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01-02-2015 | Empirical Research

The Impact of Sleep Duration on Adolescent Development: A Genetically Informed Analysis of Identical Twin Pairs

Auteurs: J. C. Barnes, Ryan C. Meldrum

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence | Uitgave 2/2015

Abstract

Recent work provides evidence that reduced sleep duration has detrimental effects on a range of developmentally related outcomes during adolescence. Yet, the potential confounding influence of genetic and shared environmental effects has not been sufficiently addressed. This study addresses this issue by analyzing cross-sectional data from the twin sub-sample of the first wave of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health [N ≈ 287 MZ (monozygotic) twin pairs; 50 % male; 22 % Black; mean age = 15.75]. Associations between sleep duration (measured through two different strategies, one tapping number of hours slept at night and the other measuring weeknight bedtimes) and seven outcomes (self-control, depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, body mass index, violent delinquency, non-violent delinquency, and drug use) were estimated. Consistent with prior research, associations between sleep duration and several outcomes were statistically significant when using standard social science analytic methods. Yet, when employing a methodology that accounts for genetic and shared environmental influences, some of these associations were reduced to non-significance. Still, two consistent associations remained in that participants who reported sleeping fewer hours at night (or who reported later bedtimes) exhibited lower levels of self-control and more depressive symptoms. Implications of the findings and directions for future research are discussed.

vorige artikel Risk Behaviors and Negative Health Outcomes for Adolescents with Late Bedtimes

volgende artikel Exposure to Violence, Social Cognitive Processing, and Sleep Problems in Urban Adolescents

Included in the depressive symptoms scale was a question asking whether the respondent had “felt that you were too tired to do things.” Due to the obvious overlap between this item and any measure of sleep duration, sensitivity analyses were estimated after removing this item from the depressive symptoms scale. Specifically, the alternative version of the depressive symptoms scale was created by summing across the remaining 17 items. The two depressive symptoms scales correlated at r = .99. No substantive differences emerged when the alternative depressive symptoms scale was used as the dependent variable.

The measures for violent and non-violent delinquency were nearly identical to the measures constructed in prior work using the Add Health data (see Clinkinbeard et al. 2011).

One might reasonably question why no significant effects emerged in the model predicting violent delinquency given that prior work using the first wave of the Add Health data did find significant effects (Clinkinbeard et al. 2011). This point is revisited in the Discussion section of the paper.

Indeed, opposite sign effects (compared to the analysis of the number of hours slept variable) were expected for the analysis of the bedtime variable due to their differential directionality and the fact that they correlated at r = −.32.

Given the relatively small sample size available in the Add Health twin subsample, it was not possible to dummy code hours slept for each individual hour. Further, sleeping 8 or more hours was treated as the reference category since this is the traditional demarcation for adequate sleep (e.g., McKnight-Eily et al. 2011).

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Titel: The Impact of Sleep Duration on Adolescent Development: A Genetically Informed Analysis of Identical Twin Pairs
Auteurs: J. C. Barnes
Ryan C. Meldrum
Publicatiedatum: 01-02-2015
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence / Uitgave 2/2015
Print ISSN: 0047-2891
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-6601
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-014-0137-4

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