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2017 | OriginalPaper | Hoofdstuk

4. Spieren en spierfunctie

Auteur : Prof. dr. I. Bautmans

Gepubliceerd in: Geriatrie in de fysiotherapie en kinesitherapie

Uitgeverij: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

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Samenvatting

Aanvakelijk werd sarcopenie gedefinieerd als leeftijdsgebonden afname in spiermassa. Operationele definities voor sarcopenie omvatten functieverlies in aanwezigheid van spierzwakte en/of spieratrofie. De pathofysiologie is multifactorieel en een nauwe samenhang met inflammatoire processen werd aangetoond. Sarcopenie verergert door een complexe interactie tussen veroudering, ondergebruik, immobilisatie, ziekte en ondervoeding. Een uitgebreid geriatrisch assessment moet het mogelijk maken de relatieve bijdrage van deze factoren te bepalen en een adequate behandelstrategie te ontwikkelen. Intensieve krachttraining is thans de meest efficiënte behandeling voor sarcopenie, zelfs bij zeer oude geriatrische patiënten. Significante verbeteringen (tot >50 % krachtswinst) kunnen verwacht worden na zes weken training bij twee tot drie sessies per week. Vanuit preventief oogpunt zou alle oudere patiënten geadviseerd moeten worden een dergelijk oefenprogramma te starten en vol te houden. Naast effecten in de spier zelf, worden systemische reacties uitgelokt door spierkrachttraining, waaronder een betere cellulaire bescherming en een verlaging van het inflammatoir profiel.
vorige hoofdstuk Fysieke activiteit en oefenen: definities, voordelen, risico’s en normen
volgende hoofdstuk Balanscontrole bij veroudering
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Metagegevens
Titel
Spieren en spierfunctie
Auteur
Prof. dr. I. Bautmans
Copyright
2017
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Boek
Geriatrie in de fysiotherapie en kinesitherapie

Print ISBN: 978-90-368-1349-5

Elektronisch ISBN: 978-90-368-1350-1

Copyright: 2017

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-368-1350-1_4