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Gepubliceerd in:

01-02-2013 | Original Article

Social Influences in Negative Thinking and Affect

Auteurs: Brian Lakey, Shawna M. Tanner

Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research | Uitgave 1/2013

Abstract

Research on negative thinking and mental health has been criticized as focusing exclusively on trait like individual differences, and ignoring potential social influences. Nonetheless, little progress has been made in studying social influences. We tested a new theory of social support that hypothesizes that day-to-day social interaction helps regulate thought and affect. In two studies, students rated negative thinking and affect when thinking about their mothers, fathers, and closest peers. We isolated trait like negative thinking (i.e., stable across support providers) from socially influenced negative thinking (i.e., varied across support providers). There were significant social influences on each type of negative thinking such that the providers that elicited negative thinking also elicited worse affect and low perceived support, beyond recipients’ trait-like negative thinking. Some types of negative thinking were more trait like (worry and dysfunctional attitudes) and some were equally trait like and socially influenced (e.g., automatic negative thoughts).

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Internal consistency reliability formulas were α_r = σ _r ² /[σ _r ² + (σ _rxi ² /n_i)] for recipient trait influences and α_s = σ _{p nested within r} ² /[σ _{p nested within r} ² + (σ _{p nested within rxi} ² /n_i)] for social influences, in which r indicates recipients, p indicates providers, i indicates items and n_i indicates number of item aggregates (i.e., 2). The formula for recipient trait influences is essentially similar to Cronbach’s alpha (Cronbach et al. 1972). The formula for social influences was derived from Cardinet et al.'s (1976) extension of G theory. In some cases, reliability = 1 because the error term = 0.

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Titel: Social Influences in Negative Thinking and Affect
Auteurs: Brian Lakey
Shawna M. Tanner
Publicatiedatum: 01-02-2013
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research / Uitgave 1/2013
Print ISSN: 0147-5916
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2819
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-012-9444-9

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