Top

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders

Gepubliceerd in:

14-05-2021 | Original Paper

Testing a Model of Sexual Minority Orientation in Individuals with Typical Development, the Broad Autism Phenotype, and Autism Spectrum Disorder

Auteurs: Lydia R. Qualls, Kathrin Hartmann, James F. Paulson, Nicole Kreiser Wells

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders | Uitgave 4/2022

Abstract

Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and the Broad Autism Phenotype (BAP) are more likely than individuals with typical development (TD) to report a sexual minority orientation (e.g., Bejerot and Eriksson, PLoS ONE 9:1–9, 2014; DeWinter et al., Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 47:2927–2934, 2017; Qualls et al., Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 48:3974–3983, 2018). This study operationalized and tested the fit of an existing model of sexual orientation to examine which factors are associated with increased sexual minority orientation (Worthington et al., The Counseling Psychologist 30:496–531, 2002) in individuals with TD, BAP, and ASD. The model was found to have adequate fit, χ² (130) = 374.04, p < 0.001; RMSEA = 0.07; CFI = 0.95; SRMR = 0.08. Heterosexism was found to be the only predictor of sexual minority orientation and a significant predictor in the BAP and ASD groups, with increased daily heterosexist experiences predicting greater sexual minority orientation in these groups.

vorige artikel Homicide Incidents Involving Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder as Victims Reported in the US News Media, 2000–2019

volgende artikel Theory of Mind and Moral Decision-Making in the Context of Autism Spectrum Disorder

Allison, C., Auyeung, B., & Baron-Cohen, S. (2012). Toward brief "red flags” for Autism screening: The Short Autism Spectrum Quotient and the Short Quantitative Checklist in 1,000 cases and 3,000 countrols. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 51(2), 202–212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2011.11.003CrossRef

Allport, G. W., & Ross, J. M. (1967). Personal religious orientation and prejudice. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 5(4), 432–443. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0021212CrossRefPubMed

Balsam, K. F., Beadnell, B., & Molina, Y. (2013). The Daily Heterosexist Experiences Questionnaire: Measuring minority stress among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender adults. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 46(1), 3–25. https://doi.org/10.1177/0748175612449743.TheCrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Bang, E., Hall, M. E. L., Anderson, T. L., & Willingham, M. M. (2005). Ethnicity, acculturation, and religiosity as predictors of female college students’ role expectations. Sex Roles, 53(3–4), 231–237. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-005-5681-7CrossRef

Barnes, D. M., & Meyer, I. H. (2012). Religious affiliation, internalized homophobia, and mental health in lesbians, gay men, and bisexuals. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 82(4), 505–515. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-0025.2012.01185.xCrossRefPubMed

Baron-Cohen, S., & Hammer, J. (1997). Parents of children with asperger syndrome: What is the cognitive phenotype? Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 9(4), 548–554. https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn.1997.9.4.548CrossRefPubMed

Baron-Cohen, S., Wheelwright, S., Skinner, R., Martin, J., & Clubley, E. (2001). The Autism-spectrum Quotient (AQ): Evidence from Asperger syndrome/high-functioning autism, males and females, scientists and mathematicians. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 31(1), 5–17CrossRefPubMed

Baumeister, R. F., & Twenge, J. M. (2002). Cultural suppression of female sexuality. Review of General Psychology, 6(2), 166–203. https://doi.org/10.1037//1089-2680.6.2.166CrossRef

Bejerot, S., & Eriksson, J. M. (2014). Sexuality and gender role in autism spectrum disorder: A case control study. PLoS ONE, 9(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0087961CrossRef

Benford, P., & Standen, P. (2009). The Internet: A comfortable communication medium for autistic people? Journal of Assistive Technologies, 3(2), 44–53. https://doi.org/10.1108/17549450200900015CrossRef

Best, C. S., Moffat, V. J., Power, M. J., Owens, D. G. C., & Johnstone, E. C. (2008). The boundaries of the cognitive phenotype of autism: Theory of mind, central coherence and ambiguous figure perception in young people with autistic traits. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38(5), 840–847. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-007-0451-8CrossRefPubMed

Blumenfeld, W. (1992). Homophobia: How we all pay the price. Beacon Press.

Booth, T., Louise, A., Karen, M., Kuenssberg, R., Donnell, M. O., & Burnett, H. (2013). Brief report: An evaluation of the AQ-10 as a brief screening instrument for ASD in adults. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43, 2997–3000. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-013-1844-5CrossRefPubMed

Byers, E. S., Nichols, S., Voyer, S. D., & Reilly, G. (2012). Sexual well-being of a community sample of high-functioning adults on the autism spectrum who have been in a romantic relationship. Autism, 17(4), 418–433. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361311431950CrossRefPubMed

Cass, V. C. (1979). Homosexuality identity formation: A theoretical model. Journal of Homosexuality, 4, 219–235CrossRefPubMed

Cass, V. C. (1984). Homosexual identity formation: Testing a theoretical model. Journal of Homosexuality, 20(2), 143–167. https://doi.org/10.1300/J082v04n03_01CrossRef

Chonody, J. M. (2013). Measuring sexual prejudice against gay men and lesbian women: Development of the Sexual Prejudice Scale (SPS). Journal of Homosexuality, 60(6), 895–926. https://doi.org/10.1080/00918369.2013.774863CrossRefPubMed

D’Augelli, A. R. (1994). Identity development and sexual orientation: Toward a model of lesbian, gay, and bisexual development. In E. J. Trickett, R. J. Watts, & D. Birman (Eds.), Human diversity: Perspectives on people in context. (pp. 312–333). Jossey-Bass.

Dashow, J. (2017). New FBI data shows increased reported incidents of anti-LGBTQ hate crimes in 2016. Human Rights Campaign. Retrieved from https://www.hrc.org/blog/new-fbi-data-shows-increased-reported-incidents-of-anti-lgbtq-hate-crimes-in-2016

DeWinter, J., De Graaf, H., & Begeer, S. (2017). Sexual orientation, gender identity, and romantic relationships in adolescents and adults with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47(9), 2927–2934. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3199-9CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Diamond, L. M. (2003). What does sexual orientation orient? A biobehavioral model distinguishing romantic love and sexual desire. Psychological Review. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.110.1.173CrossRefPubMed

Diamond, L. M. (2006). What we got wrong about sexual identity development: unexpected findings from a longitudinal study of young women. Sexual orientation and mental health: Examining identity and development in lesbian, gay, and bisexual people. (pp. 73–94). American Psychological Association.CrossRef

Diamond, L. M. (2007). A dynamical systems approach to the development and expression of female same-sex sexuality. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 2(2), 142–161CrossRefPubMed

Dillon, F. R., Worthington, R. L., & Moradi, B. (2011). Sexual identity as a universal process. In S. J. Schwartz (Ed.), Handbook of identity theory and research. (pp. 649–670). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7988-9CrossRef

Floyd, F. J., & Stein, T. S. (2002). Sexual orientation identity formation among gay, lesbian, and bisexual youths: Multiple patterns of milestone experiences. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 12(2), 167–191. https://doi.org/10.1111/1532-7795.00030CrossRef

Felson, J. (2011). The effect of religious background on sexual orientation. Interdisciplinary Journal of Research on Religion, 7, 1–34.

George, R., & Stokes, M. A. (2018a). Gender identity and sexual orientation in autism spectrum disorder. Autism, 22(8), 970–982. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361317714587CrossRefPubMed

George, R., & Stokes, M. A. (2018b). Sexual orientation in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Autism Research, 11(1), 133–141CrossRefPubMed

Gilmour, L., Schalomon, P. M., & Smith, V. (2012). Sexuality in a community based sample of adults with autism spectrum disorder. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 6(1), 313–318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2011.06.003CrossRef

Gorsuch, R. L., & McPherson, S. E. (1989). Intrinsic/extrinsic measurement: I/E-revised and single-item scales. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 28(3), 348–354CrossRef

Guillory, J., Wiant, K. F., Farrelly, M., Fiacco, L., Alam, I., Hoffman, L., Crankshaw, E., Delahanty, J., & Alexander, T. (2018). Recruiting hard-to-reach populations for survey research : Using facebook and instagram advertisements and in-person intercept in LGBT bars and nightclubs to recruit LGBT young adults corresponding author. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 20(6), e197. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.9461CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Hartmann, K., Urbano, M. R., Raffaele, C. T., Qualls, L. R., Williams, T. V., Warren, C., Kreiser, N. L., Elkins, D. E., & Deutsch, S. I. (2019). Sexuality in the autism spectrum study (SASS): Reports from young adults and parents. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04077-yCrossRefPubMed

Henninger, N. A., & Taylor, J. L. (2013). Outcomes in adults with autism spectrum disorders: A historical perspective. Autism, 17(1), 103–116. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361312441266CrossRefPubMed

Herek, G. M. (2007). Confronting sexual stigma and prejudice: Theory and practice. Journal of Social Issues, 63(4), 905–925. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.2007.00544.xCrossRef

Herek, G. M., Norton, A. T., Allen, T. J., & Sims, C. L. (2010). Demographic, psychological, and social characteristics of self-identified lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults in a US probability sample. Sexuality Research and Social Policy, 7(3), 176–200. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-010-0017-yCrossRefPubMed

Hong, J. S., & Garbarino, J. (2012). Risk and protective factors for homophobic bullying in schools: An application of the social-ecological framework. Educational Psychology Review, 24(2), 271–285. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-012-9194-yCrossRef

Hurley, R. S. E., Losh, M., Parlier, M., Reznick, J. S., & Piven, J. (2007). The broad autism phenotype questionnaire. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37(9), 1679–1690. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-006-0299-3CrossRefPubMed

Izuma, K., Matsumoto, K., Camerer, C. F., & Adolphs, R. (2011). Insensitivity to social reputation in autism. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(42), 17302–17307. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1107038108CrossRef

Jobe, L. E., & White, S. W. (2007). Loneliness, social relationships, and a broader autism phenotype in college students. Personality and Individual Differences, 42(8), 1479–1489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2006.10.021CrossRef

Klein, F., Sepekoff, B., & Wolf, T. (1985). Sexual orientation: A multivariable dynamic process. Journal of Homosexuality, 11(1–2), 35–49CrossRefPubMed

Kosinski, M., Matz, S. C., Gosling, S. D., Popov, V., & Stillwell, D. (2015). Facebook as a research tool for the social sciences. American Psychologist, 71(6), 543–556CrossRef

Kunihira, Y., Senju, A., Dairoku, H., Wakabayashi, A., & Hasegawa, T. (2006). “Autistic” traits in non-autistic Japanese populations: Relationships with personality traits and cognitive ability. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36(4), 553–566. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-006-0094-1CrossRefPubMed

Levant, R. F., Hall, R. J., & Rankin, T. J. (2013). Male role norms inventory-short form (MRNI-SF): Development, confirmatory factor analytic investigation of structure, and measurement invariance across gender. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 60(2), 228–238. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0031545CrossRefPubMed

Lewis, L. F. (2016). Exploring the experience of self-diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder in adults. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 30(5), 575–580. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2016.03.009CrossRefPubMed

Lewis, L. F. (2017). A Mixed methods study of barriers to formal diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder in adults. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47(8), 2410–2424. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3168-3CrossRefPubMed

Manly, C. A., & Wells, R. S. (2015). Reporting the use of multiple imputation for missing data in higher education research. Research in Higher Education, 56(4), 397–409. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11162-014-9344-9CrossRef

McCarn, S. R., & Fassinger, R. E. (1996). Revisioning sexual minority identify formation: A new model of lesbian identity and its implications for counseling and research. The Counseling Psychologist, 24, 508–534CrossRef

Mehzabin, P., & Stokes, M. A. (2011). Self-assessed sexuality in young adults with high-functioning autism. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 5(1), 614–621. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2010.07.006CrossRef

Mikołajczak, M., & Pietrzak, J. (2014). Ambivalent sexism and religion: Connected through values. Sex Roles, 70(9–10), 387–399. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-014-0379-3CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (2008). Mplus user’s guide. Muthén & Muthén.

Palmer, C. J., Paton, B., Enticott, P. G., & Hohwy, J. (2014). ‘Subtypes’ in the presentation of autistic traits in the general adult population. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45(3), 1291–1301. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2289-1CrossRef

Pecora, L. A., Mesibov, G. B., & Stokes, M. A. (2016). Sexuality in high-functioning autism: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46(11), 3519–3556. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2892-4CrossRefPubMed

Peplau, L. A., & Garnets, L. D. (2000). A new paradigm for understanding women’s sexuality and sexual orientation. Journal of Social Issues, 56(2), 329–350. https://doi.org/10.1111/0022-4537.00169CrossRef

Piven, J., & Palmer, P. (1997). Cognitive deficits in parents from multiple-incidence autism families. The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 38(8), 1011–1021. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01618.xCrossRefPubMed

Qualls, L. R., Hartmann, K., & Paulson, J. F. (2018). Broad autism phenotypic traits and the relationship to sexual orientation and sexual behavior. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48, 3974–3983. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3556-3CrossRefPubMed

Roberts, A. L., Austin, S. B., Corliss, H. L., Vandermorris, A. K., & Koenen, K. C. (2010). Pervasive trauma exposure among US sexual orientation minority adults and risk of posttraumatic stress disorder. American Journal of Public Health, 100(12), 26–28. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2009.168971CrossRef

Sherkat, D. E. (2002). Sexuality and religious commitment in the United States: An empirical examination. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 41(2), 313–323. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5906.00119CrossRef

Spence, J. T., & Helmreich, R. (1978). Masculinity & femininity: Their psychological dimensions, correlates, & antecedents. University of Texas Press.CrossRef

Spence, J. T., Helmreich, R., & Stapp, J. O. Y. (1973). A short version of the Attitudes toward Women Scale (AWS). Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 2(4), 219–220CrossRef

Stacey, J., & Biblarz, T. J. (2001). (How) does the sexual orientation of parents matter? American Sociological Association, 66(2), 159–183CrossRef

Taylor, J. L., & Seltzer, M. M. (2011). Employment and post-secondary educational activities for young adults with autism spectrum disorders during the transition to adulthood. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41(5), 566–574. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-1070-3CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Troiden, R. R. (1988). Homosexual identity development. Journal of Adolescent Health Care, 9(2), 105–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/0197-0070(88)90056-3CrossRefPubMed

Turner, D., Briken, P., & Scho, D. (2017). Autism-spectrum disorders in adolescence and adulthood: Focus on sexuality. Current Opinion in Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1097/YCO.0000000000000369CrossRefPubMed

Whitley, B. E. (2001). Gender-role variables and attitudes toward homosexuality. Sex Roles, 45(11–12), 691–721. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015640318045CrossRef

Worthington, R. L., Savoy, H. B., Dillon, F. R., & Vernaglia, E. R. (2002). Heterosexual identity development: A multidimensonal model of individual and social identity. The Counseling Psychologist, 30, 496–531. https://doi.org/10.1177/00100002030004002CrossRef

Titel: Testing a Model of Sexual Minority Orientation in Individuals with Typical Development, the Broad Autism Phenotype, and Autism Spectrum Disorder
Auteurs: Lydia R. Qualls
Kathrin Hartmann
James F. Paulson
Nicole Kreiser Wells
Publicatiedatum: 14-05-2021
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders / Uitgave 4/2022
Print ISSN: 0162-3257
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3432
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05064-y

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Andere artikelen Uitgave 4/2022

The Association of the Medicaid 1915(c) Home and Community-Based Services Waivers with Emergency Department Utilization among Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder

A Psychometric Evaluation of the Quality of Life for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Scale

“I was Confused … and Still am” Barriers Impacting the Help-Seeking Pathway for an Autism Diagnosis in Urban North India: A Mixed Methods Study

Parent Questionnaires in the Evaluation of Pre-School Children Referred for Neuropsychiatric Assessment

Brief Report: Medicaid Expansion and Growth in the Workforce for Autism Spectrum Disorder

Intervention Services for Autistic Adults: An ASDEU Study of Autistic Adults, Carers, and Professionals’ Experiences