Current Study
Methods
Design
Participants
Benefits-Video
n (%) | Benefits-Written
n (%) | Costs-Video
n (%) | Costs-Written
n (%) | Total Sample
n (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Marital status | |||||
Married | 128 (73.6) | 124 (75.6) | 134 (74.0) | 121 (69.9) | 507 (73.3) |
Cohabitating/Defacto | 29 (16.7) | 20 (12.2) | 26 (14.4) | 38 (22.0) | 113 (16.3) |
Divorced/Separated | 11 (6.3) | 11 (6.7) | 14 (7.7) | 7 (4.0) | 43 (6.2) |
Single | 6 (3.4) | 9 (5.5) | 7 (3.9) | 7 (4.0) | 29 (4.2) |
Parent educational level | |||||
Primary school or less | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.6) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.1) |
Some high school | 13 (7.5) | 5 (3.0) | 5 (2.8) | 4 (2.3) | 27 (3.9) |
Completed high school | 9 (5.2) | 17 (10.4) | 16 (8.8) | 18 (10.4) | 60 (8.7) |
Trade/technical college qualification | 40 (23.0) | 37 (22.6) | 36 (19.9) | 29 (16.8) | 142 (20.5) |
University degree | 63 (36.2) | 48 (29.3) | 75 (41.4) | 68 (39.3) | 254 (36.4) |
Postgraduate degree | 49 (28.2) | 57 (34.8) | 48 (26.5) | 54 (31.2) | 208 (30.1) |
Employment | |||||
Full-time | 78 (44.8) | 57 (34.8) | 75 (41.4) | 73 (42.2) | 283 (40.9) |
Part-time | 51 (29.3) | 74 (45.1) | 59 (32.6) | 64 (37.0) | 248 (35.8) |
Not working, but looking for a job | 9 (5.2) | 5 (3.0) | 16 (8.8) | 8 (4.6) | 38 (5.5) |
Home-based paid work | 11 (6.3) | 5 (3.0) | 10 (5.5) | 6 (3.5) | 32 (4.6) |
Not working | 25 (14.4) | 23 (14.0) | 21 (11.6) | 22 (12.7) | 91 (13.2) |
Essential expenses not covered | |||||
No | 129 (74.1) | 124 (75.6) | 138 (76.2) | 142 (82.1) | 533 (77) |
Yes | 44 (25.3) | 39 (23.8) | 43 (23.8) | 29 (16.8) | 155 (22.4) |
Do not know | 1 (0.6) | 1 (0.6) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.2) | 4 (0.6) |
Left over finances | |||||
Enough that I/we can comfortably purchase most of the things we really want | 69 (39.7) | 64 (39.3) | 70 (38.7) | 69 (39.9) | 272 (39.4) |
Enough that I/we can purchase only some Of the things we really want | 69 (39.7) | 62 (38.0) | 69 (38.1) | 73 (42.2) | 273 (39.5) |
Not enough to purchase much of anything I/we really want | 36 (20.7) | 37 (22.7) | 42 (23.2) | 31 (17.9) | 146 (21.1) |
Intention to participate | |||||
Definitely yes | 9 (3.4) | 9 (5.5) | 5 (2.8) | 4 (2.3) | 24 (3.5) |
Probably yes | 23 (13.2) | 24 (14.6) | 27 (14.9) | 22 (12.7) | 96 (13.9) |
Not sure | 57 (32.8) | 48 (29.3) | 55 (30.4) | 61 (35.3) | 221 (31.9) |
Probably not | 59 (33.9) | 56 (34.1) | 65 (35.9) | 61 (35.3) | 241 (34.8) |
Definitely not | 29 (16.7) | 27 (16.5) | 29 (16.0) | 25 (14.5) | 110 (15.9) |
M (SD) |
M (SD) |
M (SD) |
M (SD) |
M (SD) | |
HBM Benefits and Costs Questionnaire | |||||
Benefits sub-scale | 23.01 (5.99) | 24.10 (4.89) | 22.31 (6.29) | 23.17 (5.57) | 23.12 (5.75) |
Costs sub-scale | 9.08 (4.59) | 9.95 (4.26) | 9.89 (4.35) | 9.45 (4.34) | 9.59 (4.39) |
Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
Recruitment
Procedure
Randomisation
Experimental Conditions
Introductory Text Target, Action, Context, and Time | Message “I have two children, my son is 9 and my daughter is 5. Generally, they’re mostly well behaved, but like any parent, we have a few day-to-day issues and that’s why I decided to take part in a program that’s designed for parents like me.” (45 words) |
---|---|
Construct
|
Message
|
Benefits | “I learned to be more positive as a parent, and I’ve tried out new ways to make our daily routines easier and hassle free. I talk to my children in a more positive way, and when difficulties do arise, I know how to tackle them. I’m a happier as a parent, my children are happier, so all of us win.” (60 words) |
Costs | “I almost didn’t do it. There were so many things getting in the way of doing it and just trying to find the time and the energy was hard. But I’m really glad that I set aside the time and I managed to have someone look after the kids. It wasn’t always easy, but I’m glad that I finished it.” (60 words) |
Intervention
Measures
Demographics
Initial Parental Engagement
Manipulation Checks
HBM Benefits and Costs Questionnaire
Sample Size
Statistical Analysis
Results
Manipulation Checks
Missing Values
Experimental Conditions
Reasons for Not Participating | Parents did not enrol (n = 389) | Parents did not complete first attendance interview (n = 156) |
---|---|---|
I don’t have enough time | 253 |
107
|
I don’t feel that I need the parenting program | 249 | 13 |
I have competing work commitments | 205 |
70
|
I was feeling too tired to do it during my free time | 125 |
61
|
I cannot get child care | 114 | 8 |
I think the parenting program was not interesting or not relevant for me | 103 | 4 |
Other | 78 | 56 |
I think the parenting program is too much work for me to do | 66 | 22 |
I feel uncomfortable participating in a parenting program | 61 | 3 |
I think it’s difficult to do the parenting program on my own | 58 | 17 |
I perceived that my extended family or partner would not be supportive of me participating in the program | 49 | 15 |
I take part in a different parenting program | 24 | 6 |
I think the parenting program is culturally inappropriate | 11 | 0 |