Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in: Psychological Research 3/2003

01-08-2003 | Original Article

The construction of spatial situation models during reading

Auteurs: Yves Bestgen, Vincent Dupont

Gepubliceerd in: Psychological Research | Uitgave 3/2003

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract.

Psycholinguistic research faces a major challenge in describing the mental representations readers construct from a text. It is now widely accepted that readers end with a representation of the situation described in the text. However, it is unclear whether this representation allows the activation of elements in accordance with their situation proximity. To answer this question, two experiments were conducted. Participants read texts, sentence by sentence, which gave them instructions about how to arrange items in a layout; they then performed a recognition task. By manipulating the spatial proximity between prime and probe items, this task allowed the measurement of a spatial priming effect. In the first experiment, a larger priming effect was observed for closer items on the spatial layout. The second experiment replicated these findings and showed that the priming effects are better explained by categorical distance than by Euclidean distance.
Literatuur
go back to reference Baguley, T., & Payne, S.J. (2000). Long-term memory for spatial and temporal mental models includes construction processes and model structure. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 53, 479–512. Baguley, T., & Payne, S.J. (2000). Long-term memory for spatial and temporal mental models includes construction processes and model structure. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 53, 479–512.
go back to reference Bestgen, Y., & Vonk, W. (1995). The role of temporal segmentation markers in discourse processing. Discourse Processes, 19, 385–406. Bestgen, Y., & Vonk, W. (1995). The role of temporal segmentation markers in discourse processing. Discourse Processes, 19, 385–406.
go back to reference Bestgen, Y., & Vonk, W. (2000). Temporal adverbials as segmentation markers in discourse comprehension. Journal of Memory and Language, 42, 74–87. Bestgen, Y., & Vonk, W. (2000). Temporal adverbials as segmentation markers in discourse comprehension. Journal of Memory and Language, 42, 74–87.
go back to reference Bower, G.H., & Morrow, D.G. (1990). Mental models in narrative comprehension. Science, 247, 44–48. Bower, G.H., & Morrow, D.G. (1990). Mental models in narrative comprehension. Science, 247, 44–48.
go back to reference Bower, G.H., & Rinck, M. (2001). Selecting one among many referents in spatial situation models. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 27, 81–98. Bower, G.H., & Rinck, M. (2001). Selecting one among many referents in spatial situation models. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 27, 81–98.
go back to reference Cohen, J. (1988). Statisical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Hillsdale: LEA. Cohen, J. (1988). Statisical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Hillsdale: LEA.
go back to reference de Vega, M., (1995). Backward updating of mental models during continuous reading of narratives. Journal of Experimental Psychology : Learning, Memory and Cognition, 21, 373–385. de Vega, M., (1995). Backward updating of mental models during continuous reading of narratives. Journal of Experimental Psychology : Learning, Memory and Cognition, 21, 373–385.
go back to reference Denis, M. (1997). The description of routes: a cognitive approach to the production of spatial discourse. Current Psychology of Cognition, 16, 409–458 Denis, M. (1997). The description of routes: a cognitive approach to the production of spatial discourse. Current Psychology of Cognition, 16, 409–458
go back to reference Denis, M., & Cocude, M. (1989). Scanning visual images generated from verbal descriptions European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 1, 293–307. Denis, M., & Cocude, M. (1989). Scanning visual images generated from verbal descriptions European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 1, 293–307.
go back to reference Denis, M., & Cocude, M. (1992). Structural properties of visual images constructed from poorly or well-structured verbal descriptions. Memory and Cognition, 20, 497–506 Denis, M., & Cocude, M. (1992). Structural properties of visual images constructed from poorly or well-structured verbal descriptions. Memory and Cognition, 20, 497–506
go back to reference Denis, M., & Zimmer, H.D. (1992). Analog properties of cognitive maps constructed from verbal descriptions. Psychological Research, Psychologische Forschung, 54, 286–298. Denis, M., & Zimmer, H.D. (1992). Analog properties of cognitive maps constructed from verbal descriptions. Psychological Research, Psychologische Forschung, 54, 286–298.
go back to reference Ferguson, E.l., & Hegarty, M. (1994). Properties of cognitive maps constructed from text. Memory and Cognition, 22, 455–473 Ferguson, E.l., & Hegarty, M. (1994). Properties of cognitive maps constructed from text. Memory and Cognition, 22, 455–473
go back to reference Glenberg, A.M., & Langston, W.M. (1992). Comprehension of illustrated text: pictures help to build mental models. Journal of Memory and Language, 31, 129–151 Glenberg, A.M., & Langston, W.M. (1992). Comprehension of illustrated text: pictures help to build mental models. Journal of Memory and Language, 31, 129–151
go back to reference Glenberg, A.M., Meyer, M., & Lindem, K. (1987). Mental models contribute to foregrounding during text comprehension. Journal of Memory and Language, 26, 69–83. Glenberg, A.M., Meyer, M., & Lindem, K. (1987). Mental models contribute to foregrounding during text comprehension. Journal of Memory and Language, 26, 69–83.
go back to reference Graesser, A.C., Millis, K.K., & Zwaan, R.A. (1997). Discourse comprehension. Annual Review of Psychology, 48, 163–189. Graesser, A.C., Millis, K.K., & Zwaan, R.A. (1997). Discourse comprehension. Annual Review of Psychology, 48, 163–189.
go back to reference Hakala, C. M. (1999). Accessibility of spatial information in a situation model. Discourse Processes, 27, 261–279. Hakala, C. M. (1999). Accessibility of spatial information in a situation model. Discourse Processes, 27, 261–279.
go back to reference Hirtle, S.C., & Jonides, J. (1985). Evidence of hierarchies in cognitive maps. Memory and Cognition, 13, 208–217. Hirtle, S.C., & Jonides, J. (1985). Evidence of hierarchies in cognitive maps. Memory and Cognition, 13, 208–217.
go back to reference Johnson-Laird, P.N. (1983). Mental models. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Johnson-Laird, P.N. (1983). Mental models. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
go back to reference Kintsch, W. (1998). Comprehension: A paradigm for cognition. New York: Cambridge University Press. Kintsch, W. (1998). Comprehension: A paradigm for cognition. New York: Cambridge University Press.
go back to reference Langston, W., Kramer, D. C. & Glenberg, A.M., (1998) The representation of space in mental models derived from text. Memory and Cognition, 26, 247–262. Langston, W., Kramer, D. C. & Glenberg, A.M., (1998) The representation of space in mental models derived from text. Memory and Cognition, 26, 247–262.
go back to reference McNamara, T. P. (1986). Mental representations of spatial relations. Cognitive Psychology, 18, 87–121. McNamara, T. P. (1986). Mental representations of spatial relations. Cognitive Psychology, 18, 87–121.
go back to reference McNamara, T. P. (1991). Memory's view of space. In G.H. Bower (Ed.), The psychology of Learning and Motivation, pp. 147–186. San Diego : Academic Press. McNamara, T. P. (1991). Memory's view of space. In G.H. Bower (Ed.), The psychology of Learning and Motivation, pp. 147–186. San Diego : Academic Press.
go back to reference Millis, K.K, King, A., & Kim, HJ (2000). Updating situation models from descriptive texts: A test of the situational operator model. Discourse Processes, 30, 201–236. Millis, K.K, King, A., & Kim, HJ (2000). Updating situation models from descriptive texts: A test of the situational operator model. Discourse Processes, 30, 201–236.
go back to reference Morrow, D.G., Greenspan, S., & Bower, G.H. (1987). Accessilility and situation models in narrative comprehension. Journal of Memory and Language, 26, 165–187. Morrow, D.G., Greenspan, S., & Bower, G.H. (1987). Accessilility and situation models in narrative comprehension. Journal of Memory and Language, 26, 165–187.
go back to reference Noordman, L., & Vonk, W. (1998). Discourse comprehension. In A. D. Friederici (Ed.), Language comprehension: A biological perspective (229–262). Berlin: Springer Noordman, L., & Vonk, W. (1998). Discourse comprehension. In A. D. Friederici (Ed.), Language comprehension: A biological perspective (229–262). Berlin: Springer
go back to reference O'Brien, E.J., & Albrecht, J.E. (1992). Comprehension strategies in the development of a mental model. Journal of Experimental Psychology : Learning, Memory and Cognition, 18, 777–784. O'Brien, E.J., & Albrecht, J.E. (1992). Comprehension strategies in the development of a mental model. Journal of Experimental Psychology : Learning, Memory and Cognition, 18, 777–784.
go back to reference Perrig, W., & Kintsch, W. (1985). Propositional and situational representations of text. Journal of Memory and Language, 24, 503–518. Perrig, W., & Kintsch, W. (1985). Propositional and situational representations of text. Journal of Memory and Language, 24, 503–518.
go back to reference Rinck, M., & Bower, G.H. (1995). Anaphora resolution and the focus of attention in situation models. Journal of Memory and Language, 34, 110–131. Rinck, M., & Bower, G.H. (1995). Anaphora resolution and the focus of attention in situation models. Journal of Memory and Language, 34, 110–131.
go back to reference Rinck, M; and Bower, G. (2000). Temporal and spatial distance in situation models. Memory and Cognition, 28, 1310–1320 Rinck, M; and Bower, G. (2000). Temporal and spatial distance in situation models. Memory and Cognition, 28, 1310–1320
go back to reference Rinck, M.; Hähnel, A., Bower, G. & Glowalla, U. (1997). The metrics of spatial situation models. Journal of Experimental Psychology : Learning, Memory and Cognition, 23, 622–637. Rinck, M.; Hähnel, A., Bower, G. & Glowalla, U. (1997). The metrics of spatial situation models. Journal of Experimental Psychology : Learning, Memory and Cognition, 23, 622–637.
go back to reference Rinck, M.; Hähnel, A., & Becker, G. (2001). Using temporal information to construct, update, and retrieve situation models of narratives. Journal of Experimental Psychology : Learning, Memory and Cognition, 27, 67–80 Rinck, M.; Hähnel, A., & Becker, G. (2001). Using temporal information to construct, update, and retrieve situation models of narratives. Journal of Experimental Psychology : Learning, Memory and Cognition, 27, 67–80
go back to reference Rinck, M., Williams, P., Bower, G.H., & Becker, E.S. (1996). Spatial situation models and narrative understanding: Some generalizations and extensions. Discourse Processes, 21, 23–55. Rinck, M., Williams, P., Bower, G.H., & Becker, E.S. (1996). Spatial situation models and narrative understanding: Some generalizations and extensions. Discourse Processes, 21, 23–55.
go back to reference Taylor, H.A., & Tversky, B. (1992). Descriptions and depictions of environments. Memory and Cognition, 20, 483–496. Taylor, H.A., & Tversky, B. (1992). Descriptions and depictions of environments. Memory and Cognition, 20, 483–496.
go back to reference Tversky, B. (1991). Spatial mental models. In G.H. Bower (Ed.), The psychology of Learning and Motivation, pp.109–145. San Diego: Academic Press. Tversky, B. (1991). Spatial mental models. In G.H. Bower (Ed.), The psychology of Learning and Motivation, pp.109–145. San Diego: Academic Press.
go back to reference van Dijk, T.A., & Kintsch W. (1983). Strategies of discourse comprehension. New York: Academic Press. van Dijk, T.A., & Kintsch W. (1983). Strategies of discourse comprehension. New York: Academic Press.
go back to reference Zwaan, R.A. (1996). Processing narrative time shifts. Journal of Experimental Psychology : Learning, Memory and Cognition, 22, 1196–1207. Zwaan, R.A. (1996). Processing narrative time shifts. Journal of Experimental Psychology : Learning, Memory and Cognition, 22, 1196–1207.
go back to reference Zwaan, R.A., & Radvansky, G.A. (1998). Situation models in language comprehension and memory. Psychological Bulletin, 123, 162–185. Zwaan, R.A., & Radvansky, G.A. (1998). Situation models in language comprehension and memory. Psychological Bulletin, 123, 162–185.
Metagegevens
Titel
The construction of spatial situation models during reading
Auteurs
Yves Bestgen
Vincent Dupont
Publicatiedatum
01-08-2003
Uitgeverij
Springer-Verlag
Gepubliceerd in
Psychological Research / Uitgave 3/2003
Print ISSN: 0340-0727
Elektronisch ISSN: 1430-2772
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-002-0111-8

Andere artikelen Uitgave 3/2003

Psychological Research 3/2003 Naar de uitgave