Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in: Bijblijven 3/2008

01-03-2008 | Artikelen

Subklinische hypothyreoïdie, behandelen of niet?

Subklinische hypothyreoïdie, behandelen of niet?

Auteur: Prof.dr. W. M. Wiersinga

Gepubliceerd in: Bijblijven | Uitgave 3/2008

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Samenvatting

Er is geen bewijs dat behandeling van subklinische hypothyreoïdie nuttig is. De NHG-Standaard Schildklieraandoeningen beveelt dan ook aan om niet te behandelen tenzij er klachten zijn, en geen verdere diagnostiek te verrichten. Vanuit internistisch perspectief wordt een wat genuanceerder beleid voorgesteld.
Vanwege de kans op spontane normalisering van het verhoogde TSH is een tweede bloedafname na zes tot twaalf maanden aangewezen om de diagnose te bevestigen. In dit bloedmonster kunnen dan ook schildklierantistoffen en het lipidenspectrum worden bepaald. De rationale hierachter is tweeledig. Ten eerste: hoe hoger de TSH- en/of anti-TPO-concentratie is, des te groter is de kans op progressie naar manifeste hypothyreoïdie. Ten tweede: uit bevolkingsonderzoek blijkt een associatie tussen subklinische hypothyreoïdie en cardiovasculaire morbiditeit en mortaliteit.
Dit leidt tot het advies te behandelen bij een TSH-spiegel van 10 mU/l of hoger en/of hoge anti-TPO-concentraties. Is de TSH-spiegel lager dan 10 mU/l, dan kan men zich laten leiden door andere cardiovasculaire risicofactoren. Bij zwangerschap of zwangerschapswens is behandeling zeker aan te raden; behandeling van ouderen (85 jaar en ouder) is mogelijk nadelig.
Literatuur
1.
go back to reference Wessels P, Rijswijk E van, Boer AM, Lieshout J van. NHG-Standaard Schildklieraandoeningen. Eerste herziening. Huisarts Wet 2006; 49: 361-73. Wessels P, Rijswijk E van, Boer AM, Lieshout J van. NHG-Standaard Schildklieraandoeningen. Eerste herziening. Huisarts Wet 2006; 49: 361-73.
2.
go back to reference Wiersinga WM. Onzekerheden over het nut van behandeling van subklinische schildklierfunctiestoornissen. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2006; 150: 71-4. Wiersinga WM. Onzekerheden over het nut van behandeling van subklinische schildklierfunctiestoornissen. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2006; 150: 71-4.
3.
go back to reference Gharib H, Tuttle RM, Baskin HJ, Fish LH, Singer PA, McDermott MT. Subclinical thyroid dysfunction: a joint statement on management from the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, the American Thyroid Association, and the Endocrine Society. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005;90:581-5. Gharib H, Tuttle RM, Baskin HJ, Fish LH, Singer PA, McDermott MT. Subclinical thyroid dysfunction: a joint statement on management from the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, the American Thyroid Association, and the Endocrine Society. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005;90:581-5.
4.
go back to reference Muller AT, Berghout A, Wiersinga WM, Kooy A, Smit JWA, Hermus ARMM. Thyroid function disorders – guidelines of the Netherlands Association of Internal Medicine. Neth J Med 2008; 66: 134-42. Muller AT, Berghout A, Wiersinga WM, Kooy A, Smit JWA, Hermus ARMM. Thyroid function disorders – guidelines of the Netherlands Association of Internal Medicine. Neth J Med 2008; 66: 134-42.
5.
go back to reference Wiersinga WM. De standaard ‘Schildklieraandoeningen’ (eerste herziening van het Nederlands Huisartsen Genootschap; reactie vanuit de inwendige geneeskunde). Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2007;151:2822-4. Wiersinga WM. De standaard ‘Schildklieraandoeningen’ (eerste herziening van het Nederlands Huisartsen Genootschap; reactie vanuit de inwendige geneeskunde). Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2007;151:2822-4.
6.
go back to reference Parle JV, Franklyn JA, Cross KW, Jones SC, Sheppard MC. Prevalence and follow-up of abnormal thyrotropin (TSH) concentrations in the elderly in the United Kingdom. Clin Endocrinol 1991;34:77-83.CrossRef Parle JV, Franklyn JA, Cross KW, Jones SC, Sheppard MC. Prevalence and follow-up of abnormal thyrotropin (TSH) concentrations in the elderly in the United Kingdom. Clin Endocrinol 1991;34:77-83.CrossRef
7.
go back to reference Huber G, Staub JJ, Meier C, Mitrache C, Guglielmetti M, Huber P, et al. Prospective study of the spontaneous course of subclinical hypothyroidism: prognostic value of thyrotropin, thyroid reserve, and thyroid antibodies. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002;87:3221-6. Huber G, Staub JJ, Meier C, Mitrache C, Guglielmetti M, Huber P, et al. Prospective study of the spontaneous course of subclinical hypothyroidism: prognostic value of thyrotropin, thyroid reserve, and thyroid antibodies. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002;87:3221-6.
8.
go back to reference Diez JJ, Iglesias P, Burman KD. Spontaneous normalization of thyrotropin concentrations in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005;90: 4124-7. Diez JJ, Iglesias P, Burman KD. Spontaneous normalization of thyrotropin concentrations in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005;90: 4124-7.
9.
go back to reference Diez JJ, Iglesias P. Spontaneous subclinical hypothyroidism in patients older than 55 years: an analysis of natural course and risk factors for the development of overt thyroid failure. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89:4890-7. Diez JJ, Iglesias P. Spontaneous subclinical hypothyroidism in patients older than 55 years: an analysis of natural course and risk factors for the development of overt thyroid failure. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89:4890-7.
10.
go back to reference Gussekloo J, Exel E van, Craen AJM de, Meinders AM, Fröhlich M, Westendorp RGJ. Thyroid status, disability and cognitive function, and survival in old age. JAMA 2004;292:2591-9. Gussekloo J, Exel E van, Craen AJM de, Meinders AM, Fröhlich M, Westendorp RGJ. Thyroid status, disability and cognitive function, and survival in old age. JAMA 2004;292:2591-9.
11.
go back to reference Brabant G, Beck-Peccoz P, Jarzab B, Laurberg P, Orgiazzi J, Szabolcs I, et al. Is there a need to redefine the upper normal limit of TSH? Eur J Endocrinol 2006;154:633-7. Brabant G, Beck-Peccoz P, Jarzab B, Laurberg P, Orgiazzi J, Szabolcs I, et al. Is there a need to redefine the upper normal limit of TSH? Eur J Endocrinol 2006;154:633-7.
12.
go back to reference Hollowell JG, Staehling NW, Flanders WD, Hannon WH, Gunter EW, Spencer CA, et al. Serum TSH, T(4), and thyroid antibodies in the United States population (1988 to 1994): National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002;87:489-99. Hollowell JG, Staehling NW, Flanders WD, Hannon WH, Gunter EW, Spencer CA, et al. Serum TSH, T(4), and thyroid antibodies in the United States population (1988 to 1994): National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002;87:489-99.
13.
go back to reference Strieder TGA, Prummel MF, Tijssen JGP, Endert E, Wiersinga WM. Risk factors for and prevalence of thyroid disorders in a cross-sectional study among healthy female relatives of patients with autoimmune thyroid disease. Clin Endocrinol 2003;59:396-401.CrossRef Strieder TGA, Prummel MF, Tijssen JGP, Endert E, Wiersinga WM. Risk factors for and prevalence of thyroid disorders in a cross-sectional study among healthy female relatives of patients with autoimmune thyroid disease. Clin Endocrinol 2003;59:396-401.CrossRef
14.
go back to reference Biondi B, Cooper DS. The clinical significance of subclinical thyroid dysfunction. Endocr Rev 2008;29:76-131.CrossRefPubMed Biondi B, Cooper DS. The clinical significance of subclinical thyroid dysfunction. Endocr Rev 2008;29:76-131.CrossRefPubMed
15.
go back to reference Vanderpump MP, Tunbridge WM, French JM, Appleton D, Bates D, Clark F, et al. The incidence of thyroid disease in the community: a twenty-year follow-up of the Whickham Survey. Clin Endocrinol 1995;43:55-68.CrossRef Vanderpump MP, Tunbridge WM, French JM, Appleton D, Bates D, Clark F, et al. The incidence of thyroid disease in the community: a twenty-year follow-up of the Whickham Survey. Clin Endocrinol 1995;43:55-68.CrossRef
16.
go back to reference Strieder TGA, Tijssen JGP, Wenzel BE, Endert E, Wiersinga WM. Prediction of progression to overt hypo- or hyperthyroidism in female relatives of patients with autoimmune thyroid disease by the THEA (Thyroid Events Amsterdam) score. Arch Int Med 2008; in press. Strieder TGA, Tijssen JGP, Wenzel BE, Endert E, Wiersinga WM. Prediction of progression to overt hypo- or hyperthyroidism in female relatives of patients with autoimmune thyroid disease by the THEA (Thyroid Events Amsterdam) score. Arch Int Med 2008; in press.
17.
go back to reference Surks MI, Ortiz E, Daniels GH, Sawin CT, Col NF, Cobin RH, et al. Subclinical thyroid disease: scientific review and guidelines for diagnosis and management. JAMA 2004;291:228-38. Surks MI, Ortiz E, Daniels GH, Sawin CT, Col NF, Cobin RH, et al. Subclinical thyroid disease: scientific review and guidelines for diagnosis and management. JAMA 2004;291:228-38.
18.
go back to reference Surks MI. Subclinical thyroid dysfunction. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005;90:586-7. Surks MI. Subclinical thyroid dysfunction. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005;90:586-7.
19.
go back to reference Villar HCCE, Saconato H, Valente O, Atallah AN. Thyroid hormone replacement for subclinical hypothyroidism. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007;(4):CD 003419. Villar HCCE, Saconato H, Valente O, Atallah AN. Thyroid hormone replacement for subclinical hypothyroidism. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007;(4):CD 003419.
20.
go back to reference Razvi S, Ingoe L, Keeka G, Oates C, McMillan C, Weaver JU. The beneficial effect of L-thyroxine on cardiovascular risk factors, endothelial function, and quality of life in subclinical hypothyroidism: randomized, crossover trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007;92:1715-23. Razvi S, Ingoe L, Keeka G, Oates C, McMillan C, Weaver JU. The beneficial effect of L-thyroxine on cardiovascular risk factors, endothelial function, and quality of life in subclinical hypothyroidism: randomized, crossover trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007;92:1715-23.
21.
go back to reference Lindeman RD, Schade DS, LaRue A, Romero LJ, Liang HC, Baumgartner RN, et al. Subclinical hypothyroidism in a biethnic, urban community. J Am Geriatr Soc 1999;47:703-9. Lindeman RD, Schade DS, LaRue A, Romero LJ, Liang HC, Baumgartner RN, et al. Subclinical hypothyroidism in a biethnic, urban community. J Am Geriatr Soc 1999;47:703-9.
22.
go back to reference Hak AE, Pols HA, Visser TJ, Drexhage HA, Hofman A, Witteman JC. Subclinical hypothyroidism is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction in elderly women: the Rotterdam study. Ann Int Med 2000;132:270-8. Hak AE, Pols HA, Visser TJ, Drexhage HA, Hofman A, Witteman JC. Subclinical hypothyroidism is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction in elderly women: the Rotterdam study. Ann Int Med 2000;132:270-8.
23.
go back to reference Imaizumi M, Akahosi M, Ichimaru S, Nakashima E, Hida A, Soda M, et al. Risk for ischemic heart disease and all-cause mortality in subclinical hypothyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89:3365-70. Imaizumi M, Akahosi M, Ichimaru S, Nakashima E, Hida A, Soda M, et al. Risk for ischemic heart disease and all-cause mortality in subclinical hypothyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89:3365-70.
24.
go back to reference Kvetny J, Heldgaard PE, Bladbjerg EM, Gram J. Subclinical hypothyroidism is associated with a low-grade inflammation, increased triglyceride levels and predicts cardiovascular disease in males below 50 years. Clin Endocrinol 2004;61:232-8. Kvetny J, Heldgaard PE, Bladbjerg EM, Gram J. Subclinical hypothyroidism is associated with a low-grade inflammation, increased triglyceride levels and predicts cardiovascular disease in males below 50 years. Clin Endocrinol 2004;61:232-8.
25.
go back to reference Walsh JP, Bremner AP, Bulsara MK, O’Leary P, Leedman PJ, Feddema P, et al. Subclinical thyroid dysfunction as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Arch Int Med 2005;165:2467-72. Walsh JP, Bremner AP, Bulsara MK, O’Leary P, Leedman PJ, Feddema P, et al. Subclinical thyroid dysfunction as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Arch Int Med 2005;165:2467-72.
26.
go back to reference Rodondi N, Newman AB, Vittinghoff E, de Rekeneire N, Satterfield S, Harris TB, et al. Subclinical hypothyroidism and the risk of heart failure, other cardiovascular events, and death. Arch Int Med 2005;165:2460-6 Rodondi N, Newman AB, Vittinghoff E, de Rekeneire N, Satterfield S, Harris TB, et al. Subclinical hypothyroidism and the risk of heart failure, other cardiovascular events, and death. Arch Int Med 2005;165:2460-6
27.
go back to reference Cappola AR, Fried LP, Arnold AM, Danese MD, Kuller LH, Burke GL, et al. Thyroid status, cardiovascular risk, and mortality in older adults. JAMA 2006;295:1033-41. Cappola AR, Fried LP, Arnold AM, Danese MD, Kuller LH, Burke GL, et al. Thyroid status, cardiovascular risk, and mortality in older adults. JAMA 2006;295:1033-41.
28.
go back to reference Vanderpump MP, Tunbridge WM, French JM, et al. The development of ischemic heart disease in relation to autoimmune thyroid disease in a 20-year follow-up study of an English community. Thyroid 1996;6:155-60. Vanderpump MP, Tunbridge WM, French JM, et al. The development of ischemic heart disease in relation to autoimmune thyroid disease in a 20-year follow-up study of an English community. Thyroid 1996;6:155-60.
29.
go back to reference Parle JV, Maisonneuve P, Sheppard MC, Boyle P, Franklyn JA. Prediction of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in elderly people from one low serum thyrotropin result: a 10-year cohort study. Lancet 2001;358:861-5. Parle JV, Maisonneuve P, Sheppard MC, Boyle P, Franklyn JA. Prediction of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in elderly people from one low serum thyrotropin result: a 10-year cohort study. Lancet 2001;358:861-5.
30.
go back to reference Völzke H, Schwahn C, Wallaschofski H, Dörr M. The association of thyroid dysfunction with all-cause and circulatory mortality: is there a causal relationship? J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007;92:2421-9. Völzke H, Schwahn C, Wallaschofski H, Dörr M. The association of thyroid dysfunction with all-cause and circulatory mortality: is there a causal relationship? J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007;92:2421-9.
31.
go back to reference Rodondi N, Aujeski D, Vittinghoff E, Cornuz J, Bauer DC. Subclinical hypothyroidism and the risk of coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis. Am J Med 2006;119:541-51. Rodondi N, Aujeski D, Vittinghoff E, Cornuz J, Bauer DC. Subclinical hypothyroidism and the risk of coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis. Am J Med 2006;119:541-51.
32.
go back to reference Singh S, Duggal J, Molnar J, Maldonado F, Barsano CP, Arora R. Impact of subclinical thyroid disorders on coronary heart disease, cardiovascular and all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis. Int J Cardiol 2008;125:41-8. Singh S, Duggal J, Molnar J, Maldonado F, Barsano CP, Arora R. Impact of subclinical thyroid disorders on coronary heart disease, cardiovascular and all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis. Int J Cardiol 2008;125:41-8.
33.
go back to reference Iervasi G, Molinario S, Landi P, Taddei MC, Galli E, Mariani F, et al. Association between increased mortality and mild thyroid dysfunction in cardiac patients. Arch Int Med 2007;167:1526-32. Iervasi G, Molinario S, Landi P, Taddei MC, Galli E, Mariani F, et al. Association between increased mortality and mild thyroid dysfunction in cardiac patients. Arch Int Med 2007;167:1526-32.
34.
go back to reference Abalovich M, Amino N, Barbour LA, et al. Management of thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy and postpartum: an Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007; 92: (8 Suppl) S1-47. Abalovich M, Amino N, Barbour LA, et al. Management of thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy and postpartum: an Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007; 92: (8 Suppl) S1-47.
35.
go back to reference Gammage MD, Parle JV, Holder RL, Roberts LM, Hobbs FD, Wilson S, et al. Association between serum free thyroxine concentration and atrial fibrillation. Arch Int Med 2007;167:928-34. Gammage MD, Parle JV, Holder RL, Roberts LM, Hobbs FD, Wilson S, et al. Association between serum free thyroxine concentration and atrial fibrillation. Arch Int Med 2007;167:928-34.
36.
go back to reference Chubb SA, Davis WA, Davis TM. Interactions among thyroid function, insulin sensitivity, and serum lipid concentrations: the Fremantle diabetes study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005;90:5317-20. Chubb SA, Davis WA, Davis TM. Interactions among thyroid function, insulin sensitivity, and serum lipid concentrations: the Fremantle diabetes study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005;90:5317-20.
Metagegevens
Titel
Subklinische hypothyreoïdie, behandelen of niet?
Subklinische hypothyreoïdie, behandelen of niet?
Auteur
Prof.dr. W. M. Wiersinga
Publicatiedatum
01-03-2008
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Gepubliceerd in
Bijblijven / Uitgave 3/2008
Print ISSN: 0168-9428
Elektronisch ISSN: 1876-4916
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03076337

Andere artikelen Uitgave 3/2008

Bijblijven 3/2008 Naar de uitgave