Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Child and Family Studies 6/2016

24-02-2016 | Original Paper

The Relation Between Parenting Stress, Locus of Control and Child Outcomes: Predictors of Change in a Parenting Intervention

Auteurs: Angela D. Moreland, Julia W. Felton, Rochelle F. Hanson, Carrie Jackson, Jean E. Dumas

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Child and Family Studies | Uitgave 6/2016

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

This study examines the relationship among parent stress, parent locus of control, child disruptive behaviors, and child coping competence over the course of an 8-week parenting program. We predicted that parent stress and parent locus of control are correlated, decreases in parent stress and increases in parent internal locus of control predict increases in child coping competence, and decreases in child disruptive behavior and higher levels of internal parent LOC would relate to decreases in parent stress level. Measures and data from the original Parenting Our Children to Excellence study were used. The study found decreasing parent stress and increasing parent internal locus of control lead to positive changes in child outcomes, and decreasing parent stress changes their attributions of control. To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine changes in parent stress and locus of control, regarding child coping competence and child disruptive behavior, over time.
Literatuur
go back to reference Abidin, R. R. (1990). Parenting Stress Index, third edition: Professional manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources Inc. Abidin, R. R. (1990). Parenting Stress Index, third edition: Professional manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources Inc.
go back to reference Abidin, R. R. (1995). Parenting Stress Index. Lutz, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources Inc. Abidin, R. R. (1995). Parenting Stress Index. Lutz, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources Inc.
go back to reference Abidin, R. R. (1997). Parenting Stress Index: A measure of the parent–child system. In C. P. Zalaquett & R. J. Wood (Eds.), Evaluating stress: A book of resources (pp. 277–291). Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Education. Abidin, R. R. (1997). Parenting Stress Index: A measure of the parent–child system. In C. P. Zalaquett & R. J. Wood (Eds.), Evaluating stress: A book of resources (pp. 277–291). Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Education.
go back to reference Begle, A. M., & Dumas, J. E. (2011). Child and parental outcomes following involvement in a preventive intervention: Efficacy of the PACE program. The Journal of Primary Prevention, 32(2), 67–81.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Begle, A. M., & Dumas, J. E. (2011). Child and parental outcomes following involvement in a preventive intervention: Efficacy of the PACE program. The Journal of Primary Prevention, 32(2), 67–81.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Begle, A. M., Dumas, J. E., & Hanson, R. F. (2010). Predicting child abuse potential: An empirical investigation of two theoretical frameworks. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 39(2), 208–219.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Begle, A. M., Dumas, J. E., & Hanson, R. F. (2010). Predicting child abuse potential: An empirical investigation of two theoretical frameworks. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 39(2), 208–219.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Berkovits, M. D., O’Brien, K. A., Carter, C. G., & Eyberg, S. M. (2010). Early identification and intervention for behavior problems in primary care: A comparison of two abbreviated versions of parent–child interaction therapy. Behavior Therapy, 41(3), 375–387.CrossRefPubMed Berkovits, M. D., O’Brien, K. A., Carter, C. G., & Eyberg, S. M. (2010). Early identification and intervention for behavior problems in primary care: A comparison of two abbreviated versions of parent–child interaction therapy. Behavior Therapy, 41(3), 375–387.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Boggs, S. R., Eyberg, S. M., Edwards, D. L., Rayfield, A., Jacobs, J., Bagner, D., & Hood, K. K. (2005). Outcomes of parent–child interaction therapy: A comparison of treatment completers and study dropouts one to three years later. Child and Family Behavior Therapy, 26(4), 1–22.CrossRef Boggs, S. R., Eyberg, S. M., Edwards, D. L., Rayfield, A., Jacobs, J., Bagner, D., & Hood, K. K. (2005). Outcomes of parent–child interaction therapy: A comparison of treatment completers and study dropouts one to three years later. Child and Family Behavior Therapy, 26(4), 1–22.CrossRef
go back to reference Bugental, D. B., Caporael, L., & Shennum, W. A. (1980). Experimentally produced child uncontrollability: Effects on the potency of adult communication patterns. Child Development, 51(2), 520–528.CrossRefPubMed Bugental, D. B., Caporael, L., & Shennum, W. A. (1980). Experimentally produced child uncontrollability: Effects on the potency of adult communication patterns. Child Development, 51(2), 520–528.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Bywater, T., Hutchings, J., Daley, D., Whitaker, C., Yeo, S. T., Jones, K., et al. (2009). Long-term effectiveness of a parenting intervention for children at risk of developing conduct disorder. British Journal of Psychiatry, 195(4), 318–324.CrossRefPubMed Bywater, T., Hutchings, J., Daley, D., Whitaker, C., Yeo, S. T., Jones, K., et al. (2009). Long-term effectiveness of a parenting intervention for children at risk of developing conduct disorder. British Journal of Psychiatry, 195(4), 318–324.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Campis, L. K., Lyman, R. D., & Prentice-Dunn, S. (1986). The Parental Locus of Control Scale: Development and validation. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 15(3), 260–267.CrossRef Campis, L. K., Lyman, R. D., & Prentice-Dunn, S. (1986). The Parental Locus of Control Scale: Development and validation. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 15(3), 260–267.CrossRef
go back to reference Cappa, K. A., Begle, A. M., Conger, J. C., Dumas, J. E., & Conger, A. J. (2011). Bidirectional relationships between parenting stress and child coping competence: Findings from the PACE study. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 20(3), 334–342.CrossRef Cappa, K. A., Begle, A. M., Conger, J. C., Dumas, J. E., & Conger, A. J. (2011). Bidirectional relationships between parenting stress and child coping competence: Findings from the PACE study. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 20(3), 334–342.CrossRef
go back to reference Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
go back to reference Cole, D. A., & Maxwell, S. E. (2003). Testing mediational models with longitudinal data: Questions and tips in the use of structural equation modeling. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 112(4), 558–577.CrossRefPubMed Cole, D. A., & Maxwell, S. E. (2003). Testing mediational models with longitudinal data: Questions and tips in the use of structural equation modeling. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 112(4), 558–577.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Crnic, K., & Low, C. (2002). Everyday stresses and parenting. In M. H. Bornstein (Ed.), Handbook of parenting: Vol. 2005: Practical issues in parenting (2nd ed., pp. 2243–2267). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers. Crnic, K., & Low, C. (2002). Everyday stresses and parenting. In M. H. Bornstein (Ed.), Handbook of parenting: Vol. 2005: Practical issues in parenting (2nd ed., pp. 2243–2267). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.
go back to reference Curran, P. J., & Hussong, A. M. (2003). The use of latent trajectory models in psychopathology research. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 112(4), 526–544.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Curran, P. J., & Hussong, A. M. (2003). The use of latent trajectory models in psychopathology research. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 112(4), 526–544.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Curren, P. J., West, S. G., & Finch, J. F. (1996). The robustness of test statistics to nonnormality and specification error in confirmatory factor analysis. Psychological Methods, 1, 16–29.CrossRef Curren, P. J., West, S. G., & Finch, J. F. (1996). The robustness of test statistics to nonnormality and specification error in confirmatory factor analysis. Psychological Methods, 1, 16–29.CrossRef
go back to reference Deater-Deckard, K. (1998). Parenting stress and child adjustment: Some old hypotheses and new questions. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 5(3), 314–332. Deater-Deckard, K. (1998). Parenting stress and child adjustment: Some old hypotheses and new questions. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 5(3), 314–332.
go back to reference Dishion, T. J., Shaw, D., Connell, A., Gardner, F., Weaver, C., & Wilson, M. (2008). The family check-up with high-risk indigent families: Preventing problem behavior by increasing parents’ positive behavior support in early childhood. Child Development, 79(5), 1395–1414.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Dishion, T. J., Shaw, D., Connell, A., Gardner, F., Weaver, C., & Wilson, M. (2008). The family check-up with high-risk indigent families: Preventing problem behavior by increasing parents’ positive behavior support in early childhood. Child Development, 79(5), 1395–1414.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Dunn, M. E., Burbine, T., Bowers, C. A., & Tantleff-Dunn, S. (2001). Moderators of stress in parents of children with autism. Community Mental Health Journal, 37(1), 39–52.CrossRefPubMed Dunn, M. E., Burbine, T., Bowers, C. A., & Tantleff-Dunn, S. (2001). Moderators of stress in parents of children with autism. Community Mental Health Journal, 37(1), 39–52.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference DuPaul, G. J., McGoey, K. E., Eckert, T. L., & VanBrakle, J. (2001). Preschool children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Impairments in behavioral, social, and school functioning. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 40, 508–515.CrossRefPubMed DuPaul, G. J., McGoey, K. E., Eckert, T. L., & VanBrakle, J. (2001). Preschool children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Impairments in behavioral, social, and school functioning. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 40, 508–515.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Eisert, D. C., Sturner, R. A., & Mabe, P. A. (1991). Questionnaires in behavioral pediatrics: Guidelines for selection and use. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 12(1), 42–50.CrossRefPubMed Eisert, D. C., Sturner, R. A., & Mabe, P. A. (1991). Questionnaires in behavioral pediatrics: Guidelines for selection and use. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 12(1), 42–50.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Eyberg, S. M., & Pincus, D. (1999). Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory and Sutter–Eyberg student behavior inventory-revised: Professional manual. Lutz, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources. Eyberg, S. M., & Pincus, D. (1999). Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory and Sutter–Eyberg student behavior inventory-revised: Professional manual. Lutz, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
go back to reference Folkman, S. (1984). Personal control and coping processes: A theoretical analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46(4), 839–852.CrossRefPubMed Folkman, S. (1984). Personal control and coping processes: A theoretical analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46(4), 839–852.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Freed, R. D., & Tompson, M. C. (2011). Predictors of parental locus of control in mothers of pre- and early adolescents. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 40(1), 100–110.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Freed, R. D., & Tompson, M. C. (2011). Predictors of parental locus of control in mothers of pre- and early adolescents. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 40(1), 100–110.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Funderburk, B. W., Eyberg, S. M., Rich, B. A., & Behar, L. (2003). Further psychometric evaluation of the Eyberg and Behar rating scales for parents and teachers of preschoolers. Early Education and Development, 14(1), 67–81.CrossRef Funderburk, B. W., Eyberg, S. M., Rich, B. A., & Behar, L. (2003). Further psychometric evaluation of the Eyberg and Behar rating scales for parents and teachers of preschoolers. Early Education and Development, 14(1), 67–81.CrossRef
go back to reference Gardner, F., Burton, J., & Klimes, I. (2006). Randomized controlled trial of a parenting intervention in the voluntary sector for reducing child conduct problems: Outcomes and mechanisms of change. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47(11), 1123–1132.CrossRefPubMed Gardner, F., Burton, J., & Klimes, I. (2006). Randomized controlled trial of a parenting intervention in the voluntary sector for reducing child conduct problems: Outcomes and mechanisms of change. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47(11), 1123–1132.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Gardner, F., Hutchings, J., Bywater, T., & Whitaker, C. (2010). Who benefits and how does it work? Moderators and mediators of outcome in an effectiveness trial of a parenting intervention. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 39(4), 568–580.CrossRefPubMed Gardner, F., Hutchings, J., Bywater, T., & Whitaker, C. (2010). Who benefits and how does it work? Moderators and mediators of outcome in an effectiveness trial of a parenting intervention. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 39(4), 568–580.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Gardner, F., Shaw, D. S., Dishion, T. J., Burton, J., & Supplee, L. (2007). Randomized prevention trial for early conduct problems: Effects on proactive parenting and links to toddler disruptive behavior. Journal of Family Psychology, 21(3), 398–406.CrossRefPubMed Gardner, F., Shaw, D. S., Dishion, T. J., Burton, J., & Supplee, L. (2007). Randomized prevention trial for early conduct problems: Effects on proactive parenting and links to toddler disruptive behavior. Journal of Family Psychology, 21(3), 398–406.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Hagekull, B., Bohlin, G., & Hammarberg, A. (2001). The role of parental perceived control in child development: A longitudinal study. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 25(5), 429–437.CrossRef Hagekull, B., Bohlin, G., & Hammarberg, A. (2001). The role of parental perceived control in child development: A longitudinal study. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 25(5), 429–437.CrossRef
go back to reference Hamlyn-Wright, S., Draghi-Lorenz, R., & Ellis, J. (2007). Locus of control fails to mediate between stress and anxiety and depression in parents of children with a developmental disorder. Autism, 11(6), 489–501.CrossRefPubMed Hamlyn-Wright, S., Draghi-Lorenz, R., & Ellis, J. (2007). Locus of control fails to mediate between stress and anxiety and depression in parents of children with a developmental disorder. Autism, 11(6), 489–501.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Hassell, R., Rose, J., & McDonald, J. (2005). Parenting stress in mothers of children with an intellectual disability: The effects of parental cognitions in relation to child characteristics and family support. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 49, 405–418.CrossRef Hassell, R., Rose, J., & McDonald, J. (2005). Parenting stress in mothers of children with an intellectual disability: The effects of parental cognitions in relation to child characteristics and family support. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 49, 405–418.CrossRef
go back to reference Jouriles, E. N., McDonald, R., Rosenfield, D., Norwood, W. D., Spiller, L., Stephens, N., et al. (2010). Improving parenting in families referred for child maltreatment: A randomized controlled trial examining effects of project support. Journal of Family Psychology, 24(3), 328–338.CrossRefPubMed Jouriles, E. N., McDonald, R., Rosenfield, D., Norwood, W. D., Spiller, L., Stephens, N., et al. (2010). Improving parenting in families referred for child maltreatment: A randomized controlled trial examining effects of project support. Journal of Family Psychology, 24(3), 328–338.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Kaminski, J. W., Valle, L. A., Filene, J. H., & Boyle, C. L. (2008). A meta-analytic review of components associated with parent training program effectiveness. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 36, 567–589.CrossRefPubMed Kaminski, J. W., Valle, L. A., Filene, J. H., & Boyle, C. L. (2008). A meta-analytic review of components associated with parent training program effectiveness. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 36, 567–589.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Kashdan, T. B., Jacob, R. G., Pelham, W. E., Lang, A. R., Hoza, B., Blumenthal, J. D., & Gnagy, E. M. (2004). Depression and anxiety in parents of children with ADHD and varying levels of oppositional defiant behaviors: Modeling relationships with family functioning. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 33(1), 169–181.CrossRefPubMed Kashdan, T. B., Jacob, R. G., Pelham, W. E., Lang, A. R., Hoza, B., Blumenthal, J. D., & Gnagy, E. M. (2004). Depression and anxiety in parents of children with ADHD and varying levels of oppositional defiant behaviors: Modeling relationships with family functioning. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 33(1), 169–181.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Kokkinos, C. M., & Panayiotou, G. (2007). Parental discipline practices and locus of control: Relationship to bullying and victimization experiences of elementary school students. Social Psychology of Education, 10(3), 281–301.CrossRef Kokkinos, C. M., & Panayiotou, G. (2007). Parental discipline practices and locus of control: Relationship to bullying and victimization experiences of elementary school students. Social Psychology of Education, 10(3), 281–301.CrossRef
go back to reference McArdle, J. J. (2009). Latent variable modeling of differences and changes with longitudinal data. Annual review of psychology, 60, 577–605.CrossRefPubMed McArdle, J. J. (2009). Latent variable modeling of differences and changes with longitudinal data. Annual review of psychology, 60, 577–605.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Moreland, A. D. & Dumas, J. E. (2007). Evaluating child coping competence: Theory and measurement. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 17, 437–454. doi:10.1007/s10826-007-9165-y. Moreland, A. D. & Dumas, J. E. (2007). Evaluating child coping competence: Theory and measurement. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 17, 437–454. doi:10.​1007/​s10826-007-9165-y.
go back to reference Moreland, A. D. & Dumas, J. E. (2008). Categorical and Dimensional Approaches to the Measurement of Disruptive Behavior in the Preschool Years: A Meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 28, 1059–1070. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2008.03.001. Moreland, A. D. & Dumas, J. E. (2008). Categorical and Dimensional Approaches to the Measurement of Disruptive Behavior in the Preschool Years: A Meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 28, 1059–1070. doi:10.​1016/​j.​cpr.​2008.​03.​001.
go back to reference Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (2010). Mplus user's guide: Statistical analysis with latent variables: User’s guide. Muthén & Muthén. Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (2010). Mplus user's guide: Statistical analysis with latent variables: User’s guide. Muthén & Muthén.
go back to reference Webster-Stratton, C. (1992). Individually administered videotape parent training: “Who benefits?”. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 16(1), 31–52. Webster-Stratton, C. (1992). Individually administered videotape parent training: “Who benefits?”. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 16(1), 31–52.
go back to reference Podolski, C., & Nigg, J. T. (2001). Parent stress and coping in relation to child ADHD severity and associated child disruptive behavior problems. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 30, 503–513.CrossRefPubMed Podolski, C., & Nigg, J. T. (2001). Parent stress and coping in relation to child ADHD severity and associated child disruptive behavior problems. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 30, 503–513.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Reid, M. J., Webster-Stratton, C., & Baydar, N. (2004). Halting the development of conduct problems in head start children: The effects of parent training. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 33(2), 279–291.CrossRefPubMed Reid, M. J., Webster-Stratton, C., & Baydar, N. (2004). Halting the development of conduct problems in head start children: The effects of parent training. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 33(2), 279–291.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Robinson, J. P., Shaver, P. R., & Wrightsman, L. S. (1991). Measures of personality and social psychological attitudes (p. 753). San Diego, CA: Academic Press. Robinson, J. P., Shaver, P. R., & Wrightsman, L. S. (1991). Measures of personality and social psychological attitudes (p. 753). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
go back to reference Rotter, J. B. (1966). Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement. Psychological Monographs: General and Applied, 80(1), 1–28.CrossRef Rotter, J. B. (1966). Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement. Psychological Monographs: General and Applied, 80(1), 1–28.CrossRef
go back to reference Sanders, M. R. (1999). Triple P-positive parenting program: Towards an empirically validated multilevel parenting and family support strategy for the prevention of behavior and emotional problems in children. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 2(2), 71–90.CrossRefPubMed Sanders, M. R. (1999). Triple P-positive parenting program: Towards an empirically validated multilevel parenting and family support strategy for the prevention of behavior and emotional problems in children. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 2(2), 71–90.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Sandler, I., Wolchik, S., & Schoenfelder, E. (2011). Evidence-based family-focused prevention programs for children. Annual Review of Psychology, 62(1), 299–329.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Sandler, I., Wolchik, S., & Schoenfelder, E. (2011). Evidence-based family-focused prevention programs for children. Annual Review of Psychology, 62(1), 299–329.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Stormshak, E. A., Bierman, K. L., McMahon, R. J., & Lengua, L. J. (2000). Parenting practices and child disruptive behavior problems in early elementary school. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 29(1), 17–29.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Stormshak, E. A., Bierman, K. L., McMahon, R. J., & Lengua, L. J. (2000). Parenting practices and child disruptive behavior problems in early elementary school. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 29(1), 17–29.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Visconti, K. J., Saudino, K. J., Rappaport, L. A., Newburger, J. W., & Bellinger, D. (2002). Influence of parental stress and social support on the behavioral adjustment of children with transposition of the great arteries. Development and Behavioral Pediatrics, 23, 314–321.CrossRef Visconti, K. J., Saudino, K. J., Rappaport, L. A., Newburger, J. W., & Bellinger, D. (2002). Influence of parental stress and social support on the behavioral adjustment of children with transposition of the great arteries. Development and Behavioral Pediatrics, 23, 314–321.CrossRef
go back to reference Webster-Stratton, C., & Lindsay, D. W. (1999). Social competence and conduct problems in young children: Issues in assessment. Journal of clinical child psychology, 28(1), 25–43.CrossRefPubMed Webster-Stratton, C., & Lindsay, D. W. (1999). Social competence and conduct problems in young children: Issues in assessment. Journal of clinical child psychology, 28(1), 25–43.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Weersing, V. R., & Weisz, J. R. (2002). Mechanisms of action in youth psychotherapy. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 43(1), 3–29.CrossRefPubMed Weersing, V. R., & Weisz, J. R. (2002). Mechanisms of action in youth psychotherapy. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 43(1), 3–29.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Williford, A. P., Calkins, S. D., & Keane, S. P. (2007). Predicting change in parenting stress across early childhood: Child and maternal factors. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology: An official publication of the International Society for Research in Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, 35(2), 251–263.CrossRef Williford, A. P., Calkins, S. D., & Keane, S. P. (2007). Predicting change in parenting stress across early childhood: Child and maternal factors. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology: An official publication of the International Society for Research in Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, 35(2), 251–263.CrossRef
go back to reference Zeman, J., Shipman, K., & Suveg, C. (2002). Anger and sadness regulation: Predictions to internalizing and externalizing symptoms in children. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 31(3), 393–398.CrossRefPubMed Zeman, J., Shipman, K., & Suveg, C. (2002). Anger and sadness regulation: Predictions to internalizing and externalizing symptoms in children. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 31(3), 393–398.CrossRefPubMed
Metagegevens
Titel
The Relation Between Parenting Stress, Locus of Control and Child Outcomes: Predictors of Change in a Parenting Intervention
Auteurs
Angela D. Moreland
Julia W. Felton
Rochelle F. Hanson
Carrie Jackson
Jean E. Dumas
Publicatiedatum
24-02-2016
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Child and Family Studies / Uitgave 6/2016
Print ISSN: 1062-1024
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2843
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-016-0370-4

Andere artikelen Uitgave 6/2016

Journal of Child and Family Studies 6/2016 Naar de uitgave