Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in:

01-05-2006

The Effect of Coloured Overlays on Reading Ability in Children with Autism

Auteurs: Amanda K. Ludlow, Arnold J. Wilkins, Pam Heaton

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders | Uitgave 4/2006

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

Abnormalities of colour perception in children with autistic spectrum disorders have been widely reported anecdotally. However, there is little empirical data linking difficulties in colour perception with academic achievement. The Wilkins Rate of Reading Test was administered with and without Intuitive Coloured Overlays to 19 children with autistic spectrum disorders and to the same number of controls individually matched for age and intelligence. Findings showed that 15 out of 19 (79%) children with autism showed an improvement of at least 5% in reading speed when using a coloured overlay. In contrast only 3 of 19 (16%) control group children showed such an improvement. The findings suggest that coloured overlays may provide a useful support for reading for children with autism.
Bijlagen
Alleen toegankelijk voor geautoriseerde gebruikers
Literatuur
go back to reference Aurora S. K., Welch K. M., (1998). Brain excitability in migraine: Evidence from transcranial magnetic stimulation studies Current Opinion in Neurology 113:205–209CrossRef Aurora S. K., Welch K. M., (1998). Brain excitability in migraine: Evidence from transcranial magnetic stimulation studies Current Opinion in Neurology 113:205–209CrossRef
go back to reference Bartak L., Rutter M., (1975). Language and cognition in autistic children and dysphasic children In N. O’Connor (ed) Cognitive Deficits and Retardation Butterworths London Bartak L., Rutter M., (1975). Language and cognition in autistic children and dysphasic children In N. O’Connor (ed) Cognitive Deficits and Retardation Butterworths London
go back to reference Bouldoukian J., Wilkins A. J., Evans B. J. W., (2002). Randomised control trial of the effect of coloured overlays on the rate of reading of people with specific learning difficulties Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics 221:55–60CrossRef Bouldoukian J., Wilkins A. J., Evans B. J. W., (2002). Randomised control trial of the effect of coloured overlays on the rate of reading of people with specific learning difficulties Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics 221:55–60CrossRef
go back to reference British Psychological Society (1999). Dyslexia, literacy and psychological assessment In R. Reason (ed) Report of Working Party of the Division of Educational Child Psychology Leicester, UK British Psychological Study British Psychological Society (1999). Dyslexia, literacy and psychological assessment In R. Reason (ed) Report of Working Party of the Division of Educational Child Psychology Leicester, UK British Psychological Study
go back to reference Bryson S. E., Clark B. S., Smith I. M., (1988). First report of a Canadian epidemiological study of autistic syndromes Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 29:433–441PubMedCrossRef Bryson S. E., Clark B. S., Smith I. M., (1988). First report of a Canadian epidemiological study of autistic syndromes Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 29:433–441PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Chronicle E. P., Wilkins A. J., (1991). Colour and visual discomfort in migraineurs Lancet 338(8771):890CrossRefPubMed Chronicle E. P., Wilkins A. J., (1991). Colour and visual discomfort in migraineurs Lancet 338(8771):890CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Chronicle E. P., Wilkins A. J., Coleston D. M., (1995). Thresholds for detection of a target against a background grating suggest visual dysfunction in migraine with aura but not migraine without aura Cephalalgia 15:117–122CrossRefPubMed Chronicle E. P., Wilkins A. J., Coleston D. M., (1995). Thresholds for detection of a target against a background grating suggest visual dysfunction in migraine with aura but not migraine without aura Cephalalgia 15:117–122CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Cialdella P., Mamelle N., (1989). An epidemiological study of infantile autism in a French department (Rhone): A research note Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 30:165–175PubMedCrossRef Cialdella P., Mamelle N., (1989). An epidemiological study of infantile autism in a French department (Rhone): A research note Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 30:165–175PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Corbett J., (1982). Epilepsy and the electroencephalogram in early childhood psychoses In J. K. Wing, L. Wind (Eds) Handbook of Psychiatry vol, 3. London Cambridge University Press pp. 198–202 Corbett J., (1982). Epilepsy and the electroencephalogram in early childhood psychoses In J. K. Wing, L. Wind (Eds) Handbook of Psychiatry vol, 3. London Cambridge University Press pp. 198–202
go back to reference Crobrinik L., (1974). Unusual reading ability in severely disturbed children Journal of Autism and Child Schizophrenia 4:163–175CrossRef Crobrinik L., (1974). Unusual reading ability in severely disturbed children Journal of Autism and Child Schizophrenia 4:163–175CrossRef
go back to reference Deykin E. Y., MacMahon G., (1979). The incidence of seizures among children with autistic symptoms American Journal of Psychiatry 136:1310–1312PubMed Deykin E. Y., MacMahon G., (1979). The incidence of seizures among children with autistic symptoms American Journal of Psychiatry 136:1310–1312PubMed
go back to reference Diagnosticand Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (1994) (4th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association Diagnosticand Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (1994) (4th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association
go back to reference Dunn, LI. M, Dunn, L. M., Whetton, C., & Burley J. (1997). The British Picture Vocabulary Scale (2nd ed.). Windsor, Berks: NFER-Nelson Dunn, LI. M, Dunn, L. M., Whetton, C., & Burley J. (1997). The British Picture Vocabulary Scale (2nd ed.). Windsor, Berks: NFER-Nelson
go back to reference Evans B. J. W., (2001). Dyslexia and Vision London Whurr Publications Evans B. J. W., (2001). Dyslexia and Vision London Whurr Publications
go back to reference Evans B. J. W., Drasdo N., (1991). Tinted lenses and related therapies for learning disabilities: A review Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics 11:206–217CrossRefPubMed Evans B. J. W., Drasdo N., (1991). Tinted lenses and related therapies for learning disabilities: A review Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics 11:206–217CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Evans B. J. W., Joseph F., (2002). The effect of coloured filters on the rate of reading in an adult population Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics 22(6):535–545CrossRefPubMed Evans B. J. W., Joseph F., (2002). The effect of coloured filters on the rate of reading in an adult population Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics 22(6):535–545CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Evans B. J. W., Wilkins A. J., Brown J., Busby A., Wingfield A., Jeanes R., Bald J., (1996a). A preliminary investigation into atetiology of Meares–Irlen Syndrome Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics 164:286–296CrossRef Evans B. J. W., Wilkins A. J., Brown J., Busby A., Wingfield A., Jeanes R., Bald J., (1996a). A preliminary investigation into atetiology of Meares–Irlen Syndrome Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics 164:286–296CrossRef
go back to reference Evans B. J. W., Wilkins A. J., Busby A., Jeanes R., (1996b). Optometric characteristics of children with reading difficulties who report a benefit from coloured filters In D. Garden (ed) John Dalton’s Colour Vision Legacy London Taylor and Francis pp. 709–715 Evans B. J. W., Wilkins A. J., Busby A., Jeanes R., (1996b). Optometric characteristics of children with reading difficulties who report a benefit from coloured filters In D. Garden (ed) John Dalton’s Colour Vision Legacy London Taylor and Francis pp. 709–715
go back to reference Fletcher R., (1998). The City University Colour Vision Test 3 ed. Windsor Keeler Fletcher R., (1998). The City University Colour Vision Test 3 ed. Windsor Keeler
go back to reference Gillberg C., (1991). The treatment of epilepsy in autism Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 21(1):61–77CrossRefPubMed Gillberg C., (1991). The treatment of epilepsy in autism Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 21(1):61–77CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Gillberg C., Steffenburg S., (1987). Outcome and prognostic factors in infantile autism and similar conditions. A population-based study of 46 cases followed through puberty Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 17:271–285CrossRef Gillberg C., Steffenburg S., (1987). Outcome and prognostic factors in infantile autism and similar conditions. A population-based study of 46 cases followed through puberty Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 17:271–285CrossRef
go back to reference Howlin, P. (1996). A Visit to the Light and Sound Therapy Centre. Pamplet. London: National Autistic Society Howlin, P. (1996). A Visit to the Light and Sound Therapy Centre. Pamplet. London: National Autistic Society
go back to reference Huang J., Cooper T. G., Satana D., Kaufman D. I., Cao Y., (2003). Visual distortion associated with hyper visual neuronal activity in migraine Headache 43(6):664–671CrossRefPubMed Huang J., Cooper T. G., Satana D., Kaufman D. I., Cao Y., (2003). Visual distortion associated with hyper visual neuronal activity in migraine Headache 43(6):664–671CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Huang , J., Wilkins, A.J., & Cao, Y. (2004). International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine Proceedings Huang , J., Wilkins, A.J., & Cao, Y. (2004). International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine Proceedings
go back to reference Irlen H., (1991). Reading Through Colours: Overcoming Dyslexia and Other Reading Disabilities Through the Irlen Method New York Avery Irlen H., (1991). Reading Through Colours: Overcoming Dyslexia and Other Reading Disabilities Through the Irlen Method New York Avery
go back to reference Ishihara S., (1970). Tests for Colour-Blindness Tokyo Kanahara Shuppan, 38 plates Ishihara S., (1970). Tests for Colour-Blindness Tokyo Kanahara Shuppan, 38 plates
go back to reference Jackowski M. M., Strurr J. F., Taub H. A., Turk M. A. (1996). Photophobia in patients with brain injury: Uses of light-filtering lenses to enhance contrast sensitivity and reading rate Neurorehabilitation 6:193–201CrossRef Jackowski M. M., Strurr J. F., Taub H. A., Turk M. A. (1996). Photophobia in patients with brain injury: Uses of light-filtering lenses to enhance contrast sensitivity and reading rate Neurorehabilitation 6:193–201CrossRef
go back to reference Jeanes R., Busby A., Martin J., Lewis E., Stevenson N, Pointon D., Wilkins A. J., (1997). Prolonged use of coloured overlays for classroom reading British Journal of Psychology 88:531–548PubMed Jeanes R., Busby A., Martin J., Lewis E., Stevenson N, Pointon D., Wilkins A. J., (1997). Prolonged use of coloured overlays for classroom reading British Journal of Psychology 88:531–548PubMed
go back to reference Kientz M.A., Dunn W., (1997). Comparison of the performance of children with and without autism on the sensory profile The American Journal of Occupational Therapy 51:530–537PubMed Kientz M.A., Dunn W., (1997). Comparison of the performance of children with and without autism on the sensory profile The American Journal of Occupational Therapy 51:530–537PubMed
go back to reference Kriss , I., (2002). An Investigation into the Effects of Coloured Overlays on Reading in Dyslexics and Controls. BSc Thesis. UK: Manchester Metropolitan University Kriss , I., (2002). An Investigation into the Effects of Coloured Overlays on Reading in Dyslexics and Controls. BSc Thesis. UK: Manchester Metropolitan University
go back to reference Lockyer L., Rutter M., (1969). A five to fifteen year follow up study of infantile psychosis. III. Psychological aspects British Journal of Psychology 69:46–54 Lockyer L., Rutter M., (1969). A five to fifteen year follow up study of infantile psychosis. III. Psychological aspects British Journal of Psychology 69:46–54
go back to reference Maclachlan A., Yale S., Wilkins A. J., (1993). Open trials of precision ophthalmic tinting: 1 year follow-up of 55 patients Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics 13:175–178PubMedCrossRef Maclachlan A., Yale S., Wilkins A. J., (1993). Open trials of precision ophthalmic tinting: 1 year follow-up of 55 patients Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics 13:175–178PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Marcus D. A., Soso M. J., (1989). Migraine and stripe-induced discomfort Archives of Neurology 46(10):1129–1132PubMed Marcus D. A., Soso M. J., (1989). Migraine and stripe-induced discomfort Archives of Neurology 46(10):1129–1132PubMed
go back to reference Olsson I., Steffenburg S., Gillberg C., (1988). Epilepsy in autism and autistic-like conditions; a population-based study Archives of Neurology 45:666–668PubMed Olsson I., Steffenburg S., Gillberg C., (1988). Epilepsy in autism and autistic-like conditions; a population-based study Archives of Neurology 45:666–668PubMed
go back to reference Ornitz E.M., (1973). Childhood autism: a review of the clinical and experimental literature California Medicine 118:21–47PubMed Ornitz E.M., (1973). Childhood autism: a review of the clinical and experimental literature California Medicine 118:21–47PubMed
go back to reference Rutter M., (1970). Autistic children. Infancy to adulthood Seminars in Psychiatry 2:435–450PubMed Rutter M., (1970). Autistic children. Infancy to adulthood Seminars in Psychiatry 2:435–450PubMed
go back to reference Steffenburg S., Gillberg C., (1986). Autism and autistic like conditions in Swedish rural urban areas: A population study British Journal of Psychiatry 149:81–87PubMedCrossRef Steffenburg S., Gillberg C., (1986). Autism and autistic like conditions in Swedish rural urban areas: A population study British Journal of Psychiatry 149:81–87PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Stone R., (2002). The Light Barrier New York St Martin’s Press Stone R., (2002). The Light Barrier New York St Martin’s Press
go back to reference Tanoue Y., Oda S., Kawastima K., (1988). Epidemology of infantile autism in southern Ibaraki Spain: Differences in prevalence rates in birth cohorts Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 18:155–166CrossRefPubMed Tanoue Y., Oda S., Kawastima K., (1988). Epidemology of infantile autism in southern Ibaraki Spain: Differences in prevalence rates in birth cohorts Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 18:155–166CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Wilkins A. J., (1994). Overlays for classroom and optometric use Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics 14(4):97–99CrossRefPubMed Wilkins A. J., (1994). Overlays for classroom and optometric use Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics 14(4):97–99CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Wilkins A. J., (1995). Visual Stress Oxford Oxford University Press Wilkins A. J., (1995). Visual Stress Oxford Oxford University Press
go back to reference Wilkins A. J., (2003). Reading Through Colour. Chichester: Wiley Wilkins A. J., (2003). Reading Through Colour. Chichester: Wiley
go back to reference Wilkins A. J., Nimmo-Smith M. I., (1987). The clarity and comfort of printed text Ergonomics 3012:1705–1720CrossRef Wilkins A. J., Nimmo-Smith M. I., (1987). The clarity and comfort of printed text Ergonomics 3012:1705–1720CrossRef
go back to reference Wilkins A. J., Evans B. J. W., Brown J. A., Busby A. E., Wingfield A. E., Jeanes R. J., Bald J., (1994). Double-masked placebo-controlled trial of precision spectral filters in children who use coloured overlays Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics 14(4):365–370CrossRefPubMed Wilkins A. J., Evans B. J. W., Brown J. A., Busby A. E., Wingfield A. E., Jeanes R. J., Bald J., (1994). Double-masked placebo-controlled trial of precision spectral filters in children who use coloured overlays Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics 14(4):365–370CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Wilkins A. J., Jeanes R. J., Pumfrey P. D., Laskier M., (1996). Rate of Reading Test: Its reliability and its validity in the assessment of the effects of the coloured overlay Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics 16:491–497CrossRefPubMed Wilkins A. J., Jeanes R. J., Pumfrey P. D., Laskier M., (1996). Rate of Reading Test: Its reliability and its validity in the assessment of the effects of the coloured overlay Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics 16:491–497CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Wilkins A. J., Lewis E., Smith F., Rowland E., (2001). Coloured overlays and their benefits for reading Journal of Research Reading 181:10–23 Wilkins A. J., Lewis E., Smith F., Rowland E., (2001). Coloured overlays and their benefits for reading Journal of Research Reading 181:10–23
go back to reference Wilkins A. J., Nimmo-Smith M. I., Tait A., McManus C., Della Sala S., Tilley A., Arnold K., Barrie M., Scott S., (1984). A neurological basis for visual discomfort Brain 107:989–1017PubMedCrossRef Wilkins A. J., Nimmo-Smith M. I., Tait A., McManus C., Della Sala S., Tilley A., Arnold K., Barrie M., Scott S., (1984). A neurological basis for visual discomfort Brain 107:989–1017PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Wilkins A. J., Patel R., Adjamian R., Evans B. J. W., (2002). Tinted spectacles and visually sensitive migraine Cephalalgia 22(9):711–719CrossRefPubMed Wilkins A. J., Patel R., Adjamian R., Evans B. J. W., (2002). Tinted spectacles and visually sensitive migraine Cephalalgia 22(9):711–719CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Williams D., (1999). Like Colour to the Blind London Jessica Kingsley Publishers Ltd Williams D., (1999). Like Colour to the Blind London Jessica Kingsley Publishers Ltd
go back to reference Wing L., Gould J., (1979). Severe impairments of social interaction and associated abnormalities in children: Epidemiology and classification Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 9:11–29CrossRefPubMed Wing L., Gould J., (1979). Severe impairments of social interaction and associated abnormalities in children: Epidemiology and classification Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 9:11–29CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Xiao Y., Wang Y., Fellerman D. J., (2003). A spatially organised representation of colour in macaque cortical area V2 Nature 421(6922):535–539CrossRefPubMed Xiao Y., Wang Y., Fellerman D. J., (2003). A spatially organised representation of colour in macaque cortical area V2 Nature 421(6922):535–539CrossRefPubMed
Metagegevens
Titel
The Effect of Coloured Overlays on Reading Ability in Children with Autism
Auteurs
Amanda K. Ludlow
Arnold J. Wilkins
Pam Heaton
Publicatiedatum
01-05-2006
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders / Uitgave 4/2006
Print ISSN: 0162-3257
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3432
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-006-0090-5