Top

Optie A:

Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
Optie B:

Deel de link per e-mail
Link delen

vorige artikel Pre-existing Perceptions of ADHD Predict Childr...

volgende artikel Self-Efficacy and Problem Behaviors of School B...

Tip

Swipe om te navigeren naar een ander artikel

21-06-2018 | Original Paper | Uitgave 10/2018

Temperament and Behavioral Problems in Young Children: the Protective Role of Extraversion and Effortful Control

Tijdschrift:: Journal of Child and Family Studies > Uitgave 10/2018

Auteurs:: Begoña Delgado, Miguel A. Carrasco, Paloma González-Peña, Francisco P. Holgado-Tello

» Toegang tot de volledige tekst krijgen

Abstract

This study examines the relationships between temperament traits (negative affectivity, extraversion and effortful control) and children’s externalized and internalized behavioral problems. The sample was composed of 424 children from the ages of 3–6 years old (60% male). Use of a hierarchical regression analysis revealed direct and interactive effects. Specifically, reactive temperamental traits were found to predict behavioral problems in children: negative affect tended to increase externalizing problems, and extraversion tended to decrease internalizing problems. The regulative temperament trait (“effortful control”) negatively predicted both internalizing and externalizing problems. To explore moderating effects, post‐hoc analyses were conducted using the Johnson–Neyman technique with Hayes’s PROCESS. Our analyses revealed that high levels of negative affect (characterized in our study by a higher load of anger or frustration than of fear or sadness) makes a significant and strong contribution to internalizing problems when effortful control reaches its highest levels. Thus, our results endure the protective role of extraversion as preventing the emergence of internalizing problems, and the protective role of effortful control as preventing the emergence of both, internalizing and externalizing, problems. The results also alert to the potential risk of a combination between high levels of effortful control and high levels of negative affect. Overall findings are discussed with regard to previous and future research.

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Hier inloggen

Met onderstaand(e) abonnement(en) heeft u direct toegang:

BSL Psychologie Totaal

Met BSL Psychologie Totaal blijft u als professional steeds op de hoogte van de nieuwste ontwikkelingen binnen uw vak. Met het online abonnement heeft u toegang tot een groot aantal boeken, protocollen, vaktijdschriften en e-learnings op het gebied van psychologie en psychiatrie. Zo kunt u op uw gemak en wanneer het u het beste uitkomt verdiepen in uw vakgebied.

Meer informatie

Achenbach, T. M. (1991). Manual for the Child Behavior Checklist 4/18 and 1991. Profile. Burlington, VT: University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry.

Achenbach, T. M. (1993). Empirically based taxonomy: How to use syndromes and profile types derived from the CBCL/4-18, TRF and YSR. Burlington, VT: University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry. Available from files.eric.ed.gov/fulltex/ED377249.pdf.

Achenbach, T. M., Rescorla, L. A. (2001). Manual for the ASEBA School-Age Forms & Profiles. Burlington,VT: University of Vermont, Research Center for Children, Youth, & Families.

Achenbach, T. M., & Rescorla, L. (2007). Multicultural understanding of child and adolescent psychopathology: Implications for mental health assessment. New York: Guilford Press.

Ahadi, S. A., Rothbart, M. K., & Ye, R. (1993). Children’s temperament in the US and China: Similarities and differences. European Journal of Personality, 7(5), 359–378. CrossRef

Albores, L., Lara-Muñoz, C., Esperó-Vargas, C., Cárdenas, J. A., Pérez, A. M., & Villanueva, G. (2007). CBCL = 6-18 validity and reliability. Includes DSM scales. Actas Españolas Délelőtt Psiquiatría, 35, 393–399.

Bernedo, I. M., Fuentes, M. J., & Fernández, M. (2008). Beha grandparents. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 11, 453–463. CrossRef

Biederman, J., Hirshfeld-Becker, D. R., Rosenbaum, J. F., Herot, C., Friedman, D., Snidman, N., Kagan, J., & Faraone, S. (2001). Further evidence of association between behavioral inhibition and social anxiety in children. American Journal of Psychiatry, 158, 1673–1679. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.158.10.1673. CrossRef

Braza, P., Carreras, R., Muñoz, J. M., Braza, F., Azurmendi, A., Pascual-Sagastizábal, E., & Sánchez-Martín, J. R. (2015). Negative maternal and paternal parenting styles as predictors of children’s behavioral problems: Moderating effects of the child’s sex. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 24(4), 847–856. CrossRef

Brown, D. D., Weatherholt, T. N., & Burns, B. M. (2010). Understanding parent reports of children’s attention behaviors: Role of children’s attention skills, temperament, and home environment. Journal of Early Childhood & Infant Psychology, 6, 41–58. https://doi.org/10.1037/e584752012-238. CrossRef

Burnson, C., Poehlmann, J., & Schwichtenberg, A. J. (2013). Effortful control, positive emotional expression, and behavior problems in children born preterm. Infant Behavior and Development, 36, 564–574. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infbeh.2013.04.003. CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Calkins, S. D., & Fox, N. A. (2002). Self-regulatory processes in early personality development: A multilevel approach to the study of childhood social withdrawal and aggression. Development and Psychopathology, 14, 477–498. https://doi.org/10.1017/s095457940200305x. CrossRef

Carrasco, M. A., & del Barrio, V. (2006). Study on the relations between temperament, aggression, and anger in children. Aggressive Behavior, 32(3), 207–215. CrossRef

Carrasco, M. A., & Del Barrio, M. V. (2007). El modelo de los cinco grandes como predictor de la conducta agresiva en población infanto-juvenil [Five factor model of personality as predictor of aggressive behavior in children and adolescents]. Revista Délelőtt Psicopatología York Psicología Clínica, 12(1), 23–32.

Carrasco, M. A., Holgado-Tello, F. P., Delgado, B., & González-Peña, P. (2016). Reactive temperament traits and behavioural problems in children: the mediating role of effortful control across sex and age. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 13, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/17405629.2015.1083852. CrossRef

Clark, L. A., Watson, D., & Mineka, S. (1994). Temperament, personality, and the mood and anxiety disorders. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 103, 103–116. https://doi.org/10.1037//0021-843x.103.1.103. CrossRef

de la Osa, N., Ezpeleta, L., Doménech, J. M., Navarro, J. B., & Losilla, J. M. (1997). Convergent and discriminant validity of the structured diagnostic interview for children and adolescents (DICA-R). Psychology Spain, 1, 37–44.

de la Osa, N., Granero, R., Penelo, E., Domènech, J. M., & Ezpeleta, L. (2014a). The short and very short forms of the Children’s Behavior Questionnaire in a community sample of preschoolers. Assessment, 21(4), 463–476. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191113508809. CrossRef

de la Osa, N., Granero, R., Penelo, E., Domènech, J. M., & Ezpeleta, L. (2014b). Psychometric properties of the Alabama parenting questionnaire-preschool revision (APQ-Pr) in 3 year-old Spanish preschoolers. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 23(5), 776–784.

del Barrio, V., Aluja, A., & Spielberger, C. (2004). Anger assessment with the STAXI-CA: Psychometric properties of a new instrument for children and adolescents. Personality and Individual Differences, 37(2), 227–244. CrossRef

De Pauw, S. S. W., & Mervielde, I. (2010). Temperament, personality and developmental psychopathology: A review based on the conceptual dimensions underlying childhood traits. Child Psychiatry Human Development, 41, 313–329. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-009-0171-8. CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Di Norcia, A., Pecora, G., Bombi, A. S., Baumgartner, E., & Laghi, F. (2015). Hot and cold inhibitory control in Italian toddlers: Associations with social competence and behavioral problems. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 24(4), 909–914. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-014-9901-z. CrossRef

Eisenberg, N., Cumberland, A., Spinrad, T. L., Fabes, R. A., Shepard, S. A., Reiser, Murphy, B. C., Losoya, S. H., & Guthrie, I. K. (2001). The relations of regulation and emotionality to children’s externalizing and internalizing behaviour problems. Child Development, 72, 1112–1134. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00337. CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Eisenberg, N., Guthrie, I. K., Fabes, R. A., Shepard, S., Losoya, S., Murphy, B., & Reiser, M. (2000). Prediction of elementary school children’s externalizing problem behaviors from attentional and behavioral regulation and negative emotionality. Child Development, 71, 1367–1382. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00233. CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Eisenberg, N., Sadovsky, A., Spinrad, T. L., Fabes, R. A., Losoya, S. H., Valiente, C., Reiser, M., Cumberland, A., & Shepard, S. (2005). The relations of problem behavior status to children’s negative emotionality, effortful control, and impulsivity: Concurrent relations and prediction of change. Developmental Psychology, 41, 193–211. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.41.1.193. CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Eisenberg, N., Smith, C., Spinrad, T., (2011). Effortful control. Relations with emotion regulation, adjustment and socialization in childhood. In: In K. D. Vohs, R. F. Baumeister, (eds.) Handbook of self-regulation: Research, theory, and applications. 2nd ed. pp. 263–283). New York: Guilford Press.

Eisenberg, N., Spinrad, T. L., & Eggum, N. D. (2010). Emotion-related selfregulation and its relation to children´s maladjustment. Annual Review and Clinical Psychology, 6, 495–523. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.121208.131208. CrossRef

Eisenberg, N., Valiente, C., Spinrad, T. L., Cumberland, A., Liew, J., Reiser, M., Zhou, Q., & Losoya, S. (2009). Longitudinal relations of children’s effortful control, impulsivity, and negative emotionality to their externalizing, internalizing, and co-occurring behavior problems. Developmental Psychology, 45, 988–1008. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0016213. CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Eysenck, H. (1967). The biological basis of personality. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas.

Frick, P. J. (2004). Integrating research on temperament and childhood psychopathology: Its pitfalls and promise. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 33, 2–7. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15374424jccp3301_1. CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Gartstein, M. A., Putnam, S. P., & Rothbart, M. K. (2012). Etiology of school behavior problems: Contributions of temperament attributes in early childhood. Infant Mental Health Journal, 33, 197–211. https://doi.org/10.1002/imhj.21312. CrossRef

González-Peña, P., Egido, B. D., Carrasco, M. Á., & Holgado-Tello, F. P. (2013). Aggressive behavior in children: The role of temperament and family socialization. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 16, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1017/sjp.2013.28. CrossRef

González-Peña, P., Paredes-Gáez, J. D., Carrasco, M. A., & Holgado-Tello, F. P. (2015). Dimensionality of the temperament in Spanish children: Negative affectivity, effortful control, and extraversion. Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 25, 1–18.

Granero, R., Domènech, J. M., de la Osa, N., & Ezpeleta, L. (2016). Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire for Children (SPSRQ-C). Personality and Individual Differences, 94, 1–6. CrossRef

Gross, D., Fogg, L., Young, M., Ridge, A., Cowell, J. M., Richardson, R., & Sivan, A. (2006). The equivalence of the Child Behavior Checklist/1 1/2-5 across parent race/ethnicity, income level, and language. Psychological Assessment, 18(3), 313. CrossRef

Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis. A regression-based approach. New York: The Guildford Press.

Hussian, A., & Sharma, S. (2014). Anger expression and mental health of bully perpetrators. FWU Journal of Social Sciences, 8, 17.

Kerr, M., & Schneider, B. (2008). Anger expression in children and adolescents: A review of the empirical literature. Clinical Psychology Review, 28, 559–577. CrossRef

King, K., Lengua, L., & Monahan, K. (2013). Individual differences in the development of self-regulation during pre-adolescence: Connections to adjustment. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 41, 57–69. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-012-9665-0. CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Lonigan, C.J., & Phillips, B.M. (2001). Temperamental basis of anxiety disorders in children. In M.W. Vasey & M.R. Dadds (Eds.), The developmental psychopathology of anxiety (pp. 60–91). New York: Oxford University Press.

Lonigan, C. J., & Vasey, M. W. (2009). Negative affectivity, effortful control, and attention to threat-relevant stimuli. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 37(3), 387–399. CrossRef

Lonigan, C. J., Vasey, M. W., Phillips, B. M., & Hazen, R. A. (2004). Temperament, anxiety, and the processing of threat-relevant stimuli. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 33, 8–20. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15374424jccp3301_2. CrossRef

Martel, M. M., Nigg, J. T., Wong, M. M., Fitzgerald, H. E., Jester, J. M., Puttler, L. I., Glass, J., Adams, K. M., & Zucker, R. A. (2007). Childhood and adolescent resiliency, regulation and executive functioning in relation to adolescent problems and competence in a high-risk sample. Development and Psychopathology, 19, 541–563. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0954579407070265. CrossRef

Meesters, C., Muris, P., & Van Rooijen, B. (2007). Reactive and regulative temperament factors and child psychopathology: Relations of neuroticism and attentional control with symptoms of anxiety and aggression. Journal Psychopathology Behavioral Assessment, 29, 149–158. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-006-9037-6. CrossRef

Mervielde, I., De Clercq, B., De Fruyt, F., & Van Leeuwen, K. (2005). Temperament, personality, and developmental psychopathology as childhood antecedents of personality disorders. Journal Personality Disorder, 19, 171–201. CrossRef

Muris, P., & Ollendick, T. H. (2005). The role of temperament in the etiology of child psychopathology. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 8, 271–289. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-005-8809-y. CrossRef

Muris, P., Meesters, C., & Blijlevens, P. (2007). Self-reported reactive and regulative temperament in middle childhood: Relations to the Big Three and internalizing and externalizing problem behavior. Journal of Adolescence, 30, 1035–1049. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2007.03.003. CrossRef

Murray, K. T., & Kochanska, G. (2002). Effortful control: Factor structure and relation to externalizing and internalizing behaviors. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 30, 503–514. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1019821031523. CrossRef

Olson, S. L., Sameroff, A. J., Kerr, D. C., Lopez, N. L., & Wellman, H. M. (2005). Developmental foundations of externalizing problems in young children: The role of effortful control. Development and Psychopathology, 17(1), 25–45. doi: 10.10170S0954579405050029. CrossRef

Pitzer, M., Esser, G., Schmidt, M. H., & Laucht, M. (2009). Temperament in the developmental course: a longitudinal comparison of New York Longitudinal Study-derived dimensions with the Junior Temperament and Character Inventory. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 48, 572–582. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2007.05.007. CrossRef

Posner, M. R., & Rothbart, M. K. (2000). Developing mechanisms of self-regulation. Development and Psychopathology, 12, 427–441. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579400003096. CrossRef

Prinzie, P., Onghena, P., Hellinckx, W., Grietens, H., Ghesquière, P., & Colpin, H. (2004). Parent and child personality characteristics as predictors of negative discipline and externalizing problem behaviour in children. European Journal of Personality, 18, 73–102. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.501. CrossRef

Prinzie, P., Onghena, P., Hellinkx, W., Grietens, H., Ghesquiere, P., & Colpin, H. (2003). The additive and interactive effects of parenting and children’s personality on externalizing behavior. European Journal of Personality, 17, 95–117. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.467. CrossRef

Rothbart, M. K., & Ahadi, S. A. (2007). Temperament, development and personality. Association for Psychological Science, 16(4), 207–212. https://doi.org/10.1037//0021-843X.103.1.55. CrossRef

Rothbart, M. K., & Bates, J. E. (2006). Temperament. In N. Eisenberg, W. Damon & R. M. Lerner (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology: Vol. 3. Social, emotional, and personality development. 6th ed. (pp. 99–166). New York: Wiley.

Rothbart, M. K., Ahadi, S. A., Hershey, K. L., & Fisher, P. (2001). Investigations of temperament at three to seven years: The Children’s Behavior Questionnaire. Child Development, 72, 1394–1408. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00355. CrossRef

Sanson, A., Hemphill, S. A., & Smart, D. (2004). Connections between Temperament and social development: A review. Social Development, 13, 142–170. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1467-9507.2004.00261.x. CrossRef

Sardinero, E., Pedreira, J. L., & Muniz, J. (1997). Achenbach’s CBCL Questionnaire: Spanish adaptation and clinical-epidemiologic applications. Clínica York Salud, 8, 447–480.

Sleddens, E. F. C., Hughes, S. O., O’Connor, T. M., Beltran, A., Baranowski, J. C., Nicklas, T. A., & Baranowski, T. (2012). The Children’s Behavior Questionnaire very short scale: Psychometric properties and development of a one-item temperament scale. Psychological Reports, 110, 197–217. CrossRef

Spielberger, C. D. (1988). Manual for the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI). Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.

Spielberger, C. D., Johnson, E. H., Russell, S. F., Crane, R. J., Jacobs, G. A., & Worden, T. J. (1985). The experience and expression ofanger: Construction and validation ofan angerexpression scale. In M. A. Chesney & R. H. Rosenman (Eds.), Anger and hostility incardiovascular and behavioral disorders (pp. 5–30). New York, NY: Hemisphere.

Verhulst, F. C., & Achenbach, T. M. (1995). Empirically based assessment and taxonomy of psychopathology: cross-cultural applications. A review. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 4(2), 61–76. CrossRef

Watson, D., Gamez, W., & Simms, L. J. (2005). Basic dimensions of temperament and their relation to anxiety and depression: A symptom-based perspective. Journal of Research in Personality, 39, 46–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2004.09.006. CrossRef

Zhou, Q., Main, A., & Wang, Y. (2010). The relations of temperamental effortful control and anger/frustration to Chinese children’s academic achievement and social adjustment: a longitudinal study. Journal of Educational Psychology, 102, 180–196. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-8606.2011.00176.x. CrossRef

Titel: Temperament and Behavioral Problems in Young Children: the Protective Role of Extraversion and Effortful Control
Auteurs:: Begoña Delgado
Miguel A. Carrasco
Paloma González-Peña
Francisco P. Holgado-Tello
Publicatiedatum: 21-06-2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-018-1163-8
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Tijdschrift: Journal of Child and Family Studies
Uitgave 10/2018
Print ISSN: 1062-1024
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2843

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Tip

Swipe om te navigeren naar een ander artikel

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Met onderstaand(e) abonnement(en) heeft u direct toegang:

BSL Psychologie Totaal

Andere artikelen Uitgave 10/2018

Family Coordination in Families who have a Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Meaning-Making of Motherhood among Rural-to-Urban Migrant Chinese Mothers of Left-Behind Children

The Lausanne Trilogue Play paradigm: Breaking Discoveries in Family Process and Therapy

Preliminary Investigation of Whole-School Mindfulness in Education Programs and Children’s Mindfulness-Based Coping Strategies

Measurement Invariance of the Adolescent Quality of Life-Mental Health Scale (AQOL-MHS) across Gender, Age and Treatment Context

Screening for and Preventing Perinatal Depression