Top

Optie A:

Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
Optie B:

Deel de link per e-mail
Link delen

vorige artikel When Prototypes Are Not Best: Judgments Made by...

volgende artikel Child Temperaments, Differential Parenting, and...

Tip

Swipe om te navigeren naar een ander artikel

01-10-2008 | Original Paper | Uitgave 9/2008

The Childhood Autism Spectrum Test (CAST): Sex Differences

Tijdschrift:: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > Uitgave 9/2008

Auteurs:: Joanna G. Williams, Carrie Allison, Fiona J. Scott, Patrick F. Bolton, Simon Baron-Cohen, Fiona E. Matthews, Carol Brayne

» Toegang tot de volledige tekst krijgen

Belangrijke opmerkingen

Fiona Scott is now freelance.

Abstract

The Childhood Autism Spectrum Test (CAST) (formally known as the Childhood Asperger Screening Test) identifies autism spectrum conditions by measuring social and communication skills. The present study explored the sex distribution of scores. The CAST was distributed to 11,635 children aged 4–9 years in Cambridgeshire primary schools (UK). 3,370 (29%) were returned. The median score was significantly higher in boys (median test, P < 0.001) (Boys, median = 5 (IQR: 3,8); girls, median = 4 (IQR: 2,6)). There was a predominance of boys (n = 81 (79.4%) over girls (n = 21 (20.6%)) amongst those scoring ≥ 15. Exclusion of children with ASC did not significantly affect the results. We conclude that different profiles of social and communication skills in boys and girls must be taken into account when measuring these skills in the general population.

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Hier inloggen

Met onderstaand(e) abonnement(en) heeft u direct toegang:

BSL Psychologie Totaal

Met BSL Psychologie Totaal blijf je als professional steeds op de hoogte van de nieuwste ontwikkelingen binnen jouw vak. Met het online abonnement heb je toegang tot een groot aantal boeken, protocollen, vaktijdschriften en e-learnings op het gebied van psychologie en psychiatrie. Zo kun je op je gemak en wanneer het jou het beste uitkomt verdiepen in jouw vakgebied.

Meer informatie

Allison, C., Baron-Cohen, S., Wheelwright, S., Charman, T., Richler, J., Pasco, G., & Brayne, C. The Q-CHAT (Quantitative CHecklist for Autism in Toddlers): A normally distributed quantitative measure of autistic traits at 18–24 months of age: Preliminary report. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. (in press).

Allison, C., Williams, J., Scott, F., Stott, C., Bolton, P., Baron-Cohen, S., & Brayne, C. (2007). The Childhood Asperger Syndrome Test (CAST): Test–retest reliability in a high scoring sample. Autism, 11, 173–185. PubMedCrossRef

Auyeung, B., Baron-Cohen, S., Chapman, E., Knickmeyer, R., Taylor, K., & Hackett, G. (2006). Foetal testosterone and the child systemizing quotient. European Journal of Endocrinology, 155, S123–S130. CrossRef

Auyeung, B., Baron-Cohen, S., Wheelwright, S., & Allison, C. The autism spectrum quotient: Children’s version (AQ-Child). Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. (in press).

Baron-Cohen, S. (1999). The extreme male-brain theory of autism. In: H. Tager-Flusberg (Ed.), Neurodevelopmental disorders. Cambridge: MIT Press.

Baron-Cohen, S. (2002). The extreme male brain theory of autism. Trends in Cognitive Science, 6, 248–254. CrossRef

Baron-Cohen, S. (2003). The essential difference: Men, women and the extreme male brain. London: Penguin.

Baron-Cohen, S., Allen, J., & Gillberg, C. (1992). Can autism be detected at 18 months? The needle, the haystack, and the CHAT. British Journal of Psychiatry, 161, 839–843. PubMed

Baron-Cohen, S., Cox, A., Baird, G., Swettenham, J., Nightingale, N., Morgan, K., Drew, A., & Charman, T. (1996). Psychological markers in the detection of autism in infancy in a large population. British Journal of Psychiatry, 168, 158–163. PubMed

Baron-Cohen, S., & Hammer, J. (1997). Is autism an extreme form of the male brain? Advances in Infancy Research, 11, 193–217.

Baron-Cohen, S., Hoekstra, R. A., Knickmeyer, R., & Wheelwright, S. (2006). The autism-spectrum quotient (AQ)—adolescent version. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36(3), 343–350. PubMedCrossRef

Baron-Cohen, S., Jolliffe, T., Mortimore, C., & Robertson, M. (1997). Another advanced test of theory of mind: Evidence from very high functioning adults with autism or Asperger syndrome. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 38, 813–822. PubMedCrossRef

Baron-Cohen, S., O’Riordan, M., Stone, V., Jones, R., & Plaisted, K. (1999). Recognition of faux pas by normally developing children and children with Asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 29, 407–418. PubMedCrossRef

Baron-Cohen, S., Scott, F., Allison, C., Williams, J., Bolton, P., Matthews, F., & Brayne, C. (submitted). Estimating autism spectrum prevalence in the population: A school based study from the UK.

Baron-Cohen, S., & Wheelwright, S. (2003). The friendship questionnaire: An investigation of adults with Asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism, and normal sex differences. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 33, 509–517. PubMedCrossRef

Baron-Cohen, S., & Wheelwright, S. (2004). The empathy quotient: an investigation of adults with Asperger syndrome or high functioning autism, and normal sex differences. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 34, 163–175. PubMedCrossRef

Baron-Cohen, S., Wheelwright, S., Skinner, R., Martin, J., & Clubley, E. (2001). The autism-spectrum quotient (AQ): Evidence from Asperger syndrome/high-functioning autism, males and females, scientists and mathematicians. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 31, 5–17. PubMedCrossRef

Baron-Cohen, S., Knickmeyer, R. C., & Belmonte, M. K. (2005). Sex differences in the brain: Implications for explaining autism. Science, 310(5749), 819–823. PubMedCrossRef

Chapman, E., Baron-Cohen, S., Auyeung, B., Knickmeyer, R., Taylor, K., & Hackett, G. (2006). Fetal testosterone and empathy: Evidence from the empathy quotient (EQ) and the ‘‘reading the mind in the eyes’’ test. Social Neuroscience, 1, 135–148. PubMedCrossRef

Constantino, J. N., & Todd, R. D. (2003). Autistic traits in the general population: a twin study. Archives of General Psychiatry, 60, 524–530. PubMedCrossRef

Ehlers, S., & Gillberg, C. (1993). The epidemiology of Asperger syndrome. A total population study. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 34, 1327–1350. PubMedCrossRef

Hansen, V., Jacobsen, B. K., & Arnesen, E. (2001). Prevalence of serious psychiatric morbidity in attenders and nonattenders to a health survey of a general population : The Tromso Health Study. American Journal of Epidemiology, 154, 891–894. PubMedCrossRef

Holliday-Willey, L. (1999). Pretending to be normal. Living with Asperger’s syndrome. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.

Jolliffe, T., & Baron-Cohen, S. (1997). Are people with autism and Asperger syndrome faster than normal on the embedded figures test? Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 38, 527–534. PubMedCrossRef

Knickmeyer, R., Baron-Cohen, S., Raggatt, P., & Taylor, K. (2005). Foetal testosterone, social relationships, and restricted interests in children. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 46, 198–210. PubMedCrossRef

Kopp, S., & Gillberg, C. (1992). Girls with social deficits and learning problems: Autism, atypical Asperger syndrome or a variant of these conditions. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 1, 89–99. CrossRef

Lawson, J., Baron-Cohen, S., & Wheelwright, S. (2004). Empathising and systemising in adults with and without Asperger Syndrome. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 34, 301–310. PubMedCrossRef

Lutchmaya, S., Baron-Cohen, S., & Raggatt, P. (2002). Foetal testosterone and vocabulary size in 18- and 24-month-old infants. Infant Behavior and Development, 24, 418–424. CrossRef

Posserud, M. B., Lundervold, A. J., & Gillberg, C. (2006). Autistic features in a total population of 7–9-year-old children assessed by the ASSQ (Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire). Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47, 167–175. PubMedCrossRef

Ronald, A., Happe, F., Bolton, P., Butcher, L. M., Price, T. S., Wheelwright, S., Baron-Cohen, S., & Plomin, R. (2006a). Genetic heterogeneity between the three components of the autism spectrum: A twin study. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 45, 691–699. PubMedCrossRef

Ronald, A., Happe, F., Price, T. S., Baron-Cohen, S., & Plomin, R. (2006b). Phenotypic and genetic overlap between autistic traits at the extremes of the general population. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 45(10), 1206–1214. PubMedCrossRef

Rutter, M., Cox, A., Tupling, C., Berger, M., & Yule, W. (1975). Attainment and adjustment in two geographical areas. I. The prevalence of psychiatric disorder. British Journal of Psychiatry, 126, 493–509. PubMedCrossRef

Scott, F. J., Baron-Cohen, S., Bolton, P., & Brayne, C. (2002). Brief report: Prevalence of autism spectrum conditions in children aged 5–11 years in Cambridgeshire, UK. Autism, 6, 231–237. PubMedCrossRef

Scott, F. J., Baron-Cohen, S., Bolton, P., & Brayne, C. (2002). The CAST (Childhood Asperger Syndrome Test): Preliminary development of a UK screen for mainstream primary-school-age children. Autism, 6, 9–31. PubMedCrossRef

Williams, J., Allison, C., Scott, F., Stott, C., Bolton, P., Baron-Cohen, S., & Brayne, C. (2006). The childhood Asperger syndrome test (CAST): Test–retest reliability. Autism, 10, 415–427. PubMedCrossRef

Williams, J., & Brayne, C. (2006). Screening for autism spectrum disorders: What is the evidence? Autism, 10, 11–35. PubMedCrossRef

Williams, J., Scott, F., Stott, C., Allison, C., Bolton, P., Baron-Cohen, S., & Brayne, C. (2005). The CAST (Childhood Asperger Syndrome Test): Test accuracy. Autism, 9, 45–68. PubMedCrossRef

Wing, L. (1981). Sex ratios in early childhood autism and related conditions. Psychiatry Research, 5, 129–137. PubMedCrossRef

Wolff, S., & McGuire, R. J. (1995). Schizoid personality in girls: A follow-up study–what are the links with Asperger’s syndrome? Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 36, 793–817. PubMedCrossRef

Titel: The Childhood Autism Spectrum Test (CAST): Sex Differences
Auteurs:: Joanna G. Williams
Carrie Allison
Fiona J. Scott
Patrick F. Bolton
Simon Baron-Cohen
Fiona E. Matthews
Carol Brayne
Publicatiedatum: 01-10-2008
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-008-0558-6
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Tijdschrift: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
Uitgave 9/2008
Print ISSN: 0162-3257
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3432

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Tip

Swipe om te navigeren naar een ander artikel

The Childhood Autism Spectrum Test (CAST): Sex Differences

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Met onderstaand(e) abonnement(en) heeft u direct toegang:

BSL Psychologie Totaal

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Tip

Swipe om te navigeren naar een ander artikel

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Met onderstaand(e) abonnement(en) heeft u direct toegang:

BSL Psychologie Totaal

Andere artikelen Uitgave 9/2008

Quality of Life of Adults with Pervasive Developmental Disorders and Intellectual Disabilities

Brief Report: Attention Effect on a Measure of Social Perception

Beware of Over-Interpreting Negative Trials

Sleep Patterns in School-age Children with Asperger Syndrome or High-functioning Autism: A Follow-up Study

Rachel Forrester-Jones and Sarah Broadhurst, Autism and Loss

Social Anxiety in High-functioning Children and Adolescents with Autism and Asperger Syndrome