communities: Effects on cultural interaction, cognition, and literacy. Language and Education, 9, 195–215. doi:10.​1080/​0950078950954141​3.CrossRef
go back to reference Park, H. S., & Smith, S. W. (2007). Distinctiveness and influence of subjective norms, personal descriptive and injunctive norms, and societal descriptive and injunctive norms on behavioral intent: A case of two behaviors critical to organ donation. Human Communication Research, 33, 194–218. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.2007.00296.x.CrossRef Park, H. S., & Smith, S. W. (2007). Distinctiveness and influence of subjective norms, personal descriptive and injunctive norms, and societal descriptive and injunctive norms on behavioral intent: A case of two behaviors critical to organ donation. Human Communication Research, 33, 194–218. doi:10.​1111/​j.​1468-2958.​2007.​00296.​x.CrossRef
go back to reference Puig, M. E. (2002). The adultification of refugee children: Implications for cross-cultural social work practice. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 5(3/4), 85–95. doi:10.1300/J137v05n03_05.CrossRef Puig, M. E. (2002). The adultification of refugee children: Implications for cross-cultural social work practice. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 5(3/4), 85–95. doi:10.​1300/​J137v05n03_​05.CrossRef
go back to reference Rogler, L. H. (1989). The meaning of culturally sensitive research in mental health. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 146, 296–303.PubMed Rogler, L. H. (1989). The meaning of culturally sensitive research in mental health. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 146, 296–303.PubMed
go back to reference Shin, H. B., & Bruno, R. (2003). Language use and English-speaking ability: 2000. Washington, DC: US Census Bureau. Shin, H. B., & Bruno, R. (2003). Language use and English-speaking ability: 2000. Washington, DC: US Census Bureau.
go back to reference Shin, H. B., & Kominski, R. A. (2010). Language use in the United States: 2007. American community survey reports, ACS-12. Washington, DC: US Census Bureau. Shin, H. B., & Kominski, R. A. (2010). Language use in the United States: 2007. American community survey reports, ACS-12. Washington, DC: US Census Bureau.
go back to reference Suárez-Orozco, C., & Suárez-Orozco, M. M. (2001). Children of immigration. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Suárez-Orozco, C., & Suárez-Orozco, M. M. (2001). Children of immigration. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
go back to reference Tse, L. (1996). Language brokering in linguistic minority communities: The case of Chinese- and Vietnamese-American students. The Bilingual Research Journal, 20, 485–498.CrossRef Tse, L. (1996). Language brokering in linguistic minority communities: The case of Chinese- and Vietnamese-American students. The Bilingual Research Journal, 20, 485–498.CrossRef
go back to reference Umaña-Taylor, A. J., Updegraff, K. A., & Gonzales-Backen, M. A. (2011). Mexican-origin adolescent mothers’ stressors and psychosocial functioning: Examining ethnic identity affirmation and familism as moderators. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 40, 140–157. doi:10.1007/s10964-010-9511-z.PubMedCrossRef Umaña-Taylor, A. J., Updegraff, K. A., & Gonzales-Backen, M. A. (2011). Mexican-origin adolescent mothers’ stressors and psychosocial functioning: Examining ethnic identity affirmation and familism as moderators. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 40, 140–157. doi:10.​1007/​s10964-010-9511-z.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Weisskirch, R. S. (2006). Emotional aspects of language brokering among Mexican American adults. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 27, 332–343. doi:10.2167/jmmd421.1.CrossRef Weisskirch, R. S. (2006). Emotional aspects of language brokering among Mexican American adults. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 27, 332–343. doi:10.​2167/​jmmd421.​1.CrossRef
go back to reference Weisskirch, R. S. (2013). Family relationships, self-esteem, and self-efficacy among language brokering Mexican American emerging adults. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 22, 1147–1155. doi:10.1007/s10826-012-9678-x.CrossRef Weisskirch, R. S. (2013). Family relationships, self-esteem, and self-efficacy among language brokering Mexican American emerging adults. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 22, 1147–1155. doi:10.​1007/​s10826-012-9678-x.CrossRef
Metagegevens
Titel
The Stressful (and Not So Stressful) Nature of Language Brokering: Identifying When Brokering Functions as a Cultural Stressor for Latino Immigrant Children in Early Adolescence
Auteurs
Jennifer A. Kam
Vanja Lazarevic
Publicatiedatum
01-12-2014
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Youth and Adolescence / Uitgave 12/2014
Print ISSN: 0047-2891
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-6601
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-013-0061-z

Andere artikelen Uitgave 12/2014

Journal of Youth and Adolescence 12/2014 Naar de uitgave