Top

Gepubliceerd in:

01-08-2012 | Original Article

Specificity of Peritraumatic Fear in Predicting Anxious Reactivity to a Biological Challenge among Traumatic Event-Exposed Adolescents

Auteurs: Christal L. Badour, Matthew T. Feldner, Heidemarie Blumenthal, Sarah J. Bujarski, Ellen W. Leen-Feldner, Kimberly A. Babson

Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research | Uitgave 4/2012

Abstract

Theory implicates peritraumatic fear-based interoceptive conditioning in the development of panic spectrum problems subsequent to traumatic event exposure. Relatively little empirical work has directly investigated this hypothesis. The current study tested the hypothesis that level of peritraumatic fear would predict anxious reactivity to a well-established 3-min voluntary hyperventilation procedure administered to 63 adolescents who had experienced a DSM-IV-TR-defined traumatic event. This relation was examined after controlling for variance accounted for by posttraumatic stress symptoms, sex, age, anxiety sensitivity, general symptoms of psychopathology, and both peritraumatic helplessness and disgust. As predicted, peritraumatic fear was related to anxious reactivity to hyperventilation-elicited bodily arousal. Specificity tests suggested this relation was specific to peritraumatic fear. Prospective research is now needed to better elucidate the relation between peritraumatic fear and subsequent development of anxious reactivity to bodily arousal and panic spectrum problems.

vorige artikel The Nature of Threat: Enhanced Recall of Internal Threat Words in Fear of Flying

volgende artikel Experiential Avoidance Mediates the Association Between Behavioral Inhibition and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Achenbach, T. M. (1991). Manual for the Child Behavior Checklist/4–18 and 1991 Profile. Burlington, VT: University of Vermont Department of Psychiatry.

American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th Edn-Text Revision). Washington, DC: Author.

Andrews, B. (1998). Methodological and definitional issues in shame research. In P. Gilbert & B. Andrews (Eds.), Shame: Interpersonal behavior, psychopathology, and culture (pp. 39–54). New York: Oxford University Press.

Barlow, D. H. (2002). Anxiety and its disorders (Second Edition): The nature and treatment of anxiety and panic. New York: Guilford.

Bouton, M., Mineka, S., & Barlow, D. (2001). A modern learning theory perspective on the etiology of panic disorder. Psychological Review, 108, 4–32. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.108.1.4.PubMedCrossRef

Brewin, C. R., Andrews, B., & Rose, S. (2000). Fear, helplessness, and horror in posttraumatic stress disorder: Investigating DSM-IV Criterion A2 in victims of violent crime. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 13, 499–509. doi:10.1023/A:1007741526169.PubMedCrossRef

Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112, 155–159. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.155.PubMedCrossRef

Cohen, J., & Cohen, P. (1983). Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Copeland, W. E., Keeler, G., Angold, A., & Costello, J. (2007). Traumatic events and posttraumatic stress disorder in childhood. Archives of General Psychiatry, 64, 577–584. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.64.5.577.PubMedCrossRef

Falsetti, S. A., Resnick, H. S., Dansky, B. S., Lydiard, R. B., & Kilpatrick, D. G. (1995). The relationship of stress to panic disorder: cause or effect? In C. M. Mazure (Ed.), Does stress cause psychiatric illness? (pp. 111–147). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.

Feldner, M. T., Babson, K. A., & Zvolensky, M. J. (2007). Smoking, traumatic event exposure and posttraumatic stress: A critical review of the empirical literature. Clinical Psychology Review, 27, 14–45. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2006.08.004.PubMedCrossRef

Feldner, M. T., Frala, J., Badour, C., Leen-Feldner, E. W., & Olatunji, B. O. (2010). An empirical test of the association between disgust and sexual assault. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 3, 11–22. doi:10.1521/ijct.2010.3.1.11.CrossRef

Feldner, M. T., Vujanovic, A. A., Gibson, L. E., & Zvolensky, M. J. (2008). Posttraumatic stress disorder and anxious and fearful reactivity to bodily arousal: A test of the mediating role of nicotine withdrawal severity among daily smokers in 12-hour nicotine deprivation. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 16, 144–155. doi:10.1037/1064-1297.16.2.144.PubMedCrossRef

Foa, E. B., Johnson, K., Feeny, N., & Treadwell, K. (2001). The child PTSD symptom scale: A preliminary examination of its psychometric properties. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 30, 376–384. doi:10.1207/S15374424JCCP3003_9.PubMedCrossRef

Foa, E. B., & Kozak, M. J. (1986). Emotional processing of fear: Exposure to corrective information. Psychological Bulletin, 99, 20–35. doi:10.1016/S0005-7967(96)00069-1.PubMedCrossRef

Foa, E. B., Steketee, G., & Rothbaum, B. O. (1989). Behavioral/cognitive conceptualizations of post-traumatic stress disorder. Behavior Therapy, 20, 155–176. doi:10.1016/S0005-7894(89)80067-X.CrossRef

Fried, R., & Grimaldi, J. (1993). The psychology and physiology of breathing: In behavioral medicine, clinical psychology, and psychiatry. New York: Plenum press.

Glaser, J.-P., van Os, J., Portegijs, P. J. M., & Myin-Germeys, I. (2006). Childhood trauma and emotional reactivity to daily life stress in adult frequent attenders of general practitioners. Journal of Psychometric Research, 61, 229–236. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2006.04.014.CrossRef

Goodwin, R. D., Fergusson, D. M., & Horwood, L. J. (2005). Childhood abuse and familial violence and the risk of panic attacks and panic disorder in young adulthood. Psychological Medicine, 35, 881–890. doi:10.1017/S0033291704003265.PubMedCrossRef

Gotlib, I. A., Traill, S. K., Montoya, R. L., Joormann, J., & Chang, K. (2005). Attention and memory biases in the offspring of parents with bipolar disorder: Indications from a pilot study. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 46, 84–93. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00333.x.PubMedCrossRef

Hawks, E., Blumenthal, H., Feldner, M. T., Leen-Feldner, E. W., & Jones, R. (in press). An examination of the relation between traumatic event exposure and panic-relevant biological challenge responding among adolescents. Behavior Therapy. doi:10.1016/j.beth.2010.11.002.

Haynes, S. N., & Lench, H. C. (2003). Incremental validity of new assessment measures. Psychological Assessment, 15, 456–466.PubMedCrossRef

Hayward, C., Killen, J. D., Hammer, L. D., Litt, I. F., Wilson, D. M., Simmonds, B., et al. (1992). Pubertal stage and panic attack history in sixth- and seventh-grade girls. American Journal of Psychiatry, 149, 1239–1243.PubMed

Hayward, C., Killen, J. D., Kraemer, H. C., Blair-Greiner, A., Strachowski, D., Cunning, D., et al. (1997). Assessment and phenomenology of nonclinical panic attacks in adolescent girls. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 11, 17–32. doi:10.1016/S0887-6185(96)00032-1.PubMedCrossRef

Hinton, D. E., Hofmann, S. G., Pitman, R. K., Pollack, M. H., & Barlow, D. H. (2008). The panic attack-posttraumatic stress disorder model: Applicability to orthostatic panic among Cambodian refugees. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 37, 101–116. doi:10.1080/16506070801969062.PubMedCrossRef

Hinton, D. E., So, V., Pollack, M. H., Pitman, R. K., & Orr, S. P. (2004). The psychophysiology of orthostatic panic in Cambodian refugees attending a psychiatric clinic. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 26, 1–13. doi:10.1023/B:JOBA.0000007451.85942.42.CrossRef

Hornsveld, H., Garssen, B., Dop, M. F., & van Spiegel, P. (1990). Symptom reporting during voluntary hyperventilation and mental load: Implications for diagnosing hyperventilation syndrome. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 34, 687–697. doi:10.1016/0022-3999(90)90113-I.PubMedCrossRef

Hornsveld, H., Garssen, B., & van Spiegel, P. (1995). Voluntary hyperventilation: The influence of duration and depth on the development of symptoms. Biological Psychology, 40, 299–312. doi:10.1016/0301-0511(95)05120-Y.PubMedCrossRef

Hughes, C. W., & Melson, A. G. (2008). Child and adolescent measures for diagnosis and screening. In A. J. Rush, M. B. First, & D. Blacker (Eds.), Handbook of psychiatric measures (2nd ed., pp. 251–308). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.

Jensen, C. F., Keller, T. W., Peskind, E. R., McFall, M. E., Veith, R. C., Martin, D., et al. (1997). Behavioral and neuroendocrine responses to sodium lactate infusion in subjects with posttraumatic stress disorder. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 154, 266–268.PubMed

Jensen, C. F., Peskind, E. R., Keller, T. W., McFall, M. E., & Raskind, M. A. (1998). Comparison of sodium lactate-induced panic symptoms between panic disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder. Depression and Anxiety, 7, 122–125. doi:10.1002.PubMedCrossRef

Jones, J. C., & Barlow, D. H. (1990). The etiology of PTSD. Clinical Psychology Review, 10, 299–328. doi:10.1016/0272-7358(90)90064-H.CrossRef

Karam, E. G., Andrews, G., Bromet, E., Petukhova, M., Ruscio, A. M., & Kessler, R. C. (2010). The role of criterion A2 in the DSM-IV diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder. Biological Psychiatry, 68, 465–473. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.04.032.PubMedCrossRef

Kaysen, D., Morris, M., Rizvi, S. L., & Resick, P. A. (2005). Peritraumatic responses and their relationship to perceptions of threat in female crime victims. Violence Against Women, 11, 1515–1535. doi:10.1177/1077801205280931.PubMedCrossRef

Kilpatrick, D. G., Ruggiero, K. J., Acierno, R., Saunders, B. E., Resnick, H. S., & Best, C. L. (2003). Violence and risk of PTSD, major depression, substance abuse/dependence and comorbidity: Results from the national survey of adolescents. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 71, 692–700. doi:10.1037.0022-006X.71.4.692.PubMedCrossRef

Krinsley, K. E., Gallagher, J. G., Weathers, F. W., Kutter, C. J., & Kaloupek, D. G. (2003). Consistency of retrospective reporting about exposure to traumatic events. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 16, 399–409. doi:10.1023/A:1024474204233.PubMedCrossRef

Lau, J. J., Calamari, J. E., & Waraczynski, M. (1996). Panic attack symptomatology and anxiety sensitivity in adolescents. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 10, 355–364. doi:10.1016/0887-6185(96)00016-3.CrossRef

Leen-Feldner, E. W., Feldner, M. T., Bernstein, A., McCormick, J. T., & Zvolensky, M. J. (2005). Anxiety sensitivity and anxious responding to bodily sensations: A test among adolescents using a voluntary hyperventilation challenge. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 29, 593–609. doi:10.1007/s10608-005-3510-5.CrossRef

Leen-Feldner, E. W., Feldner, M. T., Tull, M. T., Roemer, L., & Zvolensky, M. J. (2006a). An examination of worry in relation to anxious responding to voluntary hyperventilation among adolescents. Behavior Research and Therapy, 44, 1803–1809. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2005.12.014.CrossRef

Leen-Feldner, E. W., Reardon, L. E., McKee, L. G., Feldner, M. T., Babson, K. A., & Zvolensky, M. J. (2006b). The interactive role of anxiety sensitivity and pubertal status in predicting anxious responding to bodily sensations among adolescents. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 34, 797–810. doi:10.1007/s10802-006-9079-y.CrossRef

Leen-Feldner, E. W., Reardon, L. E., & Zvolensky, M. J. (2007). Pubertal status and emotional reactivity to a voluntary hyperventilation challenge predicting panic symptoms and somatic complaints: A laboratory-based multi-informant test. Behavior Modification, 31, 8–31. doi:10.1177/0145445506295058.PubMedCrossRef

Leen-Feldner, E. W., Feldner, M. T., Reardon, L. E., Babson, K. A., & Dixon, L. (2008). Anxiety sensitivity and posttraumatic stress among traumatic event-exposed youth. Behavior Research and Therapy, 46, 548–556. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2008.01.014.CrossRef

Macaulay, J. L., & Kleinknecht, R. A. (1989). Panic and panic attacks in adolescents. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 3, 221–241. doi:10.1016/0887-6185(89)90016-9.CrossRef

Nixon, R., & Bryant, R. (2003). Peritraumatic and persistent panic attacks in acute stress disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 41, 1237–1242. doi:10.1016/S0005-7967(03)00150-5.PubMedCrossRef

Nixon, R., Resick, P., & Griffin, M. (2004). Panic following trauma: The etiology of acute posttraumatic arousal. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 18, 193–210. doi:10.1016/S0887-6185(02)00290-6.PubMedCrossRef

Olatunji, B. O., Leen-Feldner, E. W., Feldner, M. T., & Forsyth, J. P. (2007). Experimental psychopathology. In D. McKay (Ed.), Handbook of research methods in abnormal and clinical psychology (pp. 47–60). California: Sage.

Ollendick, T. H., Mattis, S. G., & King, N. J. (1994). Panic in children and adolescents: A review. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 35, 113–134. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1994.tb01134.x.PubMedCrossRef

Pfefferbaum, B., Stuber, J., Galea, S., & Fairbrother, G. (2006). Panic reactions to terrorist attacks and probable posttraumatic stress disorder in adolescents. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 19, 217–228. doi:10.1002/jts.20118.PubMedCrossRef

Pitman, R. K., & Orr, S. P. (1990). The black hole of trauma. Biological Psychiatry, 27, 469–471.PubMedCrossRef

Rainey, J. M., Aleem, A., Ortiz, A., Yeragani, V., Phol, R., & Berchou, R. (1987). A laboratory procedure for the induction of flashbacks. American Journal of Psychiatry, 144, 1317–1319.PubMed

Rapee, R. M. (1995). Psychological factors influencing the affective response to biological challenge procedures in panic disorder. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 9, 59–74. doi:10.1016/0887-6185(94)00028-9.CrossRef

Reardon, L. E., Leen-Feldner, E. W., & Hayward, C. (2009). A critical review of the empirical literature on the relation between anxiety and puberty. Clinical Psychology Review, 29, 1–23. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2008.09.005.PubMedCrossRef

Reed, V., & Hittchen, H.-u. (1998). DSM-IV panic attacks and panic disorder in a community sample of adolescents and young adults: How specific are panic attacks? Journal of Psychiatric Research, 32, 335–345. doi:10.1016/S0022-3956(98)00014-4.PubMedCrossRef

Reiss, S., & McNally, R. J. (1985). Expectancy model of fear. In S. Reiss & R. R. Bootzin (Eds.), Theoretical issues in behavior therapy (pp. 107–121). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.

Ruscio, A. M., Ruscio, J., & Keane, T. M. (2002). The latent structure of post-traumatic stress disorder. A taxometric investigation of reactions to extreme stress. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 111, 290–301.PubMedCrossRef

Rutter, M. (1994). Beyond longitudinal data: Causes, consequences, changes, and continuity. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 62, 928–940.PubMedCrossRef

Sechrest, L. (1963). Incremental validity: A recommendation. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 23, 153–158. doi:10.1177/001316446302300113.CrossRef

Silverman, W. K., & Albano, A. M. (1996). The anxiety disorders interview schedule for DSM-IV: Child and parent versions. San Antonio, TX: Physiological Corporation.

Silverman, W. K., Fleisig, W., Rabian, B., & Peterson, R. A. (1991). Childhood anxiety sensitivity index. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 20, 162–168. doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp2002_7.CrossRef

Silverman, W. K., Saavedra, L. M., & Pina, A. A. (2001). Test–retest reliability of anxiety symptoms and diagnoses with Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for DSM-IV: Child and parent versions. Journal of the American Academy Child Adolescent Psychiatry, 40, 937–944. doi:10.1097/00004583-200108000-00016.CrossRef

Sinclair, E., Salmon, K., & Bryant, R. A. (2007). The role of panic attacks in acute stress disorder in children. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 20, 1069–1073. doi:10.1002/jts.20272.PubMedCrossRef

Southwick, S. M., Krystal, J. H., Morgan, C. A., Johnson, D., Nagy, L. M., Nicolaou, A., et al. (1993). Abnormal noradrenergic function in posttraumatic stress disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 50, 266–274.PubMedCrossRef

Southwick, S. M., Krystal, J. H., Bremner, J. D., Nicolaon, A. L., Nagy, L. M., & Charney, D. M. (1997a). Noradrenergic and serotonergic function in posttraumatic stress disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 54, 749–758.PubMedCrossRef

Southwick, S. M., Morgan, C. A., Nicolaou, A. L., & Charney, D. S. (1997b). Consistency of memory for combat-related traumatic events in veterans of Operation Desert Storm. American Journal of Psychiatry, 154, 173–177.PubMed

Springer, C., & Padgett, D. (2000). Gender differences in young adolescents’ exposure to violence and rates of PTSD symptomatology. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 70, 370–379. doi:10.1037/h0087637.PubMedCrossRef

Stein, B. D., Jaycox, L. H., Kataoka, S. H., Wong, M., Tu, W., Elliott, M. N., et al. (2003). A mental health intervention for schoolchildren exposed to violence. Journal of the American Medical Association, 290, 603–611. doi:10.1001/jama.290.S.603.PubMedCrossRef

Taylor, S., Koch, W. J., & McNally, R. J. (1992). How does anxiety sensitivity vary across the anxiety disorders? Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 6, 249–259. doi:10.1016/0887-6185(92)90037-8.CrossRef

Unnewehr, S., Schneider, S., Margraf, J., Jenkins, M., & Florin, I. (1996). Exposure to internal and external stimuli: Reactions in children of patients with panic disorder and animal phobia. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 10, 489–508. doi:10.1016/S0887-6185(96)00025-4.CrossRef

Wolpe, J. (1958). Psychotherapy by reciprocal inhibition. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.

Wood, J. J., Piacentini, J. C., Bergman, R. L., McCracken, J., & Barrios, V. (2002). Concurrent validity of the anxiety disorders section of the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for the DSM-IV: Child and parent versions. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 31, 335–342. doi:10.1207/S15374424JCCP3103_05.PubMed

Zvolensky, M. J., & Eifert, G. H. (2001). A review of psychological factors/processes affecting anxious responding during voluntary hyperventilation and inhalations of carbon-dioxide-enriched air. Clinical Psychology Review, 21, 375–400. doi:10.1016/S0272-7358(99)00053-7.PubMedCrossRef

Zvolensky, M. J., Lejuez, C. W., Stuart, G. L., & Curtin, J. J. (2001). Experimental psychopathology in psychological science. Review of General Psychology, 5, 371–381. doi:10.1037//1089-2680.5.4.371.CrossRef

Titel: Specificity of Peritraumatic Fear in Predicting Anxious Reactivity to a Biological Challenge among Traumatic Event-Exposed Adolescents
Auteurs: Christal L. Badour
Matthew T. Feldner
Heidemarie Blumenthal
Sarah J. Bujarski
Ellen W. Leen-Feldner
Kimberly A. Babson
Publicatiedatum: 01-08-2012
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research / Uitgave 4/2012
Print ISSN: 0147-5916
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2819
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-011-9380-0

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Andere artikelen Uitgave 4/2012

The Nature of Threat: Enhanced Recall of Internal Threat Words in Fear of Flying

Cognitive Organization, Perceptions of Parenting and Depression Symptoms in Early Adolescence

Appraisals of Stressful Life Events as a Genetically-Linked Mechanism in the Stress–Depression Relationship

Responding to Anxiety with Rumination and Hopelessness: Mechanism of Anxiety-Depression Symptom Co-Occurrence?

The Future of Cognitive Therapy and Research is Bright and Clear

Guilt and Compulsive Washing: Experimental Tests of Interrelationships