Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in: Quality of Life Research 6/2016

01-06-2016

The impact of taste and smell alterations on quality of life in head and neck cancer patients

Auteurs: M. Alvarez-Camacho, S. Gonella, S. Ghosh, C. Kubrak, R. A. Scrimger, K. P. Chu, W. V. Wismer

Gepubliceerd in: Quality of Life Research | Uitgave 6/2016

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

Purpose

Taste and smell alterations (TSAs) are among the most frequent and troublesome symptoms reported by head and neck cancer (HNC) patients after treatment. Little is known about the relationship between TSAs and quality of life (QoL) among HNC patients. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of TSAs on overall QoL among tube-fed and orally fed HNC patients before treatment, at end of treatment and at 2.5-month follow-up.

Methods

Data were collected in a longitudinal study prior to treatment (n = 126), at end of treatment (n = 100) and at 2.5-month follow-up (n = 85). Chemosensory Complaint Score (CCS) and the University of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire version 3 were used to assess TSAs and QoL, respectively. Generalized estimated equation modeling was used to estimate the effect of CCS on QoL.

Results

At end of treatment, QoL and CCS had declined for both tube-fed and orally fed patients and thereafter improved, but not to pre-treatment levels. Neither QoL nor CCS mean scores were different between the two groups at any time point. CCS was a significant predictor of overall QoL (β = −1.82, p < 0.0001), social-emotional (β = −1.76, p < 0.0001), physical (β = −1.12, p < 0.0001) and overall functions (β = −1.15, p < 0.0001) at a multivariate level. Taste was reported as an important symptom for both tube-fed and orally fed groups at end of treatment and follow-up.

Conclusions

TSAs are an important symptom and an independent predictor of QoL for both tube-fed and orally fed HNC patients. HNC patients need support to manage TSAs, regardless of the method of nutritional intake.
Bijlagen
Alleen toegankelijk voor geautoriseerde gebruikers
Literatuur
1.
go back to reference de Graeff, A., de Leeuw, J. R. J., Ros, W. J. G., Hordijk, G. J., Blijham, G. H., & Winnubst, J. A. M. (2000). Pretreatment factors predicting quality of life after treatment for head and neck cancer. Head and Neck, 22(4), 398–407.CrossRefPubMed de Graeff, A., de Leeuw, J. R. J., Ros, W. J. G., Hordijk, G. J., Blijham, G. H., & Winnubst, J. A. M. (2000). Pretreatment factors predicting quality of life after treatment for head and neck cancer. Head and Neck, 22(4), 398–407.CrossRefPubMed
2.
go back to reference Epstein, J., Robertson, M., Emerton, S., Phillips, N., & Stevenson-Moore, P. (2001). Quality of life and oral function in patients treated with radiation therapy for head and neck cancer. Head and Neck, 23(5), 389–398.CrossRefPubMed Epstein, J., Robertson, M., Emerton, S., Phillips, N., & Stevenson-Moore, P. (2001). Quality of life and oral function in patients treated with radiation therapy for head and neck cancer. Head and Neck, 23(5), 389–398.CrossRefPubMed
3.
go back to reference Bonnetain, F. (2010). Health related quality of life and endpoints in oncology. Cancer Radiotherapie, 14(6–7), 515–518.CrossRefPubMed Bonnetain, F. (2010). Health related quality of life and endpoints in oncology. Cancer Radiotherapie, 14(6–7), 515–518.CrossRefPubMed
4.
go back to reference Rampling, T., King, H., Mais, K., Humphris, G., Swindell, R., Sykes, A., & Slevin, N. (2003). Quality of life measurement in the head and neck cancer radiotherapy clinic: Is it feasible and worthwhile? Clinical Oncology, 15(4), 205–210.CrossRefPubMed Rampling, T., King, H., Mais, K., Humphris, G., Swindell, R., Sykes, A., & Slevin, N. (2003). Quality of life measurement in the head and neck cancer radiotherapy clinic: Is it feasible and worthwhile? Clinical Oncology, 15(4), 205–210.CrossRefPubMed
5.
go back to reference Epstein, J. B., Emerton, S., Kolbinson, D. A., Le, N. D., Phillips, N., Stevenson-Moore, P., & Osoba, D. (1999). Quality of life and oral function following radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Head and Neck, 21, 1–11.CrossRefPubMed Epstein, J. B., Emerton, S., Kolbinson, D. A., Le, N. D., Phillips, N., Stevenson-Moore, P., & Osoba, D. (1999). Quality of life and oral function following radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Head and Neck, 21, 1–11.CrossRefPubMed
6.
go back to reference Brisbois, T. D., de Kock, I. H., Watanabe, S. M., Baracos, V. E., & Wismer, W. V. (2011). Characterization of chemosensory alterations in advanced cancer reveals specific chemosensory phenotypes impacting dietary intake and quality of life. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 41(4), 673–683.CrossRefPubMed Brisbois, T. D., de Kock, I. H., Watanabe, S. M., Baracos, V. E., & Wismer, W. V. (2011). Characterization of chemosensory alterations in advanced cancer reveals specific chemosensory phenotypes impacting dietary intake and quality of life. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 41(4), 673–683.CrossRefPubMed
7.
go back to reference Bernhardson, B. M., Tishelman, C., & Rutqvist, L. E. (2008). Self-reported taste and smell changes during cancer chemotherapy. Supportive Care in Cancer, 16(3), 275–283.CrossRefPubMed Bernhardson, B. M., Tishelman, C., & Rutqvist, L. E. (2008). Self-reported taste and smell changes during cancer chemotherapy. Supportive Care in Cancer, 16(3), 275–283.CrossRefPubMed
8.
go back to reference Hutton, J. L., Baracos, V. E., & Wismer, W. V. (2007). Chemosensory dysfunction is a primary factor in the evolution of declining nutritional status and quality of life in patients with advanced cancer. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 33(2), 156–165.CrossRefPubMed Hutton, J. L., Baracos, V. E., & Wismer, W. V. (2007). Chemosensory dysfunction is a primary factor in the evolution of declining nutritional status and quality of life in patients with advanced cancer. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 33(2), 156–165.CrossRefPubMed
9.
go back to reference Rose-Ped, A., Bellm, L., Epstein, J., Trotti, A., Gwede, C., & Fuchs, H. (2002). Complications of radiation therapy for head and neck cancers: The patient’s perspective. Cancer Nursing, 25(6), 461–467.CrossRefPubMed Rose-Ped, A., Bellm, L., Epstein, J., Trotti, A., Gwede, C., & Fuchs, H. (2002). Complications of radiation therapy for head and neck cancers: The patient’s perspective. Cancer Nursing, 25(6), 461–467.CrossRefPubMed
10.
go back to reference Bernhardson, B. M., Olson, K., Baracos, V. E., & Wismer, W. V. (2012). Reframing eating during chemotherapy in cancer patients with chemosensory alterations. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 16, 483–490.CrossRefPubMed Bernhardson, B. M., Olson, K., Baracos, V. E., & Wismer, W. V. (2012). Reframing eating during chemotherapy in cancer patients with chemosensory alterations. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 16, 483–490.CrossRefPubMed
11.
go back to reference Bansal, M., Mohanti, B. K., Shah, N., Chaudhry, R., Bahadur, S., & Shukla, N. K. (2004). Radiation related morbidities and their impact on quality of life in head and neck cancer patients receiving radical radiotherapy. Quality of Life Research, 13(2), 481–488.CrossRefPubMed Bansal, M., Mohanti, B. K., Shah, N., Chaudhry, R., Bahadur, S., & Shukla, N. K. (2004). Radiation related morbidities and their impact on quality of life in head and neck cancer patients receiving radical radiotherapy. Quality of Life Research, 13(2), 481–488.CrossRefPubMed
12.
go back to reference Hong, J. H., Omur-Ozbek, P., Stanek, B. T., Dietrich, A. M., Duncan, S. E., Lee, Y. W., & Lesser, G. (2009). Taste and odor abnormalities in cancer patients. The Journal of Supportive Oncology, 7(2), 58–65.PubMed Hong, J. H., Omur-Ozbek, P., Stanek, B. T., Dietrich, A. M., Duncan, S. E., Lee, Y. W., & Lesser, G. (2009). Taste and odor abnormalities in cancer patients. The Journal of Supportive Oncology, 7(2), 58–65.PubMed
13.
go back to reference Kubrak, C., Olson, K., Jha, N., Scrimger, R., Parliament, M., McCargar, L., et al. (2012). Clinical determinants of weight loss in patients receiving radiation and chemoirradiation for head and neck cancer: A prospective longitudinal view. Head and Neck, 35(5), 695–703.CrossRefPubMed Kubrak, C., Olson, K., Jha, N., Scrimger, R., Parliament, M., McCargar, L., et al. (2012). Clinical determinants of weight loss in patients receiving radiation and chemoirradiation for head and neck cancer: A prospective longitudinal view. Head and Neck, 35(5), 695–703.CrossRefPubMed
14.
go back to reference Nugent, B., Lewis, S., & O’Sullivan, J. M. (2013). Enteral feeding methods for nutritional management in patients with head and neck cancers being treated with radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 1, 007904. Nugent, B., Lewis, S., & O’Sullivan, J. M. (2013). Enteral feeding methods for nutritional management in patients with head and neck cancers being treated with radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 1, 007904.
15.
go back to reference Cheng, S. S., Terrell, J. E., Bradford, C. R., Ronis, D. L., Fowler, K. E., Prince, M. E., et al. (2006). Variables associated with feeding tube placement in head and neck cancer. Archives of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, 132(6), 655–661.CrossRefPubMed Cheng, S. S., Terrell, J. E., Bradford, C. R., Ronis, D. L., Fowler, K. E., Prince, M. E., et al. (2006). Variables associated with feeding tube placement in head and neck cancer. Archives of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, 132(6), 655–661.CrossRefPubMed
16.
go back to reference Hovan, A. J., Williams, P. M., Stevenson-Moore, P., Wahlin, Y. B., Ohrn, K. E., Elting, L. S., et al. (2010). A systematic review of dysgeusia induced by cancer therapies. Supportive Care in Cancer, 18(8), 1081–1087.CrossRefPubMed Hovan, A. J., Williams, P. M., Stevenson-Moore, P., Wahlin, Y. B., Ohrn, K. E., Elting, L. S., et al. (2010). A systematic review of dysgeusia induced by cancer therapies. Supportive Care in Cancer, 18(8), 1081–1087.CrossRefPubMed
17.
go back to reference Redda, M. G. R., & Allis, S. (2006). Radiotherapy-induced taste impairment. Cancer Treatment Reviews, 32, 541–547.CrossRef Redda, M. G. R., & Allis, S. (2006). Radiotherapy-induced taste impairment. Cancer Treatment Reviews, 32, 541–547.CrossRef
18.
go back to reference Vissink, A., Jansma, J., Spijkervet, F. K. L., Burlage, F. R., & Coppes, R. P. (2003). Oral sequelae of head and neck radiotherapy. Critical Reviews in Oral Biology and Medicine, 14(3), 199–212.CrossRefPubMed Vissink, A., Jansma, J., Spijkervet, F. K. L., Burlage, F. R., & Coppes, R. P. (2003). Oral sequelae of head and neck radiotherapy. Critical Reviews in Oral Biology and Medicine, 14(3), 199–212.CrossRefPubMed
19.
go back to reference Baharvand, M., Shoalehsaadi, N., Barakian, R., & Jalali Moghaddam, E. (2012). Taste alteration and impact on quality of life after head and neck radiotherapy. Journal of Oral Pathology and Medicine, 42(1), 106–112.CrossRefPubMed Baharvand, M., Shoalehsaadi, N., Barakian, R., & Jalali Moghaddam, E. (2012). Taste alteration and impact on quality of life after head and neck radiotherapy. Journal of Oral Pathology and Medicine, 42(1), 106–112.CrossRefPubMed
20.
go back to reference Fang, F. M., Chien, C. Y., Tsai, W. L., Chen, H. C., Hsu, H. C., Lui, C. C., et al. (2008). Quality of life and survival outcome for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma receiving three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy vs. intensity-modulated radiotherapy—A longitudinal study. International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics, 72(2), 356–364.CrossRef Fang, F. M., Chien, C. Y., Tsai, W. L., Chen, H. C., Hsu, H. C., Lui, C. C., et al. (2008). Quality of life and survival outcome for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma receiving three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy vs. intensity-modulated radiotherapy—A longitudinal study. International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics, 72(2), 356–364.CrossRef
21.
go back to reference Chencharick, J. D., & Mossman, K. L. (1983). Nutritional consequences of the radiotherapy of head and neck cancer. Cancer, 51, 811–815.CrossRefPubMed Chencharick, J. D., & Mossman, K. L. (1983). Nutritional consequences of the radiotherapy of head and neck cancer. Cancer, 51, 811–815.CrossRefPubMed
22.
go back to reference List, M., Stracks, J., Colangelo, L., Butler, P., Ganzenko, N., Lundy, D., et al. (2000). How do head and neck cancer patients prioritize treatment outcomes before initiating treatment? Journal of Clinical Oncology, 18(4), 877–884.PubMed List, M., Stracks, J., Colangelo, L., Butler, P., Ganzenko, N., Lundy, D., et al. (2000). How do head and neck cancer patients prioritize treatment outcomes before initiating treatment? Journal of Clinical Oncology, 18(4), 877–884.PubMed
23.
go back to reference Mowry, S. E., LoTempio, M. M., Sadeghi, A., Wang, K. H., & Wang, M. B. (2006). Quality of life outcomes in laryngeal and oropharyngeal cancer patients after chemoradiation. Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, 135(4), 565–570.CrossRefPubMed Mowry, S. E., LoTempio, M. M., Sadeghi, A., Wang, K. H., & Wang, M. B. (2006). Quality of life outcomes in laryngeal and oropharyngeal cancer patients after chemoradiation. Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, 135(4), 565–570.CrossRefPubMed
24.
go back to reference Friedman, M. L. (1997). Basic issues and challenges. In Improving the quality of life: A holistic scientific strategy (pp. 4–17). Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers. Friedman, M. L. (1997). Basic issues and challenges. In Improving the quality of life: A holistic scientific strategy (pp. 4–17). Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers.
25.
go back to reference Gibson, R. S. (1990). Principles of nutritional assessment. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. Gibson, R. S. (1990). Principles of nutritional assessment. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
26.
go back to reference Bruera, E., Chadwick, S., Cowan, L., Drebit, D., Hanson, J., MacDonald, N., et al. (1986). Caloric intake assessment in advanced cancer patients: comparison of three methods. Cancer Treatment Reports, 70(8), 981–983.PubMed Bruera, E., Chadwick, S., Cowan, L., Drebit, D., Hanson, J., MacDonald, N., et al. (1986). Caloric intake assessment in advanced cancer patients: comparison of three methods. Cancer Treatment Reports, 70(8), 981–983.PubMed
27.
go back to reference Heald, A. E., Pieper, C. F., & Schiffman, S. S. (1998). Taste and smell complaints in HIV-infected patients. AIDS, 12(13), 1667–1674.CrossRefPubMed Heald, A. E., Pieper, C. F., & Schiffman, S. S. (1998). Taste and smell complaints in HIV-infected patients. AIDS, 12(13), 1667–1674.CrossRefPubMed
28.
go back to reference Rogers, S. N., & Lowe, D. (2010). The University of Washington Quality of Life Scale. In V. R. Preedy & R. R. Watson (Eds.), Handbook of disease burdens and quality of life measures (p. 101). New York, USA: Springer Science+Business MEDIA LLC.CrossRef Rogers, S. N., & Lowe, D. (2010). The University of Washington Quality of Life Scale. In V. R. Preedy & R. R. Watson (Eds.), Handbook of disease burdens and quality of life measures (p. 101). New York, USA: Springer Science+Business MEDIA LLC.CrossRef
29.
go back to reference Hassan, S. J., & Weymuller, E. A. (1993). Assessment of quality of life in head and neck cancer patients. Head and Neck, 15(6), 485–496.CrossRefPubMed Hassan, S. J., & Weymuller, E. A. (1993). Assessment of quality of life in head and neck cancer patients. Head and Neck, 15(6), 485–496.CrossRefPubMed
30.
go back to reference Terrell, J. E., Ronis, D. L., Fowler, K. E., Bradford, C. R., Chepeha, D. B., Prince, M. E., et al. (2004). Clinical predictors of quality of life in patients with head and neck cancer. Archives of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, 130(4), 401–408.CrossRefPubMed Terrell, J. E., Ronis, D. L., Fowler, K. E., Bradford, C. R., Chepeha, D. B., Prince, M. E., et al. (2004). Clinical predictors of quality of life in patients with head and neck cancer. Archives of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, 130(4), 401–408.CrossRefPubMed
31.
go back to reference Diggle, P., Heagerty, P., Liang, K., & Zeger, S. (2002). Analysis of longitudinal data (2nd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Diggle, P., Heagerty, P., Liang, K., & Zeger, S. (2002). Analysis of longitudinal data (2nd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
32.
go back to reference Liang, K., & Zeger, S. L. (1986). Longitudinal data analysis using generalized linear models. Biometrika, 73(1), 13–22.CrossRef Liang, K., & Zeger, S. L. (1986). Longitudinal data analysis using generalized linear models. Biometrika, 73(1), 13–22.CrossRef
33.
go back to reference Zeger, S. L., & Liang, K. (1986). Longitudinal data analysis for discrete and continuous outcomes. Biometrics, 42(1), 121–130.CrossRefPubMed Zeger, S. L., & Liang, K. (1986). Longitudinal data analysis for discrete and continuous outcomes. Biometrics, 42(1), 121–130.CrossRefPubMed
34.
go back to reference McQuestion, M., Fitch, M., & Howell, D. (2010). The changed meaning of food: Physical, social and emotional loss for patients having received radiation treatment for head and neck cancer. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 15(2), 145–151.CrossRefPubMed McQuestion, M., Fitch, M., & Howell, D. (2010). The changed meaning of food: Physical, social and emotional loss for patients having received radiation treatment for head and neck cancer. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 15(2), 145–151.CrossRefPubMed
35.
go back to reference Larsson, M., Hadelin, B., & Athlin, E. (2003). Lived experiences of eating problems for patients with head and neck cancer during radiotherapy. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 12, 562–570.CrossRefPubMed Larsson, M., Hadelin, B., & Athlin, E. (2003). Lived experiences of eating problems for patients with head and neck cancer during radiotherapy. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 12, 562–570.CrossRefPubMed
36.
go back to reference Chera, B. S., Eisbruch, A., Murphy, B. A., Ridge, J. A., Gavin, P., Reeve, B. B., et al. (2014). Recommended patient-reported core set of symptoms to measure in head and neck cancer treatment trials. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 106(7), JU127.CrossRef Chera, B. S., Eisbruch, A., Murphy, B. A., Ridge, J. A., Gavin, P., Reeve, B. B., et al. (2014). Recommended patient-reported core set of symptoms to measure in head and neck cancer treatment trials. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 106(7), JU127.CrossRef
37.
go back to reference Melo Filho, M. R., Rocha, B. A., Pires, M. B. O., Fonseca, E. S., Freitas, E. M., Martelli Junior, H., & Santos, F. B. G. (2013). Quality of life of patients with head and neck cancer. Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, 79(1), 82–88.CrossRefPubMed Melo Filho, M. R., Rocha, B. A., Pires, M. B. O., Fonseca, E. S., Freitas, E. M., Martelli Junior, H., & Santos, F. B. G. (2013). Quality of life of patients with head and neck cancer. Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, 79(1), 82–88.CrossRefPubMed
38.
go back to reference Hammerlid, E., Bjordal, K., Ahlner-Elmqvist, M., Boysen, M., Evensen, J., Biorklund, A., et al. (2001). A prospective study of quality of life in head and neck cancer patients. Part I: At diagnosis. Laryngoscope, 111(4), 669–680.CrossRefPubMed Hammerlid, E., Bjordal, K., Ahlner-Elmqvist, M., Boysen, M., Evensen, J., Biorklund, A., et al. (2001). A prospective study of quality of life in head and neck cancer patients. Part I: At diagnosis. Laryngoscope, 111(4), 669–680.CrossRefPubMed
39.
go back to reference Molassiotis, A., & Rogers, M. (2012). Symptom experience and regaining normality in the first year following a diagnosis of head and neck cancer: A qualitative longitudinal study. Palliative and Supportive Care, 10(3), 197–204.CrossRefPubMed Molassiotis, A., & Rogers, M. (2012). Symptom experience and regaining normality in the first year following a diagnosis of head and neck cancer: A qualitative longitudinal study. Palliative and Supportive Care, 10(3), 197–204.CrossRefPubMed
40.
go back to reference Duffy, S. A., Terrell, J. E., Valenstein, M., Ronis, D. L., Copeland, L. A., & Connors, M. (2002). Effect of smoking, alcohol, and depression on the quality of life of head and neck cancer patients. General Hospital Psychiatry, 24(3), 140–147.CrossRefPubMed Duffy, S. A., Terrell, J. E., Valenstein, M., Ronis, D. L., Copeland, L. A., & Connors, M. (2002). Effect of smoking, alcohol, and depression on the quality of life of head and neck cancer patients. General Hospital Psychiatry, 24(3), 140–147.CrossRefPubMed
41.
go back to reference Dooks, P., McQuestion, M., Goldstein, D., & Molassiotis, A. (2012). Experiences of patients with laryngectomies as they reintegrate into their community. Supportive Care in Cancer, 20(3), 489–498.CrossRefPubMed Dooks, P., McQuestion, M., Goldstein, D., & Molassiotis, A. (2012). Experiences of patients with laryngectomies as they reintegrate into their community. Supportive Care in Cancer, 20(3), 489–498.CrossRefPubMed
42.
go back to reference Siegel, R., Ma, J., Zou, Z., & Jemal, A. (2014). Cancer statistics, 2014. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 64, 9–29. Siegel, R., Ma, J., Zou, Z., & Jemal, A. (2014). Cancer statistics, 2014. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 64, 9–29.
43.
go back to reference Canadian Cancer Society’s Advisory Committee on Cancer Statistics. (2014). Canadian cancer statistics 2014. Toronto, ON: Canadian Cancer Society. Canadian Cancer Society’s Advisory Committee on Cancer Statistics. (2014). Canadian cancer statistics 2014. Toronto, ON: Canadian Cancer Society.
44.
go back to reference Gourin, C. G., Boyce, B. J., Vaught, C. C., Burkhead, L. M., & Podolsky, R. H. (2009). Effect of comorbidity on post-treatment quality of life scores in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Laryngoscope, 119(5), 907–914.CrossRefPubMed Gourin, C. G., Boyce, B. J., Vaught, C. C., Burkhead, L. M., & Podolsky, R. H. (2009). Effect of comorbidity on post-treatment quality of life scores in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Laryngoscope, 119(5), 907–914.CrossRefPubMed
45.
go back to reference Wickham, R. S., Rehwaldt, M., Kefer, C., Shott, S., Abbas, K., Glynn-Tucker, E., et al. (1999). Taste changes experienced by patients receiving chemotherapy. Oncology Nursing Forum, 26(4), 697–706.PubMed Wickham, R. S., Rehwaldt, M., Kefer, C., Shott, S., Abbas, K., Glynn-Tucker, E., et al. (1999). Taste changes experienced by patients receiving chemotherapy. Oncology Nursing Forum, 26(4), 697–706.PubMed
Metagegevens
Titel
The impact of taste and smell alterations on quality of life in head and neck cancer patients
Auteurs
M. Alvarez-Camacho
S. Gonella
S. Ghosh
C. Kubrak
R. A. Scrimger
K. P. Chu
W. V. Wismer
Publicatiedatum
01-06-2016
Uitgeverij
Springer International Publishing
Gepubliceerd in
Quality of Life Research / Uitgave 6/2016
Print ISSN: 0962-9343
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2649
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-015-1185-2

Andere artikelen Uitgave 6/2016

Quality of Life Research 6/2016 Naar de uitgave