Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 1/2011

01-01-2011

Structure and Etiology of Co-occurring Internalizing and Externalizing Disorders in Adolescents

Auteurs: Victoria E. Cosgrove, Soo H. Rhee, Heather L. Gelhorn, Debra Boeldt, Robin C. Corley, Marissa A. Ehringer, Susan E. Young, John K. Hewitt

Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology | Uitgave 1/2011

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

Several studies suggest that a two-factor model positing internalizing and externalizing factors explains the interrelationships among psychiatric disorders. However, it is unclear whether the covariation between internalizing and externalizing disorders is due to common genetic or environmental influences. We examined whether a model positing two latent factors, internalizing and externalizing, explained the interrelationships among six psychiatric disorders (major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, separation anxiety disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, and conduct disorder) in adolescents, and whether there are common genetic and environmental influences on internalizing and externalizing latent factors. Multivariate behavior genetic analyses of data from 1162 twin pairs and 426 siblings ascertained from the general population via the Colorado Center for Antisocial Drug Dependence (CADD) were conducted. We found support for a model positing two latent factors (internalizing and externalizing). These factors were moderately heritable and influenced by significant common genetic and nonshared environmental influences. These findings suggest that co-occurrence of internalizing and externalizing psychopathology in adolescents results from both genetic and environmental influences.
Literatuur
go back to reference Achenbach, T. M. (1991). Manual for the child behavior checklist/4-18 and 1991 profile. Burlington: University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry. Achenbach, T. M. (1991). Manual for the child behavior checklist/4-18 and 1991 profile. Burlington: University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry.
go back to reference Angold, A., Costello, E. J., & Erkanli, A. (1999). Comorbidity. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 40, 57–87.CrossRefPubMed Angold, A., Costello, E. J., & Erkanli, A. (1999). Comorbidity. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 40, 57–87.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington: American Psychiatric Association. American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington: American Psychiatric Association.
go back to reference Burcusa, S. L., Iacono, W. G., & McGue, M. (2003). Adolescent twins discordant for major depressive disorder: shared familial liability to externalizing and other internalizing disorders. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 44(7), 997–1005.CrossRefPubMed Burcusa, S. L., Iacono, W. G., & McGue, M. (2003). Adolescent twins discordant for major depressive disorder: shared familial liability to externalizing and other internalizing disorders. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 44(7), 997–1005.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Burt, S. A. (2009). Rethinking environmental contributions to child and adolescent psychopathology: a meta-analysis of shared environmental influences. Psychological Bulletin, 135, 608–637.CrossRefPubMed Burt, S. A. (2009). Rethinking environmental contributions to child and adolescent psychopathology: a meta-analysis of shared environmental influences. Psychological Bulletin, 135, 608–637.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Burt, S. A., Krueger, R. F., McGue, M., & Iacono, W. G. (2001). Sources of covariation among attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, and conduct disorder: the importance of shared environment. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 110, 516–525.CrossRefPubMed Burt, S. A., Krueger, R. F., McGue, M., & Iacono, W. G. (2001). Sources of covariation among attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, and conduct disorder: the importance of shared environment. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 110, 516–525.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Caspi, A., Sugden, K., Moffitt, T. E., Taylor, A., Craig, I. W., Harrington, H., et al. (2003). Influence of life stress on depression: moderation by a polymorphism in the 5-HTT gene. Science, 301, 386–389.CrossRefPubMed Caspi, A., Sugden, K., Moffitt, T. E., Taylor, A., Craig, I. W., Harrington, H., et al. (2003). Influence of life stress on depression: moderation by a polymorphism in the 5-HTT gene. Science, 301, 386–389.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Clark, L. A., & Watson, D. (1991). Tripartite model of anxiety and depression: psychometric evidence and taxonomic implications. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100, 316–336.CrossRefPubMed Clark, L. A., & Watson, D. (1991). Tripartite model of anxiety and depression: psychometric evidence and taxonomic implications. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100, 316–336.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Cole, D. A., Truglio, R., & Peeke, L. (1997). Relation between symptoms of anxiety and depression in children: a multitrait-multimethod-multigroup assessment. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65, 110–119.CrossRefPubMed Cole, D. A., Truglio, R., & Peeke, L. (1997). Relation between symptoms of anxiety and depression in children: a multitrait-multimethod-multigroup assessment. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65, 110–119.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Dick, D. M., Viken, R. J., Kaprio, J., Pulkkinen, L., & Rose, R. J. (2005). Understanding the covariation among childhood externalizing symptoms: genetic and environmental influences on conduct disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and oppositional defiant disorder symptoms. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 33, 219–229.CrossRefPubMed Dick, D. M., Viken, R. J., Kaprio, J., Pulkkinen, L., & Rose, R. J. (2005). Understanding the covariation among childhood externalizing symptoms: genetic and environmental influences on conduct disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and oppositional defiant disorder symptoms. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 33, 219–229.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Derks, E. M., Dolan, C. V., & Boomsma, D. I. (2004). Effects of censoring on parameter estimates and power in genetic modeling. Twin Research, 7, 659–669.CrossRefPubMed Derks, E. M., Dolan, C. V., & Boomsma, D. I. (2004). Effects of censoring on parameter estimates and power in genetic modeling. Twin Research, 7, 659–669.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Eaves, L. J., Silberg, J. L., Meyer, J. M., Maes, H. H., Simonoff, E., Pickles, A., et al. (1997). Genetics and developmental psychopathology: 2. The main effects of genes and environment on behavioral problems in the Virginia twin study of adolescent behavioral development. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 38, 965–980.CrossRefPubMed Eaves, L. J., Silberg, J. L., Meyer, J. M., Maes, H. H., Simonoff, E., Pickles, A., et al. (1997). Genetics and developmental psychopathology: 2. The main effects of genes and environment on behavioral problems in the Virginia twin study of adolescent behavioral development. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 38, 965–980.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Ehringer, M. A., Rhee, S. H., Young, S., Corley, R., & Hewitt, J. K. (2006). Genetic and environmental contributions to common psychopathologies of childhood and adolescence: a study of twins and their siblings. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 34, 1–17.CrossRefPubMed Ehringer, M. A., Rhee, S. H., Young, S., Corley, R., & Hewitt, J. K. (2006). Genetic and environmental contributions to common psychopathologies of childhood and adolescence: a study of twins and their siblings. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 34, 1–17.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Eley, T. C., Sugden, K., Corsico, A., Gregory, A. M., Sham, P., McGuffin, P., et al. (2004). Gene-environment interaction analysis of serotonin system markers with adolescent depression. Molecular Psychiatry, 9, 908–915.CrossRefPubMed Eley, T. C., Sugden, K., Corsico, A., Gregory, A. M., Sham, P., McGuffin, P., et al. (2004). Gene-environment interaction analysis of serotonin system markers with adolescent depression. Molecular Psychiatry, 9, 908–915.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Gjone, H., & Stevenson, J. (1997). The association between internalizing and externalizing behavior in childhood and early adolescence: genetic of environmental common influences? Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 25, 277–286.CrossRefPubMed Gjone, H., & Stevenson, J. (1997). The association between internalizing and externalizing behavior in childhood and early adolescence: genetic of environmental common influences? Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 25, 277–286.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Hannelius, U., Gherman, L., Makela, V. V., Lindstedt, A., Zucchelli, M., Lagerberg, C., et al. (2007). Large-scale zygosity testing using single nucleotide polymorphisms. Twin Research and Human Genetics, 10(4), 604–625.CrossRefPubMed Hannelius, U., Gherman, L., Makela, V. V., Lindstedt, A., Zucchelli, M., Lagerberg, C., et al. (2007). Large-scale zygosity testing using single nucleotide polymorphisms. Twin Research and Human Genetics, 10(4), 604–625.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Harrington, R., Fudge, H., Rutter, M., Pickles, A., & Hill, J. (1991). Adult outcomes of childhood and adolescent depression: II. Links with antisocial disorders. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 30, 434–439.CrossRefPubMed Harrington, R., Fudge, H., Rutter, M., Pickles, A., & Hill, J. (1991). Adult outcomes of childhood and adolescent depression: II. Links with antisocial disorders. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 30, 434–439.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Hewitt, J. K., Silberg, J. L., Neale, M. C., Eaves, L. J., & Erickson, M. (1992). The analysis of parental ratings of children’s behavior using LISREL. Behavior Genetics, 22, 293–317.CrossRefPubMed Hewitt, J. K., Silberg, J. L., Neale, M. C., Eaves, L. J., & Erickson, M. (1992). The analysis of parental ratings of children’s behavior using LISREL. Behavior Genetics, 22, 293–317.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Hewitt, J. K., Silberg, J. L., Rutter, M., Simonoff, E., Meyer, J. M., Maes, H., et al. (1997). Genetics and developmental psychopathology: 1. Phenotypic assessment in the Virginia Twin Study of Adolescent Behavioral Development. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 38, 943–963.CrossRefPubMed Hewitt, J. K., Silberg, J. L., Rutter, M., Simonoff, E., Meyer, J. M., Maes, H., et al. (1997). Genetics and developmental psychopathology: 1. Phenotypic assessment in the Virginia Twin Study of Adolescent Behavioral Development. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 38, 943–963.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Hicks, B. M., Blonigen, D. M., Kramer, M. D., Krueger, R. F., Patrick, C. J., Iacono, W. G., et al. (2007). Gender differences and developmental change in externalizing disorders from late adolescence to early adulthood: a longitudinal twin study. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 116, 433–447.CrossRefPubMed Hicks, B. M., Blonigen, D. M., Kramer, M. D., Krueger, R. F., Patrick, C. J., Iacono, W. G., et al. (2007). Gender differences and developmental change in externalizing disorders from late adolescence to early adulthood: a longitudinal twin study. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 116, 433–447.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Hudziak, J. J., Achenbach, T. M., Althoff, R. R., & Pine, D. S. (2007). A dimensional approach to developmental psychopathology. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 16(S1)I, S16–S23. Hudziak, J. J., Achenbach, T. M., Althoff, R. R., & Pine, D. S. (2007). A dimensional approach to developmental psychopathology. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 16(S1)I, S16–S23.
go back to reference Jaffee, S. R., & Price, T. S. (2007). Gene-environment correlations: a review of the evidence and implications for prevention of mental illness. Molecular Psychiatry, 12, 432–442.PubMed Jaffee, S. R., & Price, T. S. (2007). Gene-environment correlations: a review of the evidence and implications for prevention of mental illness. Molecular Psychiatry, 12, 432–442.PubMed
go back to reference Jensen, P. S., Watanable, H. K., & Richters, J. E. (1999). Who’s up first? Testing for order effects in structured interviews using a counterbalanced experimental design. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 27(6), 439–445.CrossRefPubMed Jensen, P. S., Watanable, H. K., & Richters, J. E. (1999). Who’s up first? Testing for order effects in structured interviews using a counterbalanced experimental design. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 27(6), 439–445.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Kendler, K. S., Prescott, C. A., Myers, J., & Neale, M. C. (2003). The structure of genetic and environmental risk factors for common psychiatric and substance use disorders in men and women. Archives of General Psychiatry, 60, 929–937.CrossRefPubMed Kendler, K. S., Prescott, C. A., Myers, J., & Neale, M. C. (2003). The structure of genetic and environmental risk factors for common psychiatric and substance use disorders in men and women. Archives of General Psychiatry, 60, 929–937.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Kendler, K. S., Gardner, C. O., & Lichtenstein, P. (2008). A developmental twin study of symptoms of anxiety and depression: evidence for genetic innovation and attenuation. Psychological Medicine, 38, 1567–1575.CrossRefPubMed Kendler, K. S., Gardner, C. O., & Lichtenstein, P. (2008). A developmental twin study of symptoms of anxiety and depression: evidence for genetic innovation and attenuation. Psychological Medicine, 38, 1567–1575.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Knapp, P., & Mastergeorge, A. M. (2009). Clinical implications of current findings in neurodevelopment. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 32, 177–197.CrossRefPubMed Knapp, P., & Mastergeorge, A. M. (2009). Clinical implications of current findings in neurodevelopment. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 32, 177–197.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Krueger, R. F. (1999). The structure of common mental disorders. Archives of General Psychiatry, 56, 921–926.CrossRefPubMed Krueger, R. F. (1999). The structure of common mental disorders. Archives of General Psychiatry, 56, 921–926.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Krueger, R. F., Caspi, A., Moffitt, T. E., & Silva, P. A. (1998). The structure and stability of common mental disorders (DSM-III-R): a longitudinal-epidemiological study. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 107, 216–227.CrossRefPubMed Krueger, R. F., Caspi, A., Moffitt, T. E., & Silva, P. A. (1998). The structure and stability of common mental disorders (DSM-III-R): a longitudinal-epidemiological study. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 107, 216–227.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Krueger, R. F., McGue, M., & Iacono, W. G. (2001). The higher-order structure of common DSM mental disorders: internalization, externalization, and their connections to personality. Personality and Individual Differences, 30, 1245–1259.CrossRef Krueger, R. F., McGue, M., & Iacono, W. G. (2001). The higher-order structure of common DSM mental disorders: internalization, externalization, and their connections to personality. Personality and Individual Differences, 30, 1245–1259.CrossRef
go back to reference Lahey, B. B., & Waldman, I. D. (2003). A developmental propensity model of the origins of conduct problems during childhood and adolescence. In B. B. Lahey, T. E. Moffitt, & A. Caspi (Eds.), Causes of conduct disorder and juvenile delinquency (pp. 76–117). New York: The Guilford. Lahey, B. B., & Waldman, I. D. (2003). A developmental propensity model of the origins of conduct problems during childhood and adolescence. In B. B. Lahey, T. E. Moffitt, & A. Caspi (Eds.), Causes of conduct disorder and juvenile delinquency (pp. 76–117). New York: The Guilford.
go back to reference Lilienfeld, S. O. (2003). Comorbidity between and within childhood externalizing and internalizing disorders: reflections and directions. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 31, 285–291.CrossRefPubMed Lilienfeld, S. O. (2003). Comorbidity between and within childhood externalizing and internalizing disorders: reflections and directions. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 31, 285–291.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Lopez Leon, S., Croes, E. A., Sayed-Tabatabaei, F. A., Claes, S., Van Broeckhoven, C., & van Duijn, C. M. (2005). The dopamine D4 receptor gene 48-base-pair-repeat polymorphism and mood disorders: a meta-analysis. Biological Psychiatry, 57, 999–1003.CrossRefPubMed Lopez Leon, S., Croes, E. A., Sayed-Tabatabaei, F. A., Claes, S., Van Broeckhoven, C., & van Duijn, C. M. (2005). The dopamine D4 receptor gene 48-base-pair-repeat polymorphism and mood disorders: a meta-analysis. Biological Psychiatry, 57, 999–1003.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference McMahon, R. J., & Frick, P. J. (2005). Evidence-based assessment of conduct problems in children and adolescents. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 34(3), 477–505.CrossRefPubMed McMahon, R. J., & Frick, P. J. (2005). Evidence-based assessment of conduct problems in children and adolescents. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 34(3), 477–505.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Middeldorp, C. M., Cath, D. C., Van Dyck, R., & Boomsma, D. I. (2005). The co-morbidity of anxiety and depression in the perspective of genetic epidemiology. A review of twin and family studies. Psychological Medicine, 35, 611–624.CrossRefPubMed Middeldorp, C. M., Cath, D. C., Van Dyck, R., & Boomsma, D. I. (2005). The co-morbidity of anxiety and depression in the perspective of genetic epidemiology. A review of twin and family studies. Psychological Medicine, 35, 611–624.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Mik, H. M., Ehtesham, S., Baldassarra, L., De Luca, V., Davidge, K., Bender, D., et al. (2007). Serotonin system genes and childhood-onset aggression. Psychiatric Genetics, 17, 11.CrossRefPubMed Mik, H. M., Ehtesham, S., Baldassarra, L., De Luca, V., Davidge, K., Bender, D., et al. (2007). Serotonin system genes and childhood-onset aggression. Psychiatric Genetics, 17, 11.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Moffitt, T. E. (1993). Adolescence-limited and life-course-persistent antisocial behavior: a developmental taxonomy. Psychological Review, 100, 674–701.CrossRefPubMed Moffitt, T. E. (1993). Adolescence-limited and life-course-persistent antisocial behavior: a developmental taxonomy. Psychological Review, 100, 674–701.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Muris, P., & Ollendick, T. H. (2005). The role of temperament in the etiology of child psychopathology. Clinical and Child Family Psychology Review, 8, 271–288.CrossRef Muris, P., & Ollendick, T. H. (2005). The role of temperament in the etiology of child psychopathology. Clinical and Child Family Psychology Review, 8, 271–288.CrossRef
go back to reference Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (1998–2004). Mplus user’s guide (3rd ed.). Los Angeles: Muthén & Muthén. Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (1998–2004). Mplus user’s guide (3rd ed.). Los Angeles: Muthén & Muthén.
go back to reference Nadder, T. S., Silberg, J. L., Eaves, L. J., Maes, H. H., & Meyer, J. M. (1998). Genetic effects on ADHD symptomatology in 7- to 13-year-old twins: results from a telephone survey. Behavior Genetics, 28, 83–99.CrossRefPubMed Nadder, T. S., Silberg, J. L., Eaves, L. J., Maes, H. H., & Meyer, J. M. (1998). Genetic effects on ADHD symptomatology in 7- to 13-year-old twins: results from a telephone survey. Behavior Genetics, 28, 83–99.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Nadder, T. S., Rutter, M., Silberg, J. L., Maes, H. H., & Eaves, L. J. (2002). Genetic effects on the variation and covariation of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and oppositional-defiant disorder/conduct disorder (Odd/CD) symptomatologies across informant and occasion of measurement. Psychological Medicine, 32, 39–53.CrossRefPubMed Nadder, T. S., Rutter, M., Silberg, J. L., Maes, H. H., & Eaves, L. J. (2002). Genetic effects on the variation and covariation of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and oppositional-defiant disorder/conduct disorder (Odd/CD) symptomatologies across informant and occasion of measurement. Psychological Medicine, 32, 39–53.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Neale, M. C., Boker, S. M., Xie, G., & Maes, H. H. (2002). Mx: Statistical modeling (6th ed.). Richmond: Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University. Neale, M. C., Boker, S. M., Xie, G., & Maes, H. H. (2002). Mx: Statistical modeling (6th ed.). Richmond: Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University.
go back to reference Nigg, J. T. (2006). Temperament and developmental psychopathology. Journal of Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry, 47, 395–422.CrossRef Nigg, J. T. (2006). Temperament and developmental psychopathology. Journal of Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry, 47, 395–422.CrossRef
go back to reference O’Connor, T. G., McGuire, S., Reiss, D., Hetherington, E. M., & Plomin, R. (1998). Co-occurrence of depressive symptoms and antisocial behavior in adolescence: a common genetic liability. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 107, 27–37.CrossRefPubMed O’Connor, T. G., McGuire, S., Reiss, D., Hetherington, E. M., & Plomin, R. (1998). Co-occurrence of depressive symptoms and antisocial behavior in adolescence: a common genetic liability. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 107, 27–37.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Plomin, R., DeFries, J. C., & McClearn, G. E. (1990). Behavioral genetics: A primer (2nd ed.). New York: W.H. Freeman and Company. Plomin, R., DeFries, J. C., & McClearn, G. E. (1990). Behavioral genetics: A primer (2nd ed.). New York: W.H. Freeman and Company.
go back to reference Plomin, R., Asbury, K., Dip, P. G., & Dunn, J. (2001). Why are children in the same family so different? Nonshared environment a decade later. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 46, 225–233. Plomin, R., Asbury, K., Dip, P. G., & Dunn, J. (2001). Why are children in the same family so different? Nonshared environment a decade later. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 46, 225–233.
go back to reference Posthuma, D., & Boomsma, D. I. (2000). A note on the statistical power in extended twin designs. Behavior Genetics, 30, 147–158.CrossRefPubMed Posthuma, D., & Boomsma, D. I. (2000). A note on the statistical power in extended twin designs. Behavior Genetics, 30, 147–158.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Puig-Antich, J. (1982). Major depression and conduct disorder in prepuberty. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 21, 118–128.CrossRef Puig-Antich, J. (1982). Major depression and conduct disorder in prepuberty. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 21, 118–128.CrossRef
go back to reference Rhea, S. A., Gross, A. A., Haberstick, B. C., & Corley, R. P. (2006). Colorado twin registry. Twin Resesearch and Human Genetics, 9, 941–949.CrossRef Rhea, S. A., Gross, A. A., Haberstick, B. C., & Corley, R. P. (2006). Colorado twin registry. Twin Resesearch and Human Genetics, 9, 941–949.CrossRef
go back to reference Rowe, D. C., Stever, C., Chase, D., Sherman, S., Abramowitz, A., & Waldman, I. D. (2001). Two dopamine genes related to reports of childhood retrospective inattention and conduct disorder symptoms. Molecular Psychiatry, 6, 429–433.CrossRefPubMed Rowe, D. C., Stever, C., Chase, D., Sherman, S., Abramowitz, A., & Waldman, I. D. (2001). Two dopamine genes related to reports of childhood retrospective inattention and conduct disorder symptoms. Molecular Psychiatry, 6, 429–433.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Sakai, J. T., Young, S. E., Stallings, M. C., Timberlake, D., Smolen, A., Stetler, G. L., et al. (2006). Case-control and within-family tests for an association between conduct disorder and 5HTTLPR. American Journal of Medical Genetics B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics, 141B, 825–832.CrossRef Sakai, J. T., Young, S. E., Stallings, M. C., Timberlake, D., Smolen, A., Stetler, G. L., et al. (2006). Case-control and within-family tests for an association between conduct disorder and 5HTTLPR. American Journal of Medical Genetics B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics, 141B, 825–832.CrossRef
go back to reference Schwab-Stone, M. E., Shaffer, D., Dulcan, M. K., Jensen, P. S., Fisher, P., Bird, H. R., et al. (1996). Criterion validity of the NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version 2.3 (DISC 2.3). Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35(7), 878–888.CrossRefPubMed Schwab-Stone, M. E., Shaffer, D., Dulcan, M. K., Jensen, P. S., Fisher, P., Bird, H. R., et al. (1996). Criterion validity of the NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version 2.3 (DISC 2.3). Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35(7), 878–888.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Shaffer, D., Fisher, P., Dulcan, M. K., Davies, M., Piacentini, J., Schwab-Stone, M. E., et al. (1996). The NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version 2.3 (DISC-2.3): Description, acceptability, prevalence rates, and performance in the MECA Study. Methods for the epidemiology of child and adolescent mental disorders study. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35, 865–877.CrossRefPubMed Shaffer, D., Fisher, P., Dulcan, M. K., Davies, M., Piacentini, J., Schwab-Stone, M. E., et al. (1996). The NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version 2.3 (DISC-2.3): Description, acceptability, prevalence rates, and performance in the MECA Study. Methods for the epidemiology of child and adolescent mental disorders study. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35, 865–877.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Shaffer, D., Fisher, P., Lucas, C. P., Dulcan, M. K., & Schwab-Stone, M. E. (2000). NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version IV (NIMH DISC-IV): description, differences from previous versions, and reliability of some common diagnoses. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 39, 28–38.CrossRefPubMed Shaffer, D., Fisher, P., Lucas, C. P., Dulcan, M. K., & Schwab-Stone, M. E. (2000). NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version IV (NIMH DISC-IV): description, differences from previous versions, and reliability of some common diagnoses. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 39, 28–38.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Silberg, J. L., & Bulik, C. M. (2005). The developmental association between eating disorders symptoms and symptoms of depression and anxiety in juvenile twin girls. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 46, 1317–1326.CrossRefPubMed Silberg, J. L., & Bulik, C. M. (2005). The developmental association between eating disorders symptoms and symptoms of depression and anxiety in juvenile twin girls. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 46, 1317–1326.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Silberg, J., Rutter, M., Meyer, J., Maes, H., Hewitt, J., Simonoff, E., et al. (1996). Genetic and environmental influences on the covariation between hyperactivity and conduct disturbance in juvenile twins. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 37, 803–816.CrossRefPubMed Silberg, J., Rutter, M., Meyer, J., Maes, H., Hewitt, J., Simonoff, E., et al. (1996). Genetic and environmental influences on the covariation between hyperactivity and conduct disturbance in juvenile twins. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 37, 803–816.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Silverman, W. K., & Ollendick, T. H. (2005). Evidence-based assessment of anxiety and its disorders in children and adolescents. Journal of Clincal Child and Adolescent Psychology, 34(3), 380–411.CrossRef Silverman, W. K., & Ollendick, T. H. (2005). Evidence-based assessment of anxiety and its disorders in children and adolescents. Journal of Clincal Child and Adolescent Psychology, 34(3), 380–411.CrossRef
go back to reference Simonoff, E., Pickles, A., Hervas, A., Silberg, J. L., Rutter, M., & Eaves, L. (1998). Genetic influences on childhood hyperactivity: contrast effects imply parental rating bias, not sibling interaction. Psychological Medicine, 28, 825–837.CrossRefPubMed Simonoff, E., Pickles, A., Hervas, A., Silberg, J. L., Rutter, M., & Eaves, L. (1998). Genetic influences on childhood hyperactivity: contrast effects imply parental rating bias, not sibling interaction. Psychological Medicine, 28, 825–837.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Stallings, M. C., Hewitt, J., Lessem, J. M., Young, S. E., Corley, R., Mikulich, S. K., et al. (2001). Modeling the familial transmission of alcohol dependence symptom counts in clinical and control family pedigrees [Abstract]. Behavior Genetics, 31, 470. Stallings, M. C., Hewitt, J., Lessem, J. M., Young, S. E., Corley, R., Mikulich, S. K., et al. (2001). Modeling the familial transmission of alcohol dependence symptom counts in clinical and control family pedigrees [Abstract]. Behavior Genetics, 31, 470.
go back to reference Subbarao, A., Rhee, S. H., Young, S. E., Ehringer, M. A., Corley, R. P., & Hewitt, J. K. (2008). Common genetic and environmental influences on major depressive disorder and conduct disorder. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 36, 433–444.CrossRefPubMed Subbarao, A., Rhee, S. H., Young, S. E., Ehringer, M. A., Corley, R. P., & Hewitt, J. K. (2008). Common genetic and environmental influences on major depressive disorder and conduct disorder. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 36, 433–444.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Thapar, A., Harrington, R., & McGuffin, P. (2001). Examining the comorbidity of ADHD-related behaviours and conduct problems using a twin study design. British Journal of Psychiatry, 179, 224–229.CrossRefPubMed Thapar, A., Harrington, R., & McGuffin, P. (2001). Examining the comorbidity of ADHD-related behaviours and conduct problems using a twin study design. British Journal of Psychiatry, 179, 224–229.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Turkheimer, E., & Waldron, M. (2000). Nonshared environment: a theoretical, methodological, and quantitative review. Psychological Bulletin, 126, 78–108.CrossRefPubMed Turkheimer, E., & Waldron, M. (2000). Nonshared environment: a theoretical, methodological, and quantitative review. Psychological Bulletin, 126, 78–108.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Waldman, I. D., Rhee, S. H., & Levy, F. (2001). Causes of overlap among symptoms of ADHD, oppositional defiant disorder, and conduct disorder. In F. Levy & D. A. Hay (Eds.), Attention, genes, and ADHD (pp. 115–138). New York: Brunner-Routledge. Waldman, I. D., Rhee, S. H., & Levy, F. (2001). Causes of overlap among symptoms of ADHD, oppositional defiant disorder, and conduct disorder. In F. Levy & D. A. Hay (Eds.), Attention, genes, and ADHD (pp. 115–138). New York: Brunner-Routledge.
go back to reference Wolff, J. C., & Ollendick, T. H. (2006). The comorbidity of conduct problems and depression in childhood and adolescence. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 9, 201–220.CrossRefPubMed Wolff, J. C., & Ollendick, T. H. (2006). The comorbidity of conduct problems and depression in childhood and adolescence. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 9, 201–220.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Young, S. E., Stallings, M. C., Corley, R. P., Krauter, K. S., & Hewitt, J. K. (2000). Genetic and environmental influences on behavioral disinhibition. American Journal of Medical Genetics, 96B, 684–695.CrossRef Young, S. E., Stallings, M. C., Corley, R. P., Krauter, K. S., & Hewitt, J. K. (2000). Genetic and environmental influences on behavioral disinhibition. American Journal of Medical Genetics, 96B, 684–695.CrossRef
go back to reference Zoccolillo, M. (1992). Co-occurrence of conduct disorder and its adult outcomes with depressive and anxiety disorders: a review. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 31, 547–556.CrossRefPubMed Zoccolillo, M. (1992). Co-occurrence of conduct disorder and its adult outcomes with depressive and anxiety disorders: a review. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 31, 547–556.CrossRefPubMed
Metagegevens
Titel
Structure and Etiology of Co-occurring Internalizing and Externalizing Disorders in Adolescents
Auteurs
Victoria E. Cosgrove
Soo H. Rhee
Heather L. Gelhorn
Debra Boeldt
Robin C. Corley
Marissa A. Ehringer
Susan E. Young
John K. Hewitt
Publicatiedatum
01-01-2011
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology / Uitgave 1/2011
Print ISSN: 2730-7166
Elektronisch ISSN: 2730-7174
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-010-9444-8

Andere artikelen Uitgave 1/2011

Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 1/2011 Naar de uitgave