Top

Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology

Gepubliceerd in:

16-07-2019

The Impact of Treatment Expectations on Exposure Process and Treatment Outcome in Childhood Anxiety Disorders

Auteurs: Monica S. Wu, Nicole E. Caporino, Tara S. Peris, Jocelyn Pérez, Hardian Thamrin, Anne Marie Albano, Philip C. Kendall, John T. Walkup, Boris Birmaher, Scott N. Compton, John Piacentini

Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology | Uitgave 1/2020

Abstract

This study examined the relationship between caregivers’ and youths’ treatment expectations and characteristics of exposure tasks (quantity, mastery, compliance) in cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for childhood anxiety. Additionally, compliance with exposure tasks was tested as a mediator of the relationship between treatment expectations and symptom improvement. Data were from youth (N = 279; 7–17 years old) enrolled in the Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Study (CAMS) and randomized to cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) or the combination of CBT and sertraline for the treatment of separation anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and social phobia. Caregivers and youth independently reported treatment expectations prior to randomization, anxiety was assessed pre- and post-treatment by independent evaluators blind to treatment condition, and exposure characteristics were recorded by the cognitive-behavioral therapists following each session. For both caregivers and youths, more positive expectations that anxiety would improve with treatment were associated with greater compliance with exposure tasks, and compliance mediated the relationship between treatment expectations and change in anxiety symptoms following treatment. Additionally, more positive parent treatment expectations were related to a greater number and percentage of sessions with exposure. More positive youth treatment expectations were associated with greater mastery during sessions focused on exposure. Findings underscore the importance of addressing parents’ and youths’ treatment expectations at the outset of therapy to facilitate engagement in exposure and maximize therapeutic gains.

vorige artikel Longitudinal Study of Sleep and Internalizing Problems in Youth Treated for Pediatric Anxiety Disorders

volgende artikel Preschool-Onset Major Depressive Disorder is Characterized by Electrocortical Deficits in Processing Pleasant Emotional Pictures

Ale, C. M., McCarthy, D. M., Rothschild, L. M., & Whiteside, S. P. H. (2015). Components of cognitive behavioral therapy related to outcome in childhood anxiety disorders. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 18(3), 240–251. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-015-0184-8.CrossRefPubMed

American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., Text Revision ed.). Washington, DC.

Beard, C., Stein, A. T., Hearon, B. A., Lee, J., Hsu, K. J., & Bjorgvinsson, T. (2016). Predictors of depression treatment response in an intensive CBT partial hospital. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 72(4), 297–310. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22269.CrossRefPubMed

Beesdo, K., Knappe, S., & Pine, D. S. (2009). Anxiety and anxiety disorders in children and adolescents: Developmental issues and implications for DSM-V. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 32(3), 483–524.CrossRefPubMed

Bouchard, S., Mendlowitz, S. L., Coles, M. E., & Franklin, M. (2004). Considerations in the use of exposure with children. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 11, 56–65.CrossRef

Burstein, M., & Ginsburg, G. S. (2010). The effect of parental modeling of anxious behaviors and cognitions in school-aged children: An experimental pilot study. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 48(6), 506–515. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2010.02.006.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Caporino, N. E., Brodman, D. M., Kendall, P. C., Albano, A. M., Sherrill, J., Piacentini, J., Sakolsky, D., Birmaher, B., Compton, S. N., Ginsburg, G., Rynn, M., McCracken, J., Gosch, E., Keeton, C., March, J., & Walkup, J. T. (2013). Defining treatment response and remission in child anxiety: Signal detection analysis using the pediatric anxiety rating scale. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 52(1), 57–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2012.10.006.CrossRefPubMed

Chambless, D. L., Tran, G. Q., & Glass, C. R. (1997). Predictors of response to cognitive-behavioral group therapy for social phobia. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 11(3), 221–240.CrossRefPubMed

Compton, S. N., Peris, T. S., Almirall, D., Birmaher, B., Sherrill, J., Kendall, P. C., March, J. S., Gosch, E. A., Ginsburg, G. S., Rynn, M. A., Piacentini, J. C., McCracken, J. T., Keeton, C. P., Suveg, C. M., Aschenbrand, S. G., Sakolsky, D., Iyengar, S., Walkup, J. T., & Albano, A. M. (2014). Predictors and moderators of treatment response in childhood anxiety disorders: Results from the CAMS trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 82(2), 212–224. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0035458.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Compton, S. N., Walkup, J. T., Albano, A. M., Piacentini, J. C., Birmaher, B., Sherrill, J. T., Ginsburg, G. S., Rynn, M. A., McCracken, J. T., Waslick, B. D., Iyengar, S., Kendall, P. C., & March, J. S. (2010). Child/adolescent anxiety multimodal study (CAMS): Rationale, design, and methods. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 4, 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/1753-2000-4-1.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Connolly, S. D., Bernstein, G. A., & Work Group on Quality Issues. (2007). Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with anxiety disorders. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 46(2), 267–283. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.chi.0000246070.23695.06.CrossRefPubMed

Cormier, S., Lavigne, G. L., Choiniere, M., & Rainville, P. (2016). Expectations predict chronic pain treatment outcomes. Pain, 157(2), 329–338. https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000379.CrossRefPubMed

Craske, M. G., Kircanski, K., Zelikowsky, M., Mystkowski, J., Chowdhury, N., & Baker, A. (2008). Optimizing inhibitory learning during exposure therapy. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 46(1), 5–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2007.10.003.CrossRefPubMed

Craske, M. G., Treanor, M., Conway, C. C., Zbozinek, T., & Vervliet, B. (2014). Maximizing exposure therapy: An inhibitory learning approach. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 58, 10–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2014.04.006.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Curry, J., Rohde, P., Simons, A., Silva, S., Vitiello, B., Kratochvil, C., et al. (2006). Predictors and moderators of acute outcome in the treatment for adolescents with depression study (TADS). Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 45(12), 1427–1439. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.chi.0000240838.78984.e2.CrossRefPubMed

Deacon, B. J., & Farrell, N. R. (2013). Therapist barriers to the dissemination of exposure therapy Handbook of treating variants and complications in anxiety disorders (pp. 363–373). New York, NY: Springer.

Deacon, B. J., Farrell, N. R., Kemp, J. J., Dixon, L. J., Sy, J. T., Zhang, A. R., & McGrath, P. B. (2013). Assessing therapist reservations about exposure therapy for anxiety disorders: The therapist beliefs about exposure scale. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 27(8), 772–780. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2013.04.006.CrossRefPubMed

Dew, S. E., & Bickman, L. (2005). Client expectancies about therapy. Mental Health Services Research, 7(1), 21–33. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11020-005-1963-5.CrossRefPubMed

Ginsburg, G. S., Becker, E. M., Keeton, C. P., Sakolsky, D., Piacentini, J., Albano, A. M., Compton, S. N., Iyengar, S., Sullivan, K., Caporino, N., Peris, T., Birmaher, B., Rynn, M., March, J., & Kendall, P. C. (2014). Naturalistic follow-up of youths treated for pediatric anxiety disorders. JAMA Psychiatry, 71(3), 310–318. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.4186.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Ginsburg, G. S., Kendall, P. C., Sakolsky, D., Compton, S. N., Piacentini, J., Albano, A. M., Walkup, J. T., Sherrill, J., Coffey, K. A., Rynn, M. A., Keeton, C. P., McCracken, J. T., Bergman, L., Iyengar, S., Birmaher, B., & March, J. (2011). Remission after acute treatment in children and adolescents with anxiety disorders: Findings from the CAMS. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 79(6), 806–813. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0025933.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Glass, C. R., Arnkoff, D. B., & Shapiro, S. J. (2001). Expectations and preferences. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 38(4), 455–461. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-3204.38.4.455.CrossRef

Greenberg, R. P., Constantino, M. J., & Bruce, N. (2006). Are patient expectations still relevant for psychotherapy process and outcome? Clinical Psychology Review, 26(6), 657–678. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2005.03.002.CrossRefPubMed

Hayes, A. F. (2009). Beyond baron and Kenny: Statistical mediation analysis in the new millennium. Communication Monographs, 76(4), 408–420. https://doi.org/10.1080/03637750903310360.CrossRef

Hayes, A. F. (2017). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Guilford Publications.

Hudson, J. L., & Kendall, P. C. (2002). Showing you can do it: Homework in therapy for children and adolescents with anxiety disorders. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58(5), 525–534. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.10030.CrossRefPubMed

Johnco, C. J., Salloum, A., Lewin, A. B., & Storch, E. A. (2015). Refining clinical judgment of treatment response and symptom remission identification in childhood anxiety using a signal detection analysis on the pediatric anxiety rating scale. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 25(9), 674–683. https://doi.org/10.1089/cap.2015.0102.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Kagan, E. R., Frank, H. E., & Kendall, P. C. (2017). Accommodation in youth with OCD and anxiety. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 24(1), 78–98.

Kagan, E. R., Frank, H. E., & Kendall, P. C. (2018). Accommodation in youths’ mental health: Evidence and issues. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 27(4), 227–231.CrossRef

Kendall, P. C., Choudhury, M., Hudson, J., & Webb, A. (2002). The CAT project therapist manual. Ardmore, PA: Workbook Publishing.

Kendall, P. C., Chu, B., Gifford, A., Hayes, C., & Nauta, M. (1999). Breathing life into a manual: Flexibility and creativity with manual-based treatments. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 5(2), 177–198.CrossRef

Kendall, P. C., Compton, S. N., Walkup, J. T., Birmaher, B., Albano, A. M., Sherrill, J., Ginsburg, G., Rynn, M., McCracken, J., Gosch, E., Keeton, C., Bergman, L., Sakolsky, D., Suveg, C., Iyengar, S., March, J., & Piacentini, J. (2010). Clinical characteristics of anxiety disordered youth. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 24(3), 360–365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2010.01.009.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Kendall, P. C., & Hedtke, K. A. (2006). Cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxious children: Therapist manual (3rd ed.). Ardmore, PA: Workbook Publishing.

Kendall, P. C., Robin, J. A., Hedtke, K. A., Suveg, C., Flannery-Schroeder, E., & Gosch, E. (2006). Considering CBT with anxious youth? Think exposures. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 12(1), 136–148.CrossRef

Langley, A. K., Falk, A., Peris, T., Wiley, J. F., Kendall, P. C., Ginsburg, G., Birmaher, B., March, J., Albano, A. M., & Piacentini, J. (2014). The child anxiety impact scale: Examining parent- and child-reported impairment in child anxiety disorders. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 43(4), 579–591. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2013.817311.CrossRefPubMed

Lewin, A. B., Peris, T. S., Bergman, R. L., McCracken, J. T., & Piacentini, J. (2011). The role of treatment expectancy in youth receiving exposure-based CBT for obsessive compulsive disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 49(9), 536–543. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2011.06.001.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Lundkvist-Houndoumadi, I., Hougaard, E., & Thastum, M. (2014). Pre-treatment child and family characteristics as predictors of outcome in cognitive behavioural therapy for youth anxiety disorders. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 68(8), 524–535. https://doi.org/10.3109/08039488.2014.903295.CrossRefPubMed

Mackinnon, D. P., Lockwood, C. M., & Williams, J. (2004). Confidence limits for the indirect effect: Distribution of the product and resampling methods. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 39(1), 99–128. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327906mbr3901_4.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Mausbach, B. T., Moore, R., Roesch, S., Cardenas, V., & Patterson, T. L. (2010). The relationship between homework compliance and therapy outcomes: An updated meta-analysis. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 34(5), 429–438. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-010-9297-z.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Morrissey-Kane, E., & Prinz, R. J. (1999). Engagement in child and adolescent treatment: The role of parental cognitions and attributions. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 2(3), 183–198. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1021807106455.CrossRefPubMed

Newman, M. G., & Fisher, A. J. (2010). Expectancy/credibility change as a mediator of cognitive behavioral therapy for generalized anxiety disorder: Mechanism of action or proxy for symptom change? International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 3, 245–261. https://doi.org/10.1521/ijct.2010.3.3.245.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Norris, L. A., Rikfin, L. S., Olino, T. M., Piacentini, J., Albano, A. M., Birmaher, B., Ginsburg, G. S., Walkup, J. T., Compton, S. N., Gosch, E. A., & Kendall, P. C. (2019). Multi-informant expectancies and treatment outcomes for anxiety in youth. Child Psychiatry and Human Development. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-019-00900-w.

Peris, T. S., Caporino, N. E., O'Rourke, S., Kendall, P. C., Walkup, J. T., Albano, A. M., et al. (2017). Therapist-reported features of exposure tasks that predict differential treatment outcomes for youth with anxiety. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 56(12), 1043–1052. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2017.10.001.CrossRefPubMed

Peris, T. S., Compton, S. N., Kendall, P. C., Birmaher, B., Sherrill, J., March, J., Gosch, E., Ginsburg, G., Rynn, M., McCracken, J. T., Keeton, C. P., Sakolsky, D., Suveg, C., Aschenbrand, S., Almirall, D., Iyengar, S., Walkup, J. T., Albano, A. M., & Piacentini, J. (2015). Trajectories of change in youth anxiety during cognitive-behavior therapy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 83(2), 239–252. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038402.CrossRefPubMed

Peterman, J. S., Read, K. L., Wei, C., & Kendall, P. C. (2015). The art of exposure: Putting science into practice. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 22(3), 379–392.CrossRef

Piacentini, J., Bennett, S., Compton, S. N., Kendall, P. C., Birmaher, B., Albano, A. M., March, J., Sherrill, J., Sakolsky, D., Ginsburg, G., Rynn, M., Bergman, R. L., Gosch, E., Waslick, B., Iyengar, S., McCracken, J., & Walkup, J. (2014). 24- and 36-week outcomes for the child/adolescent anxiety multimodal study (CAMS). Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 53(3), 297–310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2013.11.010.CrossRefPubMed

Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods, 40(3), 879–891.CrossRefPubMed

Price, M., Anderson, P., Henrich, C. C., & Rothbaum, B. O. (2008). Greater expectations: Using hierarchical linear modeling to examine expectancy for treatment outcome as a predictor of treatment response. Behavior Therapy, 39(4), 398–405. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2007.12.002.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Price, M., & Anderson, P. L. (2012). Outcome expectancy as a predictor of treatment response in cognitive behavioral therapy for public speaking fears within social anxiety disorder. Psychotherapy (Chicago, Ill.), 49(2), 173–179.CrossRef

Research Units on Pediatric Psychopharmacology Anxiety Study Group. (2002). The pediatric anxiety rating scale (PARS): Development and psychometric properties. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 41(9), 1061–1069.CrossRef

Reynolds, S., Wilson, C., Austin, J., & Hooper, L. (2012). Effects of psychotherapy for anxiety in children and adolescents: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 32(4), 251–262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2012.01.005.CrossRefPubMed

Rutherford, B. R., Wager, T. D., & Roose, S. P. (2010). Expectancy and the treatment of depression: A review of experimental methodology and effects on patient outcome. Current Psychiatry Reviews, 6(1), 1–10.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Safren, S. A., Heimberg, R. G., & Juster, H. R. (1997). Clients' expectancies and their relationship to pretreatment symptomatology and outcome of cognitive-behavioral group treatment for social phobia. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65(4), 694–698.CrossRefPubMed

Selles, R. R., McBride, N. M., Dammann, J., Whiteside, S. P., Small, B. J., Phares, V., & Storch, E. A. (2017). The treatment worries questionnaire: Conjoined measures for evaluating worries about psychosocial treatment in youth and their parents. Psychiatry Research, 250, 159–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2017.01.039.CrossRefPubMed

Serafini, K., Kiluk, B. D., Babuscio, T., & Carroll, K. M. (2016). Patient pre-treatment expectations do not predict cocaine use outcomes: Data from four clinical trials. Substance Use and Misuse, 51(11), 1484–1492. https://doi.org/10.1080/10826084.2016.1188945.CrossRefPubMed

Shuman, A. L., & Shapiro, J. P. (2002). The effects of preparing parents for child psychotherapy on accuracy of expectations and treatment attendance. Community Mental Health Journal, 38(1), 3–16. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1013908629870.CrossRefPubMed

Silverman, W. K., & Albano, A. M. (1996). The anxiety disorders interview schedule for DSM-IV - child and parent versions. San Antonio, TX: Graywind Publications.

Silverman, W. K., Saavedra, L. M., & Pina, A. A. (2001). Test-retest reliability of anxiety symptoms and diagnoses with the anxiety disorders interview schedule for DSM-IV: Child and parent versions. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 40(8), 937–944. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-200108000-00016.CrossRefPubMed

Swan, A. J., & Kendall, P. C. (2016). Fear and missing out: Youth anxiety and functional outcomes. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice.

Taylor, J. H., Lebowitz, E. R., Jakubovski, E., Coughlin, C. G., Silverman, W. K., & Bloch, M. H. (2017). Monotherapy insufficient in severe anxiety? Predictors and moderators in the Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Study. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 47, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2017.1371028.CrossRef

Tilbury, C., Haanstra, T. M., Verdegaal, S. H. M., Nelissen, R., de Vet, H. C. W., Vliet Vlieland, T. P. M., & Ostelo, R. W. (2018). Patients' pre-operative general and specific outcome expectations predict postoperative pain and function after total knee and total hip arthroplasties. Scandinavian Journal of Pain., 18, 457–466. https://doi.org/10.1515/sjpain-2018-0022.CrossRefPubMed

Vorstenbosch, V., & Laposa, J. M. (2015). Treatment expectancy for anxiety change and response to cognitive behavioral therapy for OCD. Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, 5, 55–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocrd.2015.02.003.CrossRef

Walkup, J. T., Albano, A. M., Piacentini, J., Birmaher, B., Compton, S. N., Sherrill, J. T., Ginsburg, G. S., Rynn, M. A., McCracken, J., Waslick, B., Iyengar, S., March, J. S., & Kendall, P. C. (2008). Cognitive behavioral therapy, sertraline, or a combination in childhood anxiety. New England Journal of Medicine, 359(26), 2753–2766. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa0804633.CrossRefPubMed

Westra, H. A., Dozois, D. J. A., & Marcus, M. (2007). Expectancy, homework compliance, and initial change in cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxiety. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 75(3), 363–373. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.75.3.363.CrossRefPubMed

Whiteside, S. P., Ale, C. M., Young, B., Dammann, J. E., Tiede, M. S., & Biggs, B. K. (2015). The feasibility of improving CBT for childhood anxiety disorders through a dismantling study. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 73, 83–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2015.07.011.CrossRefPubMed

Whiteside, S. P., Deacon, B. J., Benito, K., & Stewart, E. (2016). Factors associated with practitioners’ use of exposure therapy for childhood anxiety disorders. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 40, 29–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2016.04.001.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Williams, J., & Mackinnon, D. P. (2008). Resampling and distribution of the product methods for testing indirect effects in complex models. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 15(1), 23–51. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705510701758166.CrossRef

Wood, J. J., Piacentini, J. C., Bergman, R. L., McCracken, J., & Barrios, V. (2002). Concurrent validity of the anxiety disorders section of the anxiety disorders interview schedule for DSM-IV: Child and parent versions. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 31(3), 335–342. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15374424jccp3103_05.CrossRefPubMed

Wu, M. S., Salloum, A., Lewin, A. B., Selles, R. R., McBride, N. M., Crawford, E. A., & Storch, E. A. (2016). Treatment concerns and functional impairment in pediatric anxiety. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 47(4), 627–635. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-015-0596-1.CrossRef

Zhao, X., Lynch, J. G., Jr., & Chen, Q. (2010). Reconsidering baron and Kenny: Myths and truths about mediation analysis. Journal of Consumer Research, 37(2), 197–206.CrossRef

Titel: The Impact of Treatment Expectations on Exposure Process and Treatment Outcome in Childhood Anxiety Disorders
Auteurs: Monica S. Wu
Nicole E. Caporino
Tara S. Peris
Jocelyn Pérez
Hardian Thamrin
Anne Marie Albano
Philip C. Kendall
John T. Walkup
Boris Birmaher
Scott N. Compton
John Piacentini
Publicatiedatum: 16-07-2019
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology / Uitgave 1/2020
Print ISSN: 2730-7166
Elektronisch ISSN: 2730-7174
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-019-00574-x

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Andere artikelen Uitgave 1/2020

Factor Structure of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits in a Representative Sample of German 9th Grade Students

Longitudinal Study of Sleep and Internalizing Problems in Youth Treated for Pediatric Anxiety Disorders

Parent Emotion Socialization and Child Emotional Vulnerability as Predictors of Borderline Personality Features

Cumulative Antenatal Risk and Kindergarten Readiness in Preterm-Born Preschoolers

Language Predictors in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Insights from Neurodevelopmental Profile in a Longitudinal Perspective

Social Rejection and Suicidal Ideation and Attempts among Adolescents Following Hospitalization: a Prospective Study