Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in:

29-08-2022 | Original Paper

The effect of Mindful Parenting Training on Parent–Child Interactions, Parenting Stress, and Cognitive Emotion Regulation in Mothers of Preschool Children

Auteurs: Zahra Bondar kakhki, Ali Mashhadi, Seyed Amir Amin Yazdi, Shirin Saleh

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Child and Family Studies | Uitgave 11/2022

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstracts

A growing body of evidence that supports the efficacy of mindful parenting as a suitable intervention technique to foster parenting skills and reduce the risk of parental stress. However, most of the progress has been limited to parents with children with disabilities, and there is little evidence about the effect of mindful parenting intervention involving non-clinical populations. This study aimed to examine the effects of an 8-week Mindful Parenting Training (MPT) on parenting stress, Parent–Child interactions, and cognitive emotion regulation strategies among mothers of typically developing preschool children. Forty mothers with high-stress levels according to Parenting Stress Index (PSI) were randomly assigned to a Mindful Parenting Training (MPT) group (n = 20) and a sham control group (n = 20). Questionnaires were administered at pretest, posttest, and eight weeks follow-up. A significant improvement was seen in parental stress, Parent–Child interactions, as well as adaptive cognitive regulation strategies in the MPT group compared with the sham control condition with large effect sizes. Moreover, maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies and conflicts associated with mother-child interactions decreased. All changes were maintained up to 2 months after the intervention. The results provide strong evidence that mindful parenting training is a valuable intervention for mothers referred to mental health care because of parenting stress, problems in Parent–Child interaction, and maladaptive cognitive-emotion regulation strategies.
Literatuur
go back to reference Abareshi, Z., Tahmasian, K., Mazaheri, M. A., & Panaghi, L. (2009). The impact of psychosocial Child Development training program, done through improvement of mother-child interaction, on parental self-efficacy and relationship between mother and child under three. 3(3), 49–58. Abareshi, Z., Tahmasian, K., Mazaheri, M. A., & Panaghi, L. (2009). The impact of psychosocial Child Development training program, done through improvement of mother-child interaction, on parental self-efficacy and relationship between mother and child under three. 3(3), 49–58.
go back to reference Abidin, R. R. (1990). Introduction to the special issue: the stresses of parenting. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 19(4), 298–301.CrossRef Abidin, R. R. (1990). Introduction to the special issue: the stresses of parenting. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 19(4), 298–301.CrossRef
go back to reference Abidin, R. R. (1983). Parenting Stress Index: Manual, Administration Booklet,[and] Research Update. Abidin, R. R. (1983). Parenting Stress Index: Manual, Administration Booklet,[and] Research Update.
go back to reference Bögels, S., & Restifo, K. (2014). Mindful Parenting A Guide for Mental Health Practitioners. New York: Springer. Bögels, S., & Restifo, K. (2014). Mindful Parenting A Guide for Mental Health Practitioners. New York: Springer.
go back to reference Bögels, S., & Restifo, K. (2014). Introduction to Mindful Parenting. In Mindful Parenting (pp. 3–14). Springer. Bögels, S., & Restifo, K. (2014). Introduction to Mindful Parenting. In Mindful Parenting (pp. 3–14). Springer.
go back to reference Britton, W. B., Shahar, B., Szepsenwol, O., & Jacobs, W. J. (2012). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy improves emotional reactivity to social stress: Results from a randomized controlled trial. Behavior Therapy, 43(2), 365–380.PubMedCrossRef Britton, W. B., Shahar, B., Szepsenwol, O., & Jacobs, W. J. (2012). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy improves emotional reactivity to social stress: Results from a randomized controlled trial. Behavior Therapy, 43(2), 365–380.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Burgdorf, V., Szabó, M., & Abbott, M. J. (2019). The effect of mindfulness interventions for parents on parenting stress and youth psychological outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 1336.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Burgdorf, V., Szabó, M., & Abbott, M. J. (2019). The effect of mindfulness interventions for parents on parenting stress and youth psychological outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 1336.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference Chaplin, T. M., Turpyn, C. C., Fischer, S., Martelli, A. M., Ross, C. E., Leichtweis, R. N., Miller, A. B., & Sinha, R. (2018). Parenting-focused mindfulness intervention reduces stress and improves parenting in highly stressed mothers of adolescents. Mindfulness, 1–13. Chaplin, T. M., Turpyn, C. C., Fischer, S., Martelli, A. M., Ross, C. E., Leichtweis, R. N., Miller, A. B., & Sinha, R. (2018). Parenting-focused mindfulness intervention reduces stress and improves parenting in highly stressed mothers of adolescents. Mindfulness, 1–13.
go back to reference Choe, D. E., Olson, S. L., & Sameroff, A. J. (2013). Effects of early maternal distress and parenting on the development of children’s self-regulation and externalizing behavior. Development and Psychopathology, 25(2), 437–453.PubMedCrossRef Choe, D. E., Olson, S. L., & Sameroff, A. J. (2013). Effects of early maternal distress and parenting on the development of children’s self-regulation and externalizing behavior. Development and Psychopathology, 25(2), 437–453.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Choi, H. S., Lee, K. E., & Shin, Y. (2021). Effects of an emotional regulation program on maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation, stress, anxiety, and postpartum depression among South Korean mothers of premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit. Child Health Nursing Research, 27(1), 24–33.CrossRef Choi, H. S., Lee, K. E., & Shin, Y. (2021). Effects of an emotional regulation program on maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation, stress, anxiety, and postpartum depression among South Korean mothers of premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit. Child Health Nursing Research, 27(1), 24–33.CrossRef
go back to reference Ciciolla, L., Gerstein, E. D., & Crnic, K. A. (2014). Reciprocity among maternal distress, child behavior, and parenting: transactional processes and early childhood risk. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 43(5), 751–764.CrossRef Ciciolla, L., Gerstein, E. D., & Crnic, K. A. (2014). Reciprocity among maternal distress, child behavior, and parenting: transactional processes and early childhood risk. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 43(5), 751–764.CrossRef
go back to reference Coatsworth, J. D., Duncan, L. G., Greenberg, M. T., & Nix, R. L. (2010). Changing parent’s mindfulness, child management skills and relationship quality with their youth: Results from a randomized pilot intervention trial. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 19(2), 203–217.PubMedCrossRef Coatsworth, J. D., Duncan, L. G., Greenberg, M. T., & Nix, R. L. (2010). Changing parent’s mindfulness, child management skills and relationship quality with their youth: Results from a randomized pilot intervention trial. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 19(2), 203–217.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Coatsworth, J. D., Duncan, L. G., Nix, R. L., Greenberg, M. T., Gayles, J. G., Bamberger, K. T., Berrena, E., & Demi, M. A. (2015). Integrating mindfulness with parent training: Effects of the Mindfulness-Enhanced Strengthening Families Program. Developmental Psychology, 51(1), 26–35.PubMedCrossRef Coatsworth, J. D., Duncan, L. G., Nix, R. L., Greenberg, M. T., Gayles, J. G., Bamberger, K. T., Berrena, E., & Demi, M. A. (2015). Integrating mindfulness with parent training: Effects of the Mindfulness-Enhanced Strengthening Families Program. Developmental Psychology, 51(1), 26–35.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Conner, C. M., & White, S. W. (2014). Stress in mothers of children with autism: trait mindfulness as a protective factor. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 8(6), 617–624.CrossRef Conner, C. M., & White, S. W. (2014). Stress in mothers of children with autism: trait mindfulness as a protective factor. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 8(6), 617–624.CrossRef
go back to reference Daunhauer, L. A., Schworer, E., & Howshar, M. (2017). Chapter One—Parenting Matters: Parent–Child Interactions in Down Syndrome and Recommendations for Future Research. In R. M. Hodapp & D. J. Fidler (Eds.), International Review of Research in Developmental Disabilities (Vol. 53, pp. 1–43). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.irrdd.2017.08.003 Daunhauer, L. A., Schworer, E., & Howshar, M. (2017). Chapter One—Parenting Matters: Parent–Child Interactions in Down Syndrome and Recommendations for Future Research. In R. M. Hodapp & D. J. Fidler (Eds.), International Review of Research in Developmental Disabilities (Vol. 53, pp. 1–43). Academic Press. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1016/​bs.​irrdd.​2017.​08.​003
go back to reference Donovan, M. O., Pickard, J. A., Herbert, J. S., & Barkus, E. (2022). Mindful Parent Training for Parents of Children Aged 3–12 Years with Behavioral Problems: A Scoping Review. Mindfulness, 13(4), 801–820.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Donovan, M. O., Pickard, J. A., Herbert, J. S., & Barkus, E. (2022). Mindful Parent Training for Parents of Children Aged 3–12 Years with Behavioral Problems: A Scoping Review. Mindfulness, 13(4), 801–820.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference Driscoll, K., & Pianta, R. C. (2011). Mothers’ and fathers’ perceptions of conflict and closeness in parent-child relationships during early childhood. Journal of Early Childhood and Infant Psychology, 7, 1–24. Driscoll, K., & Pianta, R. C. (2011). Mothers’ and fathers’ perceptions of conflict and closeness in parent-child relationships during early childhood. Journal of Early Childhood and Infant Psychology, 7, 1–24.
go back to reference Dumas, J. (2006). Mindfulness-Based Parent Training: Strategies to Lessen the Grip of Automaticity in Families With Disruptive Children. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology: The Official Journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division, 53(34), 779–791. Dumas, J. (2006). Mindfulness-Based Parent Training: Strategies to Lessen the Grip of Automaticity in Families With Disruptive Children. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology: The Official Journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division, 53(34), 779–791.
go back to reference Duncan, L. G., & Shaddix, C. (2015). Mindfulness-based childbirth and parenting (MBCP): Innovation in birth preparation to support healthy, happy families. International Journal of Birth and Parent Education, 2(2), 30.PubMedPubMedCentral Duncan, L. G., & Shaddix, C. (2015). Mindfulness-based childbirth and parenting (MBCP): Innovation in birth preparation to support healthy, happy families. International Journal of Birth and Parent Education, 2(2), 30.PubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Duncan, L. G., Coatsworth, J. D., & Greenberg, M. T. (2009). A model of mindful parenting: Implications for parent–child relationships and prevention research. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 12(3), 255–270.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Duncan, L. G., Coatsworth, J. D., & Greenberg, M. T. (2009). A model of mindful parenting: Implications for parent–child relationships and prevention research. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 12(3), 255–270.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference Flook, L., Smalley, S. L., Kitil, M. J., Galla, B. M., Kaiser-Greenland, S., Locke, J., Ishijima, E., & Kasari, C. (2010). Effects of mindful awareness practices on executive functions in elementary school children. Journal of Applied School Psychology, 26(1), 70–95.CrossRef Flook, L., Smalley, S. L., Kitil, M. J., Galla, B. M., Kaiser-Greenland, S., Locke, J., Ishijima, E., & Kasari, C. (2010). Effects of mindful awareness practices on executive functions in elementary school children. Journal of Applied School Psychology, 26(1), 70–95.CrossRef
go back to reference Garland, E. L., Gaylord, S. A., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2011). Positive reappraisal mediates the stress-reductive effects of mindfulness: an upward spiral process. Mindfulness, 2(1), 59–67.CrossRef Garland, E. L., Gaylord, S. A., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2011). Positive reappraisal mediates the stress-reductive effects of mindfulness: an upward spiral process. Mindfulness, 2(1), 59–67.CrossRef
go back to reference Garnefski, N., & Kraaij, V. (2007). The cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 23(3), 141–149.CrossRef Garnefski, N., & Kraaij, V. (2007). The cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 23(3), 141–149.CrossRef
go back to reference Garnefski, N., Kraaij, V., & Spinhoven, P. (2001). Negative life events, cognitive emotion regulation and emotional problems. 30. Garnefski, N., Kraaij, V., & Spinhoven, P. (2001). Negative life events, cognitive emotion regulation and emotional problems. 30.
go back to reference Gau, S. S.-F., & Chang, J. P.-C. (2013). Maternal parenting styles and mother–child relationship among adolescents with and without persistent attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 34(5), 1581–1594.PubMedCrossRef Gau, S. S.-F., & Chang, J. P.-C. (2013). Maternal parenting styles and mother–child relationship among adolescents with and without persistent attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 34(5), 1581–1594.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Golfenshtein, N., Hanlon, A. L., Deatrick, J. A., & Medoff-Cooper, B. (2022). Maternal parenting stress changes over the first year of life in infants with complex cardiac defects and in healthy infants. Cardiology in the Young, 32(3), 383–389.PubMedCrossRef Golfenshtein, N., Hanlon, A. L., Deatrick, J. A., & Medoff-Cooper, B. (2022). Maternal parenting stress changes over the first year of life in infants with complex cardiac defects and in healthy infants. Cardiology in the Young, 32(3), 383–389.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Gouveia, M. J., Carona, C., Canavarro, M. C., & Moreira, H. (2016). Self-compassion and dispositional mindfulness are associated with parenting styles and parenting stress: the mediating role of mindful parenting. Mindfulness, 7(3), 700–712.CrossRef Gouveia, M. J., Carona, C., Canavarro, M. C., & Moreira, H. (2016). Self-compassion and dispositional mindfulness are associated with parenting styles and parenting stress: the mediating role of mindful parenting. Mindfulness, 7(3), 700–712.CrossRef
go back to reference Harnett, P. H., & Dawe, S. (2012). The contribution of mindfulness-based therapies for children and families and proposed conceptual integration. Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 17(4), 195–208.PubMedCrossRef Harnett, P. H., & Dawe, S. (2012). The contribution of mindfulness-based therapies for children and families and proposed conceptual integration. Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 17(4), 195–208.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Hasani, J. (2010). The psychometric properties of the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (CERQ). Journal of clinical psychology, 2(3), 73–84. Hasani, J. (2010). The psychometric properties of the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (CERQ). Journal of clinical psychology, 2(3), 73–84.
go back to reference Havighurst, S. S., Wilson, K. R., Harley, A. E., Prior, M. R., & Kehoe, C. (2010). Tuning in to kids: Improving emotion socialization practices in parents of preschool children–findings from a community trial. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51(12), 1342–1350.PubMedCrossRef Havighurst, S. S., Wilson, K. R., Harley, A. E., Prior, M. R., & Kehoe, C. (2010). Tuning in to kids: Improving emotion socialization practices in parents of preschool children–findings from a community trial. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51(12), 1342–1350.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Havighurst, S. S., Wilson, K. R., Harley, A. E., Kehoe, C., Efron, D., & Prior, M. R. (2013). “Tuning into kids”: Reducing young children’s behavior problems using an emotion coaching parenting program. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 44(2), 247–264.CrossRef Havighurst, S. S., Wilson, K. R., Harley, A. E., Kehoe, C., Efron, D., & Prior, M. R. (2013). “Tuning into kids”: Reducing young children’s behavior problems using an emotion coaching parenting program. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 44(2), 247–264.CrossRef
go back to reference Haydicky, J., Wiener, J., & Shecter, C. (2017). Mechanisms of action in concurrent Parent–Child mindfulness training: a qualitative exploration. Mindfulness, 8(4), 1018–1035.CrossRef Haydicky, J., Wiener, J., & Shecter, C. (2017). Mechanisms of action in concurrent Parent–Child mindfulness training: a qualitative exploration. Mindfulness, 8(4), 1018–1035.CrossRef
go back to reference Holly, L. E., Fenley, A. R., Kritikos, T. K., Merson, R. A., Abidin, R., Langer, D. A., Holly, L. E., Fenley, A. R., Kritikos, T. K., Merson, R. A., Abidin, R. R., Langer, D. A., Update, E., Stress, P., & Holly, L. E. (2019). Evidence-base update for parenting stress measures in clinical samples evidence-base update for parenting stress measures in clinical samples. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 48(5), 685–705. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2019.1639515.CrossRef Holly, L. E., Fenley, A. R., Kritikos, T. K., Merson, R. A., Abidin, R., Langer, D. A., Holly, L. E., Fenley, A. R., Kritikos, T. K., Merson, R. A., Abidin, R. R., Langer, D. A., Update, E., Stress, P., & Holly, L. E. (2019). Evidence-base update for parenting stress measures in clinical samples evidence-base update for parenting stress measures in clinical samples. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 48(5), 685–705. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1080/​15374416.​2019.​1639515.CrossRef
go back to reference Kabat-Zinn, M., & Kabat-Zinn, J. (1997). Everyday blessings: The inner work of mindful parenting. Hyperion. Kabat-Zinn, M., & Kabat-Zinn, J. (1997). Everyday blessings: The inner work of mindful parenting. Hyperion.
go back to reference Kim, K., & Choi, J. (2015). Sources of parenting stres for mothers and fathers of young children. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 8(35), 1–8.CrossRef Kim, K., & Choi, J. (2015). Sources of parenting stres for mothers and fathers of young children. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 8(35), 1–8.CrossRef
go back to reference Leijten, P., Raaijmakers, M. A. J., de Castro, B. O., & Matthys, W. (2013). Does socioeconomic status matter? a meta-analysis on parent training effectiveness for disruptive child behavior. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 42(3), 384–392.CrossRef Leijten, P., Raaijmakers, M. A. J., de Castro, B. O., & Matthys, W. (2013). Does socioeconomic status matter? a meta-analysis on parent training effectiveness for disruptive child behavior. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 42(3), 384–392.CrossRef
go back to reference Lewallen, A. C., & Neece, C. L. (2015). Improved social skills in children with developmental delays after parent participation in MBSR: The role of parent–child relational factors. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 24(10), 3117–3129.CrossRef Lewallen, A. C., & Neece, C. L. (2015). Improved social skills in children with developmental delays after parent participation in MBSR: The role of parent–child relational factors. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 24(10), 3117–3129.CrossRef
go back to reference Limbers, C. A., McCollum, C., & Greenwood, E. (2020). Physical activity moderates the association between parenting stress and quality of life in working mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Mental Health and Physical Activity, 19, 100358.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Limbers, C. A., McCollum, C., & Greenwood, E. (2020). Physical activity moderates the association between parenting stress and quality of life in working mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Mental Health and Physical Activity, 19, 100358.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference Möller, E. L., Majdandžić, M., & Bögels, S. M. (2015). Parental anxiety, parenting behavior, and infant anxiety: differential associations for fathers and mothers. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 24(9), 2626–2637.CrossRef Möller, E. L., Majdandžić, M., & Bögels, S. M. (2015). Parental anxiety, parenting behavior, and infant anxiety: differential associations for fathers and mothers. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 24(9), 2626–2637.CrossRef
go back to reference Neece, C. L. (2014). Mindfulness‐based stress reduction for parents of young children with developmental delays: Implications for parental mental health and child behavior problems. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 27(2), 174–186.PubMedCrossRef Neece, C. L. (2014). Mindfulness‐based stress reduction for parents of young children with developmental delays: Implications for parental mental health and child behavior problems. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 27(2), 174–186.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Neece, C. L., Green, S. A., & Baker, B. L. (2012). Parenting stress and child behavior problems: a transactional relationship across time. American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 117(1), 48–66.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Neece, C. L., Green, S. A., & Baker, B. L. (2012). Parenting stress and child behavior problems: a transactional relationship across time. American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 117(1), 48–66.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference Neece, C. L., Chan, N., Klein, K., Roberts, L., & Fenning, R. M. (2019). Mindfulness-based stress reduction for parents of children with developmental delays: Understanding the experiences of Latino families. Mindfulness, 10(6), 1017–1030.PubMedCrossRef Neece, C. L., Chan, N., Klein, K., Roberts, L., & Fenning, R. M. (2019). Mindfulness-based stress reduction for parents of children with developmental delays: Understanding the experiences of Latino families. Mindfulness, 10(6), 1017–1030.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Pianta, R. C. (1994). Patterns of relationships between children and kindergarten teachers. Journal of school psychology, 32(1), 15–31.CrossRef Pianta, R. C. (1994). Patterns of relationships between children and kindergarten teachers. Journal of school psychology, 32(1), 15–31.CrossRef
go back to reference Pinquart, M. (2017). Associations of parenting dimensions and styles with externalizing problems of children and adolescents: an updated meta-analysis. Developmental Psychology, 53(5), 873.PubMedCrossRef Pinquart, M. (2017). Associations of parenting dimensions and styles with externalizing problems of children and adolescents: an updated meta-analysis. Developmental Psychology, 53(5), 873.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Potharst, E. S., Baartmans, J. M. D., & Bögels, S. M. (2018). Mindful parenting training in a clinical versus non-clinical setting: an explorative study. Mindfulness, 12(2), 504–518.CrossRef Potharst, E. S., Baartmans, J. M. D., & Bögels, S. M. (2018). Mindful parenting training in a clinical versus non-clinical setting: an explorative study. Mindfulness, 12(2), 504–518.CrossRef
go back to reference Potharst, E. S., Boekhorst, M. G., Cuijlits, I., Van Broekhoven, K. E., Jacobs, A., Spek, V., Nyklíček, I., Bögels, S. M., & Pop, V. J. (2019). A randomized control trial evaluating an online mindful parenting training for mothers with elevated parental stress. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 1550.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Potharst, E. S., Boekhorst, M. G., Cuijlits, I., Van Broekhoven, K. E., Jacobs, A., Spek, V., Nyklíček, I., Bögels, S. M., & Pop, V. J. (2019). A randomized control trial evaluating an online mindful parenting training for mothers with elevated parental stress. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 1550.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference Richardson, J. T. E. (2011). Eta squared and partial eta squared as measures of effect size in educational research. Educational Research Review, 6(2), 135–147.CrossRef Richardson, J. T. E. (2011). Eta squared and partial eta squared as measures of effect size in educational research. Educational Research Review, 6(2), 135–147.CrossRef
go back to reference Rodríguez, M., Mireia, M., Fernández, I., José, M., & Alexandra, P. E. (2020). Rumination, Catastrophizing, and Other ‑ Blame: The Cognitive ‑ Emotional Regulation Strategies Involved in Anxiety ‑ Related Life Interference in Anxious Children. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 0123456789. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-020-00988-5 Rodríguez, M., Mireia, M., Fernández, I., José, M., & Alexandra, P. E. (2020). Rumination, Catastrophizing, and Other ‑ Blame: The Cognitive ‑ Emotional Regulation Strategies Involved in Anxiety ‑ Related Life Interference in Anxious Children. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 0123456789. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1007/​s10578-020-00988-5
go back to reference Rutherford, H. J. V., Wallace, N. S., Laurent, H. K., & Mayes, L. C. (2015). Emotion regulation in parenthood. Developmental Review, 36, 1–14.PubMedCrossRef Rutherford, H. J. V., Wallace, N. S., Laurent, H. K., & Mayes, L. C. (2015). Emotion regulation in parenthood. Developmental Review, 36, 1–14.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Shorey, S., & Ng, E. D. (2021). The efficacy of mindful parenting interventions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 121, 103996.PubMedCrossRef Shorey, S., & Ng, E. D. (2021). The efficacy of mindful parenting interventions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 121, 103996.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Singh, N. N., Lancioni, G. E., Winton, A. S. W., Singh, J., Singh, A. N., Adkins, A. D., & Wahler, R. G. (2010). Training in mindful caregiving transfers to parent–child interactions. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 19(2), 167–174.CrossRef Singh, N. N., Lancioni, G. E., Winton, A. S. W., Singh, J., Singh, A. N., Adkins, A. D., & Wahler, R. G. (2010). Training in mindful caregiving transfers to parent–child interactions. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 19(2), 167–174.CrossRef
go back to reference Soltanifar, A., Akbarzadeh, F., Moharreri, F., Soltanifar, A., Ebrahimi, A., Mokhber, N., Minoocherhr, A., & Naqvi, S. S. A. (2015). Comparison of parental stress among mothers and fathers of children with autistic spectrum disorder in Iran. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 20(1), 93.PubMedPubMedCentral Soltanifar, A., Akbarzadeh, F., Moharreri, F., Soltanifar, A., Ebrahimi, A., Mokhber, N., Minoocherhr, A., & Naqvi, S. S. A. (2015). Comparison of parental stress among mothers and fathers of children with autistic spectrum disorder in Iran. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 20(1), 93.PubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Song, Y., & Lindquist, R. (2015). Effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction on depression, anxiety, stress and mindfulness in Korean nursing students. Nurse Education Today, 35(1), 86–90.PubMedCrossRef Song, Y., & Lindquist, R. (2015). Effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction on depression, anxiety, stress and mindfulness in Korean nursing students. Nurse Education Today, 35(1), 86–90.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Tomlinson, E. R., Yousaf, O., Vittersø, A. D., & Jones, L. (2018). Dispositional mindfulness and psychological health: a systematic review. Mindfulness, 9(1), 23–43.PubMedCrossRef Tomlinson, E. R., Yousaf, O., Vittersø, A. D., & Jones, L. (2018). Dispositional mindfulness and psychological health: a systematic review. Mindfulness, 9(1), 23–43.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Townshend, K., Jordan, Z., Stephenson, M., & Tsey, K. (2016). The effectiveness of mindful parenting programs in promoting parents’ and children’s wellbeing: A systematic review. JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports, 14(3), 139–180.PubMedCrossRef Townshend, K., Jordan, Z., Stephenson, M., & Tsey, K. (2016). The effectiveness of mindful parenting programs in promoting parents’ and children’s wellbeing: A systematic review. JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports, 14(3), 139–180.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Turpyn, C. C., & Chaplin, T. M. (2016). Mindful parenting and parents’ emotion expression: effects on adolescent risk behaviors. Mindfulness, 7(1), 246–254.PubMedCrossRef Turpyn, C. C., & Chaplin, T. M. (2016). Mindful parenting and parents’ emotion expression: effects on adolescent risk behaviors. Mindfulness, 7(1), 246–254.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Van der Oord, S., Bögels, S. M., & Peijnenburg, D. (2012). The effectiveness of mindfulness training for children with ADHD and mindful parenting for their parents. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 21(1), 139–147.PubMedCrossRef Van der Oord, S., Bögels, S. M., & Peijnenburg, D. (2012). The effectiveness of mindfulness training for children with ADHD and mindful parenting for their parents. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 21(1), 139–147.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Wilson, K. R., Havighurst, S. S., & Harley, A. E. (2012). Tuning in to Kids: An effectiveness trial of a parenting program targeting emotion socialization of preschoolers. Journal of Family Psychology, 26(1), 56.PubMedCrossRef Wilson, K. R., Havighurst, S. S., & Harley, A. E. (2012). Tuning in to Kids: An effectiveness trial of a parenting program targeting emotion socialization of preschoolers. Journal of Family Psychology, 26(1), 56.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Xu, Y., Farver, J. A., Zhang, Z., Zeng, Q., Yu, L., & Cai, B. (2005). Mainland Chinese parenting styles and Parent–Child interaction. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 29(6), 524–531. Xu, Y., Farver, J. A., Zhang, Z., Zeng, Q., Yu, L., & Cai, B. (2005). Mainland Chinese parenting styles and Parent–Child interaction. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 29(6), 524–531.
go back to reference Zelman, J. J., & Ferro, M. A. (2018). The parental stress scale: psychometric properties in families of children with chronic health conditions. Family Relations, 67(2), 240–252.CrossRef Zelman, J. J., & Ferro, M. A. (2018). The parental stress scale: psychometric properties in families of children with chronic health conditions. Family Relations, 67(2), 240–252.CrossRef
Metagegevens
Titel
The effect of Mindful Parenting Training on Parent–Child Interactions, Parenting Stress, and Cognitive Emotion Regulation in Mothers of Preschool Children
Auteurs
Zahra Bondar kakhki
Ali Mashhadi
Seyed Amir Amin Yazdi
Shirin Saleh
Publicatiedatum
29-08-2022
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Child and Family Studies / Uitgave 11/2022
Print ISSN: 1062-1024
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2843
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-022-02420-z